13,595 research outputs found
A correlation method to predict the surface pressure distribution on an infinite plate from which a jet is issuing
A correlation method to predict pressures induced on an infinite plate by a jet issuing from the plate into a subsonic free stream was developed. The complete method consists of an analytical method which models the blockage and entrainment properties of the jet and a correlation which accounts for the effects of separation. The method was developed for jet velocity ratios up to ten and for radial distances up to five diameters from the jet. Correlation curves and data comparisons are presented for jets issuing normally from a flat plate with velocity ratios one to twelve. Also, a list of references which deal with jets in a crossflow is presented
Prediction of vortex shedding from circular and noncircular bodies in supersonic flow
An engineering prediction method and associated computer code NOZVTX to predict nose vortex shedding from circular and noncircular bodies in supersonic flow at angles of attack and roll are presented. The body is represented by either a supersonic panel method for noncircular cross sections or line sources and doublets for circular cross sections, and the lee side vortex wake is modeled by discrete vortices in crossflow planes. The three-dimensional steady flow problem is reduced to a two-dimensional, unsteady, separated flow problem for solution. Comparison of measured and predicted surface pressure distributions, flow field surveys, and aerodynamic characteristics is presented for bodies with circular and noncircular cross-sectional shapes
Spin-1 effective Hamiltonian with three degenerate orbitals: An application to the case of V_2O_3
Motivated by recent neutron and x-ray observations in V_2O_3, we derive the
effective Hamiltonian in the strong coupling limit of an Hubbard model with
three degenerate t_{2g} states containing two electrons coupled to spin S = 1,
and use it to re-examine the low-temperature ground-state properties of this
compound. An axial trigonal distortion of the cubic states is also taken into
account. Since there are no assumptions about the symmetry properties of the
hopping integrals involved, the resulting spin-orbital Hamiltonian can be
generally applied to any crystallographic configuration of the transition metal
ion giving rise to degenerate t_{2g} orbitals. Specializing to the case of
V_2O_3 we consider the antiferromagnetic insulating phase. We find two
variational regimes, depending on the relative size of the correlation energy
of the vertical pairs and the in-plane interaction energy. The former favors
the formation of stable molecules throughout the crystal, while the latter
tends to break this correlated state. We determine in both cases the minimizing
orbital solutions for various spin configurations, and draw the corresponding
phase diagrams. We find that none of the symmetry-breaking stable phases with
the real spin structure presents an orbital ordering compatible with the
magnetic space group indicated by very recent observations of non-reciprocal
x-ray gyrotropy in V_2O_3. We do however find a compatible solution with very
small excitation energy in two distinct regions of the phase space, which might
turn into the true ground state of V_2O_3 due to the favorable coupling with
the lattice. We illustrate merits and drawbacks of the various solutions and
discuss them in relation to the present experimental evidence.Comment: 36 pages, 19 figure
Computer programs to predict induced effects of jets exhausting into a crossflow
A user's manual for two computer programs was developed to predict the induced effects of jets exhausting into a crossflow. Program JETPLT predicts pressures induced on an infinite flat plate by a jet exhausting at angles to the plate and Program JETBOD, in conjunction with a panel code, predicts pressures induced on a body of revolution by a jet exhausting normal to the surface. Both codes use a potential model of the jet and adjacent surface with empirical corrections for the viscous or nonpotential effects. This program manual contains a description of the use of both programs, instructions for preparation of input, descriptions of the output, limitations of the codes, and sample cases. In addition, procedures to extend both codes to include additional empirical correlations are described
A simplified instrument for recording and indicating frequency and intensity of icing conditions encountered in flight
Quantum spin liquid at finite temperature: proximate dynamics and persistent typicality
Quantum spin liquids are long-range entangled states of matter with emergent
gauge fields and fractionalized excitations. While candidate materials, such as
the Kitaev honeycomb ruthenate -RuCl, show magnetic order at low
temperatures , here we demonstrate numerically a dynamical crossover from
magnon-like behavior at low and frequencies to long-lived
fractionalized fermionic quasiparticles at higher and . This
crossover is akin to the presence of spinon continua in quasi-1D spin chains.
It is further shown to go hand in hand with persistent typicality down to very
low . This aspect, which has also been observed in the spin-1/2 kagome
Heisenberg antiferromagnet, is a signature of proximate spin liquidity and
emergent gauge degrees of freedom more generally, and can be the basis for the
numerical study of many finite- properties of putative spin liquids.Comment: 13 pages, 11 figures, accepted versio
A study of prediction methods for the high angle-of-attack aerodynamics of straight wings and fighter aircraft
Work is described dealing with two areas which are dominated by the nonlinear effects of vortex flows. The first area concerns the stall/spin characteristics of a general aviation wing with a modified leading edge. The second area concerns the high-angle-of-attack characteristics of high performance military aircraft. For each area, the governing phenomena are described as identified with the aid of existing experimental data. Existing analytical methods are reviewed, and the most promising method for each area used to perform some preliminary calculations. Based on these results, the strengths and weaknesses of the methods are defined, and research programs recommended to improve the methods as a result of better understanding of the flow mechanisms involved
Variational study of the antiferromagnetic insulating phase of V2O3 based on Nth order Muffin-Tin-Orbitals
Motivated by recent results of th order muffin-tin orbital (NMTO)
implementation of the density functional theory (DFT), we re-examine
low-temperature ground-state properties of the anti-ferromagnetic insulating
phase of vanadium sesquioxide VO. The hopping matrix elements obtained
by the NMTO-downfolding procedure differ significantly from those previously
obtained in electronic structure calculations and imply that the in-plane
hopping integrals are as important as the out-of-plane ones. We use the NMTO
hopping matrix elements as input and perform a variational study of the ground
state. We show that the formation of stable molecules throughout the crystal is
not favorable in this case and that the experimentally observed magnetic
structure can still be obtained in the atomic variational regime. However the
resulting ground state (two electrons occupying the degenerate
doublet) is in contrast with many well established experimental observations.
We discuss the implications of this finding in the light of the non-local
electronic correlations certainly present in this compound.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figure
Impingement of Cloud Droplets on a Cylinder and Procedure for Measuring Liquid-Water Content and Droplet Sizes in Supercooled Clouds by Rotating Multicylinder Method
No abstract availabl
Developing and Researching PhET simulations for Teaching Quantum Mechanics
Quantum mechanics is difficult to learn because it is counterintuitive, hard
to visualize, mathematically challenging, and abstract. The Physics Education
Technology (PhET) Project, known for its interactive computer simulations for
teaching and learning physics, now includes 18 simulations on quantum mechanics
designed to improve learning of this difficult subject. Our simulations include
several key features to help students build mental models and intuitions about
quantum mechanics: visual representations of abstract concepts and microscopic
processes that cannot be directly observed, interactive environments that
directly couple students' actions to animations, connections to everyday life,
and efficient calculations so students can focus on the concepts rather than
the math. Like all PhET simulations, these are developed using the results of
education research and feedback from educators, and are tested in student
interviews and classroom studies. This article provides an overview of the PhET
quantum simulations and their development. We also describe research
demonstrating their effectiveness and share some insights about student
thinking that we have gained from our research on quantum simulations.Comment: accepted by American Journal of Physics; v2 includes an additional
study, more explanation of research behind claims, clearer wording, and more
reference
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