Swine pneumonia: a pathological and microbiological study

Durante dos años se estudiaron casos de neumonías desde el punto de vista anatomopatológicas y etiológico, con especial hicapié en el aislamiento de Micoplasmas respiratorios y bacterias patógenas primarias del pulmón del cerdo, con el propósito de determinar cuales son los agentes de más frecuente presentación en cuadros de neumonías primarias y secundarias y verificar la validez de una correlación etiopatológica a través de estudios de casos de campo y mediante la reproducción experimental En total se analizaron 79 muestras. En el estudio realizado se comprobó un progresivo aumento de la incidencia de neumoflía como hallazgo anatomopatológico en relación con el aumento de la edad de las muestras analizadas y agrupadas según las distintas etapas de la explotación porcina. Los criterios anatomopatológicos seguidos en este trabajo para la clasificación de las neumonías porcinas, fueron aplicados a las muestras estudiadas y relacionadas con las etapas enunciadas. Como resultado de ello se comprobó que la incidencia de pleuroneumonía como hallazgo anatomopatológico alcanzó su mayor valor en el período de engorde. Los resultados obtenidos fueron concordantes a los observados en los casos de campo y los indicados por otros autores. Las características clínicas, anatomopatológicas y epizootiológicas de los cuadros producidos por dichos agentes son descriptas en base a las observaciones realizadas y la bibliografía consultada.Seventy nine pneumonic lungs obtained from pigs submitted to the Pathology Institute “Dr. Bernardo Epstein” for examination were studied according to etiological and pathological criteria. AS the result and increased incidence of pneumonia was found in association with the age of the pigs studied after grouping them in relation to the different steps of pig management. The pathological criteria followed in this investigation for classifying the swine pneumonia was applied to the samples analyzed within different age groups. AS the result pleuropneumonia occurs more frequently during the fattening period and was closely associated with the isolation of Pasteurella multocida and Hemophilus parahemolyticus (pleuropneumonieae. The etiopathogenesis of both pleuropneumonia and bronchopneumonia were discussed. An exper imental reproduc t ion wi th both Bordetel la bronchisept i ca and Hemophi lus parahaemolyt i cus (pleuropneumoniae) serotype 1 isolated from field outbreak were carried out. The macro and microscopic lesions were similar to those observed in the field and reported by other workers.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Swine pneumonia: a pathological and microbiological study

Durante dos años se estudiaron casos de neumonías desde el punto de vista anatomopatológicas y etiológico, con especial hicapié en el aislamiento de Micoplasmas respiratorios y bacterias patógenas primarias del pulmón del cerdo, con el propósito de determinar cuales son los agentes de más frecuente presentación en cuadros de neumonías primarias y secundarias y verificar la validez de una correlación etiopatológica a través de estudios de casos de campo y mediante la reproducción experimental En total se analizaron 79 muestras. En el estudio realizado se comprobó un progresivo aumento de la incidencia de neumoflía como hallazgo anatomopatológico en relación con el aumento de la edad de las muestras analizadas y agrupadas según las distintas etapas de la explotación porcina. Los criterios anatomopatológicos seguidos en este trabajo para la clasificación de las neumonías porcinas, fueron aplicados a las muestras estudiadas y relacionadas con las etapas enunciadas. Como resultado de ello se comprobó que la incidencia de pleuroneumonía como hallazgo anatomopatológico alcanzó su mayor valor en el período de engorde. Los resultados obtenidos fueron concordantes a los observados en los casos de campo y los indicados por otros autores. Las características clínicas, anatomopatológicas y epizootiológicas de los cuadros producidos por dichos agentes son descriptas en base a las observaciones realizadas y la bibliografía consultada.Seventy nine pneumonic lungs obtained from pigs submitted to the Pathology Institute “Dr. Bernardo Epstein” for examination were studied according to etiological and pathological criteria. AS the result and increased incidence of pneumonia was found in association with the age of the pigs studied after grouping them in relation to the different steps of pig management. The pathological criteria followed in this investigation for classifying the swine pneumonia was applied to the samples analyzed within different age groups. AS the result pleuropneumonia occurs more frequently during the fattening period and was closely associated with the isolation of Pasteurella multocida and Hemophilus parahemolyticus (pleuropneumonieae. The etiopathogenesis of both pleuropneumonia and bronchopneumonia were discussed. An exper imental reproduc t ion wi th both Bordetel la bronchisept i ca and Hemophi lus parahaemolyt i cus (pleuropneumoniae) serotype 1 isolated from field outbreak were carried out. The macro and microscopic lesions were similar to those observed in the field and reported by other workers.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Swine pneumonia: a pathological and microbiological study

