Low Fiber Intake Increase Risk of Diabetes Mellitus in Overweight People

Abstract

Background: A diet with unbalanced foods and low in fiber among others are the causes of Diabetes mellitus (DM). The purpose of this paper was to assess the risk of low fiber intake and several other factors on DM in overweight people in Indonesia. Methods: As part of Riskesdas 2007 data, we assessed and were overweight [body mass index (BMI) ≥ 23] and aged ≥ 15 years old among subjects who had laboratory test. They were divided into 2 groups based on reference value of the Indonesian Endocrinology Associations (Perkeni) in 2006: Non DM=<200 mg/dl; DM=≥ 200 mg/dl, Results: Out of 7,807 who underwent laboratory for glucose tests, 2.550 subjects were overweight and aged 15 years or over. Furthermore, 201 (7,9%) had DM dan 2.349 (92,1%) did not have DM. Compared to those with sufficient fiber intake, those with low fiber intake had a 2-fold risk for DM (adjusted odds ratio (ORa)=2.02; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.00-4.08). Risk of DM increased along with increased of age. Compared to those in the 15-39 years age group, those in the ≥56 years age group had a 4.9-fold risk for DM (ORa=4.88; 95% CI=3.18-7.49), whereas the 40-55 age group had a 2.4-fold risk for DM (ORa=2.42, 95% CI=1.66-3.51). In term of hypertension, those with hypertension had 57% more for DM (OR=1.57, 95% CI=1.15-2.16). Compared with those with no/sometimes/never smoking, daily smokers had a 40% less risk for DM (ORa=0.60, 95% CI=0.4-0.91). Conclusion: In overweight people, low fiber intake, older age, and hypertension may increase the risk of DM. (Health Science Indones 2011;2:28-33