Low Fiber Intake Increase Risk of Diabetes Mellitus in Overweight People

Background: A diet with unbalanced foods and low in fiber among others are the causes of Diabetes mellitus (DM). The purpose of this paper was to assess the risk of low fiber intake and several other factors on DM in overweight people in Indonesia. Methods: As part of Riskesdas 2007 data, we assessed and were overweight [body mass index (BMI) ≥ 23] and aged ≥ 15 years old among subjects who had laboratory test. They were divided into 2 groups based on reference value of the Indonesian Endocrinology Associations (Perkeni) in 2006: Non DM=<200 mg/dl; DM=≥ 200 mg/dl, Results: Out of 7,807 who underwent laboratory for glucose tests, 2.550 subjects were overweight and aged 15 years or over. Furthermore, 201 (7,9%) had DM dan 2.349 (92,1%) did not have DM. Compared to those with sufficient fiber intake, those with low fiber intake had a 2-fold risk for DM (adjusted odds ratio (ORa)=2.02; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.00-4.08). Risk of DM increased along with increased of age. Compared to those in the 15-39 years age group, those in the ≥56 years age group had a 4.9-fold risk for DM (ORa=4.88; 95% CI=3.18-7.49), whereas the 40-55 age group had a 2.4-fold risk for DM (ORa=2.42, 95% CI=1.66-3.51). In term of hypertension, those with hypertension had 57% more for DM (OR=1.57, 95% CI=1.15-2.16). Compared with those with no/sometimes/never smoking, daily smokers had a 40% less risk for DM (ORa=0.60, 95% CI=0.4-0.91). Conclusion: In overweight people, low fiber intake, older age, and hypertension may increase the risk of DM. (Health Science Indones 2011;2:28-33

Faktor-faktor Penyimpangan Positif (Positive Deviance) Status Gizi Balita pada Keluarga Miskin di Kabupaten Gizi-kurang Rendah dan Tinggi di Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan (Factors Of Positive Deviance In Nutritional Status Of Under-fives Among Poor Family

Background: The amount of poor population in Jeneponto & Selayar districts, South Sulawesi, were relatively similar and higher than the national average. However, Janeponto had high prevalence in malnutrition among children under five (28%), whereas Selayar had low prevalence in malnutrition among children under five (11,31%). Objective: This research aims to measure positive deviance which affects nutrition status in two different districts with relative-similar poverty level as well as different nutrition deficiency prevalence. Method: This research is an advance analysis of Riskesdas 2007 data which targeted poor family with under-five-children as sample. As the first step, data verification is conducted to make sure data completeness. Analysis is done by using statistical description, whereas Chi square test is used to analyzing nutrition-status-factors difference between two districts. Result: Under-five-children nutrition status is highly affected by family socio-economy status which covers education level of parents, income, total of family member, access to clean water, environment hygiene and sanitation, and family morbidity. Conclusion: Positive deviation factor of less malnutrition nutritional status than high malnutrition in poor areas was the high parental education, the small number of household members, and ease of access to water

Pengaruh Asupan Protein Ibu Hamil Dan Panjang Badan Bayi Lahir Terhadap Kejadian Stunting Pada Anak Usia 12 Bulan Di Kabupaten Bogor (Effect of the Pregnant Women\u27s Protein Intake and Their Baby Length at Birth to the Incidence of Stunting Among Children

Nutritional adequacy of pregnant women will affect the nutritional status of their children, especially in their “golden age”. The objective of this study was to determine the associated factors that influence the incidence of stunting in children of 12 months old, to compare the hazard ratio of the occurrence of stunting, and to determine the most important factors that associated the incidence of stunting in children aged 12 months old. This was a longitudinal study. The samples include 262 pregnant women with gestational age between 12-16 weeks who were subsequently followed-up until their babies were 12 months old. Data were collected from March 2011 until December 2012. Data included maternal education, food consumption recall of pregnant women, and the nutritional status of children aged 12 months old. The statistical analysis used was descriptive analysis, Kaplan Meier, and COX Regression. Babies born from mothers who had less than 58 percent RDA protein intake in their second trimester of pregnancy had 1.6 times more risk to develop stunting at 12 months old compared to those born from mothers who had 58 % RDA or more protein intake during their second trimester of pregnancy. Also, children who were born with body length < 48 cm had 5.9 times more risk to develop stunting at 12 months old compared to those born with body length ≥ 48 cm. The protein intake of pregnant mothers at second trimester and body length of child at birth could influence the occurrence of stunting in their children at 12 months old

Akseptabilitas Bubuk Multi-zat-gizi-mikro Oleh Balita Keluarga Miskin Di Jakarta Utara

Acceptability of Multiple-Micronutrient Powders By Under-Fives of Poor Families In North Jakarta.Background: The final of three steps in developing the Indonesia Multiple-Micronutrient Powders (MMP) called TABURIA was to evaluate its effectiveness in improving the nutritional status of under-fives under programmatic setting. Together with execution of the final step, it was also necessary to conduct the subject's perception, satisfaction, and expectation toward TABURIA.Objectives: To find-out the acceptability of under-fives' mothers toward TABURIA.Methods: We assessed the acceptability of TABURIA for under-fives of poor families in North Jakarta. This under-fives beneficiaries of the MMP project participating in "the Effectiveness of TABURIA on Growth and Hemoglobin Concentration Study" were surveyed about the acceptability of TABURIA (n = 464). Acceptability of the MMP was evaluated based on mothers' perceptions and experiences with organoleptic qualities, ease of use, perceived satisfaction, and expectation. The median Likert scale ranking of organoleptic and use qualities for TABURIA was "I liked it" (3 on a scale of 1-5). However, responses to openended survey questions and semi-structured interviews showed decided preferences.Results: TABURIA was strongly preferred by under-fives. In interviews, most of mothers expressed like of the texture, color, odor, and taste of TABURIA; they found it practical to get, store and prepare, and reported the satisfaction and expectation with it.Conclusions: Most of under-fives' mothers were very like TABURIA product. They stated TABURIA was simple to use, more preferred it than the other consumed supplement products, willing to pay if it will be sold to the free market; they preferred to pay it maximum Rp 500 per sachet. They required TABURIA, especially for generating their children appetite