Durante dos años se estudiaron casos de neumonías desde el punto de vista anatomopatológicas y etiológico, con especial hicapié en el aislamiento de Micoplasmas respiratorios y bacterias patógenas primarias del pulmón del cerdo, con el propósito de determinar cuales son los agentes de más frecuente presentación en cuadros de neumonías primarias y secundarias y verificar la validez de una correlación etiopatológica a través de estudios de casos de campo y mediante la reproducción experimental En total se analizaron 79 muestras. En el estudio realizado se comprobó un progresivo aumento de la incidencia de neumoflía como hallazgo anatomopatológico en relación con el aumento de la edad de las muestras analizadas y agrupadas según las distintas etapas de la explotación porcina. Los criterios anatomopatológicos seguidos en este trabajo para la clasificación de las neumonías porcinas, fueron aplicados a las muestras estudiadas y relacionadas con las etapas enunciadas. Como resultado de ello se comprobó que la incidencia de pleuroneumonía como hallazgo anatomopatológico alcanzó su mayor valor en el período de engorde. Los resultados obtenidos fueron concordantes a los observados en los casos de campo y los indicados por otros autores. Las características clínicas, anatomopatológicas y epizootiológicas de los cuadros producidos por dichos agentes son descriptas en base a las observaciones realizadas y la bibliografía consultada.Seventy nine pneumonic lungs obtained from pigs submitted to the Pathology Institute “Dr. Bernardo Epstein” for examination were studied according to etiological and pathological criteria. AS the result and increased incidence of pneumonia was found in association with the age of the pigs studied after grouping them in relation to the different steps of pig management. The pathological criteria followed in this investigation for classifying the swine pneumonia was applied to the samples analyzed within different age groups. AS the result pleuropneumonia occurs more frequently during the fattening period and was closely associated with the isolation of Pasteurella multocida and Hemophilus parahemolyticus (pleuropneumonieae. The etiopathogenesis of both pleuropneumonia and bronchopneumonia were discussed. An exper imental reproduc t ion wi th both Bordetel la bronchisept i ca and Hemophi lus parahaemolyt i cus (pleuropneumoniae) serotype 1 isolated from field outbreak were carried out. The macro and microscopic lesions were similar to those observed in the field and reported by other workers.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Toxoplasmosis in domestic rabbit

Se describe un brote de Toxoplasmosis en conejos domésticos, desde el punto de vista clínico y anatomopatológicos macro y microscópico, el diagnóstico se realizó exclusivamente en base al estudio histopatológico. Se relatan las formas de presentación en otras especies domésticas, ciclo evolutivo y epidemiología del parásito y los antecedentes en veterinaria en nuestro país.An outbreak of Toxoplasmosis in domestic rabbits is described clinically and anatomopathologically.Diagnosis was performed under hlstologlc studies carried out with hematoxylin and eosin stains and other special techniques. Its occurrence in other domestic animals, biological cycle and epidemiology are also described as well as the antecedents in veterinary in our country.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Toxoplasmosis in domestic rabbit

Se describe un brote de Toxoplasmosis en conejos domésticos, desde el punto de vista clínico y anatomopatológicos macro y microscópico, el diagnóstico se realizó exclusivamente en base al estudio histopatológico. Se relatan las formas de presentación en otras especies domésticas, ciclo evolutivo y epidemiología del parásito y los antecedentes en veterinaria en nuestro país.An outbreak of Toxoplasmosis in domestic rabbits is described clinically and anatomopathologically.Diagnosis was performed under hlstologlc studies carried out with hematoxylin and eosin stains and other special techniques. Its occurrence in other domestic animals, biological cycle and epidemiology are also described as well as the antecedents in veterinary in our country.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli subclinical infection in pigs: bacteriological and genotypic characterization and antimicrobial resistance profiles

