EFECTIVIDAD DE TALLERES EDUCATIVOS EN LA MEJORA DE CONOCIMIENTOS Y ACTITUDES SOBRE EDUCACIÓN SEXUAL INTEGRAL. ESTUDIANTES DEL 4TO Y 5TO DE SECUNDARIA I.E. HÉROES DE JACTAY – HUÁNUCO – 2019

El presente estudio partió de la premisa de que la salud sexual y reproductiva de los adolescentes en el Perú, responde causalmente, a un criterio de multifactorialidad, dentro del cual las falencias de la Educación Sexual Integral - ESI – en el proceso educativo escolar, contribuye a incrementar indicadores sanitarios negativos como tasa de embarazo en la adolescencia (15%) y prevalencia de infecciones de transmisión sexual – VIH SIDA, entre otros. (1) El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la efectividad de los “Talleres Educativos”, para mejorar la Educación Sexual Integral en estudiantes del ámbito de estudio señalado, contribuir a mejorar los conocimientos y actitudes sobre sexualidad que permita a los estudiantes ser capaces de entender y conceptualizar diversos aspectos de la sexualidad para, sobre esa base, desarrollar actitudes asertivas respecto a su sexualidad. La metodología correspondió a un estudio de enfoque cualitativo, de nivel explicativo, tipo prospectivo, longitudinal y de diseño experimental en su variante cuasi experimental con grupo estudio y grupo control. La selección de los estudiantes de ambas secciones se realizó a través del muestreo por cuotas estratificado. La muestra de estudio estuvo conformada por 53 estudiantes que cursan el 4to y 5to año de secundaria en la I.E. Héroes de Jactay – 2019. El estudio concluyó en que los “Talleres Educativos sobre Educación Sexual”, han evidenciado mejoras en el nivel de conocimientos y actitudes de los adolescentes del grupo experimental en relación a los que participaron del grupo control, por lo que estimamos que los “Talleres Educativos sobre Educación Sexual”, son efectivos para mejorar la Educación Sexual Integral – ESI- de los estudiantes del 4to y 5to de secundaria de la I.E. Héroes de Jactay – Huánuco.Tesi

Symmetries in Fluctuations Far from Equilibrium

Fluctuations arise universally in Nature as a reflection of the discrete microscopic world at the macroscopic level. Despite their apparent noisy origin, fluctuations encode fundamental aspects of the physics of the system at hand, crucial to understand irreversibility and nonequilibrium behavior. In order to sustain a given fluctuation, a system traverses a precise optimal path in phase space. Here we show that by demanding invariance of optimal paths under symmetry transformations, new and general fluctuation relations valid arbitrarily far from equilibrium are unveiled. This opens an unexplored route toward a deeper understanding of nonequilibrium physics by bringing symmetry principles to the realm of fluctuations. We illustrate this concept studying symmetries of the current distribution out of equilibrium. In particular we derive an isometric fluctuation relation which links in a strikingly simple manner the probabilities of any pair of isometric current fluctuations. This relation, which results from the time-reversibility of the dynamics, includes as a particular instance the Gallavotti-Cohen fluctuation theorem in this context but adds a completely new perspective on the high level of symmetry imposed by time-reversibility on the statistics of nonequilibrium fluctuations. The new symmetry implies remarkable hierarchies of equations for the current cumulants and the nonlinear response coefficients, going far beyond Onsager's reciprocity relations and Green-Kubo formulae. We confirm the validity of the new symmetry relation in extensive numerical simulations, and suggest that the idea of symmetry in fluctuations as invariance of optimal paths has far-reaching consequences in diverse fields.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figure

Adaptive methodology for meshless finite point method

In this work, a posteriori error estimator and an adaptive refinement process for the meshless finite point method (FPM), which is based on point collocation, are presented. The error indicator is formulated by the least-squares functional evaluation, used in the shape function development. New degrees of freedom or additional points can be incorporated without difficulty, in zones where the error estimator presents a high value, by means of h–p refinement processes. The validity of the proposed error estimator can be demonstrated by developments of numerical problems in mechanics of solids, using an adaptive refinement process of the solution

The Skeletal Atlas: A holistic approach to transcriptomics in the skeleton.

Gene expression atlases are powerful bioinformatics tools that allow access to the scientific community to explore omics data. In biomedicine, numerous gene expression databases are available, yet none provide enough information about localized transcriptomics in the skeletal system. In this work we try to solve this gap of knowledge by creating a transcriptomic atlas which brings together different works across the skeletal system, analyzing several key tissue compartments in normal and pathological conditions from mouse and human after analyzing more than 200 studies. Our atlas shows a user-friendly representation which allows the comparison of multiple genes across the different tissues of the skeleton: bone, cartilage, tendon, ligament, growth plate and skeletal muscle. As expected, our first finding was the identification of a significant heterogeneity between experiments from similar studies but from different labs, so we have created a dataset processing pipeline with inclusive/exclusive criteria of RNAseq experiments based in sequencing quality and purity of the analyzed tissues in search of a normalization protocol. We believe that this atlas will allow the homogenization of the public transcriptomic studies in the skeleton and will settle the basis to incorporate the upcoming data from single cell transcriptomics studies.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Prolonged QT interval in a man with anorexia nervosa

Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by the avoidance of food intake, which usually leads to a weight loss. Cardiac co-morbility is common and we can find sometimes a mass loss from the left ventricle, which can be seen by echocardiography. But the commonest complications are rhythm variations, typically bradycardia with a prolonged QT interval in up to a 40% of the cases, which altogether elevates ventricular tachycardia and sudden death risk. We present the case of a male who was diagnosed with anorexia nervosa and developed asthenia, a long QT interval and also a severe both hypokalaemia and hypomagnesaemia. We intend to discuss the pathogenic paths as well as prophylactic and therapeutic measures to this potentially-lethal pathology

Lepra histioide. Informe de caso

Introduction: histioid leprosy is a form of multibacillary leprosy with a low frequency of observation. Patients with histioid leprosy have a high bacillary load and may represent a potential reservoir of infection in the community.Case report: a patient came to the Dermatology Clinic with multiple nodular skin lesions; the diagnosis was histioid leprosy.Conclusions: the interesting aspect of this case is that the skin lesions are shown in this rare form of the disease, as well as the importance of early diagnosis and timely treatment to avoid patient disability and because it is a source of transmission of the disease.Introducción: la lepra histioide es una forma de presentación de lepra multibacilar con escasa frecuencia de observación. Los pacientes que la padecen presentan una carga bacilar elevada y pueden representar un potencial reservorio de la infección en la comunidad.Información del paciente: se presenta un paciente que acudió a la Consulta de Dermatología con múltiples lesiones nodulares en la piel; el diagnóstico fue de lepra histioide.Conclusiones: lo interesante del caso radica en que se muestran las lesiones cutáneas en esta forma poco frecuente de la enfermedad, así como la importancia de realizar el diagnóstico precoz y de instaurar tratamiento oportuno para evitar discapacidades en elpaciente y porque constituye una fuente de trasmisión de la enfermedad

Effects of respiratory muscle training on respiratory efficiency and health-related quality of life in sedentary women with fibromyalgia: a randomised controlled trial

Objectives: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FM) is a complex disease that is mainly characterised by chronic pain, fatigue, and sleep disturbances and may be precipitated or worsened by many stressors. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of respiratory muscle training (RMT) on respiratory efficiency and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in women with FM. Methods: A total of 30 women with FM were included in the intention to treat analyses: 15 were assigned to the RMT group and 15 to the control group. The intervention consisted of 12 weeks of RMT. The primary outcome was the change in pulmonary function assessed by global body plethysmography at 12 weeks compared with baseline. Secondary outcomes included changes of scores in HRQoL assessed by the Short Form 36 Health Survey-Portuguese version. Results: The maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) improved by 17.5% (p-value = .033), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) improved 21.6% (p-value = 0.045) and maximum occlusion pressure (P0.1 max) increased 27.7% (p-value = 0.007). HRQoL improved in the dimensions of physical function, physical role, bodily pain and vitality (p-value <0.05). Conclusions: RMT results in a significant improvement of respiratory efficiency and HRQoL after 12 weeks. RMT could be an effective therapy to enhance respiratory function and quality of life in women with FM

Related Message Attacks to Public Key Encryption Schemes: Relations among Security Notions

Consider a scenario in which an adversary, attacking a certain public key encryption scheme, gains knowledge of several ciphertexts which underlying plaintext are meaningfully related with a given target ciphertext. This kind of related message attack has been proved successful against several public key encryption schemes; widely known is the Franklin-Reiter attack to RSA with low exponent and its subsequent improvement by Coppersmith. However, to the best of our knowledge no formal treatment of these type of attacks has to date been done, and as a result, it has not been rigorously studied which of the ``standard\u27\u27 security notions imply resilience to them. We give formal definitions of several security notions capturing the resistance to this kind of attacks. For passive adversaries we prove that, for the case of indistinguishability, security against related message attacks is equivalent to standard CPA security. On the other hand, one-wayness robust schemes in this sense can be seen as strictly between OW-CPA and IND-CPA secure schemes. Furthermore, we prove that the same holds for active (CCA) adversaries

Effect of Preventive Chlamydia abortus Vaccination in Offspring Development in Sheep Challenged Experimentally

Ovine enzootic abortion, caused by Chlamydia abortus, leads to important economic losses worldwide. In addition to reproductive failures, infection may impact lamb growth during the first weeks after birth, yet this effect has not been well characterized. Vaccination can help to control the disease but variable efficacy values have been described, possibly related with factors associated with the host, the vaccine, the parameter used for efficacy determination and the challenge conditions. In this context, we evaluated the efficacy of an inactivated standard commercial vaccine and a 1/2 diluted dose in pregnant sheep challenged with C. abortus by examining multiple indicators ofvaccine effect (including incidence of reproductive failures, bacterial excretion, and evolution of weight gain of viable lambs during the first month of life). Three groups of ewes [control non-vaccinated, C (n = 18); vaccinated with standard dose, SV (n = 16) and vaccinated with 1/2 dose, DV (n = 17)], were challenged approximately 90 days post-mating and tested using direct PCR (tissue samples and vaginal swabs) and ELISA (serum) until 31 days post-reproductive outcome. There were not significant differences in the proportions of reproductive failures or bacterial shedding after birth/abortion regardless the vaccination protocol. However, a beneficial effect of vaccination on offspring growth was detected in both vaccinated groups compared with the controls, with a mean increase in weight measured at 30 days of life of 1.5 and 2.5 Kg (p = 0.056) and an increase in the geometric mean of the daily gain of 8.4 and 9.7% in lambs born from DV and SV ewes compared to controls, respectively. Our results demonstrate the effect of an inactivated vaccine in the development of the offspring of C. abortus-infected ewes at a standard and a diluted dose, an interesting finding given the difficulty in achieving sufficient antigen concentration in the production of EAE-commercial vaccines