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is the major pathogen responsible for neonatal diarrhea, postweaning diarrhea, and edema disease in pigs. Although it can be harmless, ETEC is also present in the intestines of other animal species and humans, causing occasional diarrhea outbreaks. The evaluation of this pathogen’s presence in food sources is becoming an increasingly important issue in human health. In order to determine the prevalence of ETEC in nondiarrheic pigs, 990 animals from 11 pig farms were sampled. Using end-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), eltA, estI genes, or both, were detected in 150 (15.2%) animals. From the positive samples, 40 (26.6%) ETEC strains were isolated, showing 19 antibiotic-resistance patterns; 52.5% of these strains had multiple antibiotic resistances, and 17.5% carried the intI2 gene. The most prevalent genotypes were rfbO157/estII/aidA (32.5%) and estI/estII (25.0%). The estII gene was identified most frequently (97.5%), followed by estI (37.5%), astA (20.0%), and eltA (12.5%). The genes coding the fimbriae F5, F6, and F18 were detected in three single isolates. The aidA gene was detected in 20 ETEC strains associated with the estII gene. Among the isolated ETEC strains, stx2e/estI, stx2e/estI/estII, and stx2e/estI/estII/intI2 genotypes were identified. The ETEC belonged to 12 different serogroups; 37.5% of them belonged to serotype O157:H19. Isolates were grouped by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus–PCR into 5 clusters with 100.0% similarity. In this study, we demonstrated that numerous ETEC genotypes cohabit and circulate in swine populations without clinical manifestation of neonatal diarrhea, postweaning diarrhea, or edema disease in different production stages. The information generated is important not only for diagnostic and epidemiological purposes, but also for understanding the dynamics and ecology of ETEC in pigs in different production stages that can be potentially transmitted to humans from food animals.Fil: Moredo, Fabiana A.. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Cs.veterinarias. Departamento de Microbiologia. Catedra de Microbiologia; ArgentinaFil: Piñeyro Piñeiro, Pablo Enrique. University of Iowa; Estados UnidosFil: Márquez, Gabriela C.. Virginia Polytechnic Institute; Estados UnidosFil: Sanz, Marcelo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tandil. Centro de Investigacion Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Colello, Rocío. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tandil. Centro de Investigacion Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Etcheverría, Analía Inés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tandil. Centro de Investigacion Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Padola, Nora L.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tandil. Centro de Investigacion Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Quiroga, Maria A.. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Cs.veterinarias. Departamento de Patologia. Laboratorio de Patolog. Espec. Veterinaria "dr. Bernardo Epstein"; ArgentinaFil: Perfumo, Carlos J.. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Cs.veterinarias. Departamento de Patologia. Laboratorio de Patolog. Espec. Veterinaria "dr. Bernardo Epstein"; ArgentinaFil: Galli, Lucía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ingeniero Fernando Noel Dulout"; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Leotta, Gerardo Anibal. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ingeniero Fernando Noel Dulout"; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Argentin

Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Outbreak on Pig Farm, Argentina

In June–July 2009, an outbreak of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 infection occurred on a pig farm in Argentina. Molecular analysis indicated that the virus was genetically related to the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza virus strain. The outbreak presumably resulted from direct human-to-pig transmission

Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Coronavirus Infection in Pigs, Argentina

We describe an outbreak of vomiting, wasting, and encephalomyelitis syndrome in piglets in Argentina, caused by porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis coronavirus (PHE-CoV) infection. Diagnosis was made by epidemiologic factors, pathologic features, immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription–PCR, and genomic sequencing. This study documents PHE-CoV infection in South America

Salmonella enterica Subclinical Infection: Bacteriological, Serological, Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis, and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles-Longitudinal Study in a Three-Site Farrow-to-Finish Farm

Fil: Vigo, German B. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Laboratorio de Diagnóstico e Investigaciones Bacteriológicas; Argentina.Fil: Cappuccio, J. A. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Cátedra de Patología Especial; Argentina.Fil: Pineyro, Pablo E. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Cátedra de Patología Especial; Argentina.Fil: Salve, Angela. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Departamento de Bacteriología; Argentina.Fil: Machuca, Mariana A. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Cátedra de Patología Especial; Argentina.Fil: Quiroga, Maria A. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Cátedra de Patología Especial; Argentina.Fil: Moredo, Fabiana. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Laboratorio de Diagnóstico e Investigaciones Bacteriológicas; Argentina.Fil: Giacoboni, Gabriel. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Laboratorio de Diagnóstico e Investigaciones Bacteriológicas; Argentina.Fil: Cancer, Jose L. Private practitioner; Argentina.Fil: Caffer, María Ines. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Departamento de Bacteriología; Argentina.Fil: Binsztein, Norma. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Departamento de Bacteriología; Argentina.Fil: Pichel, Mariana. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Departamento de Bacteriología; Argentina.Fil: Perfumo, Carlos J. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Cátedra de Patología Especial; Argentina.The aim of this surveillance was to study both Salmonella spp. shedding patterns and the time course of serological response in farrow-to-finish reared pigs from a subclinically infected farm. Antimicrobial resistance profile, molecular subtyping, and the relationship among the isolates were determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). A farrow-to-finish farm of 6000 sows, with a history of Salmonella Typhimurium septicemia, was selected. A longitudinal bacteriological and serological study was conducted in 25 sows before farrowing (M=S1) and in 50 offspring at 21 (M=S2), 35 (M=S3), 65 (M=S4), 86 (M=S5), 128 (M=S6), and 165 (M=S7) days of age. Serum antibodies were tested using Herdcheck Swine Salmonella antibody test kit (Idexx Laboratories, ME). Bacteria were isolated from pooled fecal samples. Suspected isolates were confirmed by conventional biochemical assays, and those identified as Salmonella spp. were serotyped. A variation between seropositive percentages and positive fecal samples was observed. Serologically positive pigs decreased from S1 to S4, and subsequently increased from S4 to S7. The percentages of fecal positive culture increased from M1 to M3, and then declined in M4, increased in M5, and were negative in M6 and M7. In the study three serovars, Salmonella 3,10:e,h:-, Salmonella Muenster, and Salmonella Bovismorbificans, were identified with low pathogenicity for swine. Three multidrug resistance strains (one belonged to Salmonella 3,10:e,h:- and two belonged to Salmonella Muenster) were found. PFGE results showed three different but closely related patterns among the 13 isolates of Salmonella Bovismorbificans, and two patterns for the three Salmonella Muenster and Salmonella 3,10:e,h:- isolates. This longitudinal study established critical points of Salmonella spp. infection in the farm and the production stages, where appropriate control measures must be taken. PFGE showed clonal relationships in each serovar. Antibiotic resistance profiles should be periodically included due to public health concerns

Salmonella enterica Subclinical Infection: Bacteriological, Serological, Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis, and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles-Longitudinal Study in a Three-Site Farrow-to-Finish Farm

Fil: Vigo, German B. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Laboratorio de Diagnóstico e Investigaciones Bacteriológicas; Argentina.Fil: Cappuccio, J. A. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Cátedra de Patología Especial; Argentina.Fil: Pineyro, Pablo E. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Cátedra de Patología Especial; Argentina.Fil: Salve, Angela. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Departamento de Bacteriología; Argentina.Fil: Machuca, Mariana A. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Cátedra de Patología Especial; Argentina.Fil: Quiroga, Maria A. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Cátedra de Patología Especial; Argentina.Fil: Moredo, Fabiana. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Laboratorio de Diagnóstico e Investigaciones Bacteriológicas; Argentina.Fil: Giacoboni, Gabriel. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Laboratorio de Diagnóstico e Investigaciones Bacteriológicas; Argentina.Fil: Cancer, Jose L. Private practitioner; Argentina.Fil: Caffer, María Ines. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Departamento de Bacteriología; Argentina.Fil: Binsztein, Norma. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Departamento de Bacteriología; Argentina.Fil: Pichel, Mariana. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Departamento de Bacteriología; Argentina.Fil: Perfumo, Carlos J. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Cátedra de Patología Especial; Argentina.The aim of this surveillance was to study both Salmonella spp. shedding patterns and the time course of serological response in farrow-to-finish reared pigs from a subclinically infected farm. Antimicrobial resistance profile, molecular subtyping, and the relationship among the isolates were determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). A farrow-to-finish farm of 6000 sows, with a history of Salmonella Typhimurium septicemia, was selected. A longitudinal bacteriological and serological study was conducted in 25 sows before farrowing (M=S1) and in 50 offspring at 21 (M=S2), 35 (M=S3), 65 (M=S4), 86 (M=S5), 128 (M=S6), and 165 (M=S7) days of age. Serum antibodies were tested using Herdcheck Swine Salmonella antibody test kit (Idexx Laboratories, ME). Bacteria were isolated from pooled fecal samples. Suspected isolates were confirmed by conventional biochemical assays, and those identified as Salmonella spp. were serotyped. A variation between seropositive percentages and positive fecal samples was observed. Serologically positive pigs decreased from S1 to S4, and subsequently increased from S4 to S7. The percentages of fecal positive culture increased from M1 to M3, and then declined in M4, increased in M5, and were negative in M6 and M7. In the study three serovars, Salmonella 3,10:e,h:-, Salmonella Muenster, and Salmonella Bovismorbificans, were identified with low pathogenicity for swine. Three multidrug resistance strains (one belonged to Salmonella 3,10:e,h:- and two belonged to Salmonella Muenster) were found. PFGE results showed three different but closely related patterns among the 13 isolates of Salmonella Bovismorbificans, and two patterns for the three Salmonella Muenster and Salmonella 3,10:e,h:- isolates. This longitudinal study established critical points of Salmonella spp. infection in the farm and the production stages, where appropriate control measures must be taken. PFGE showed clonal relationships in each serovar. Antibiotic resistance profiles should be periodically included due to public health concerns