Terminología aplicada en el campo de la conservación del Patrimonio Construido

Es indudable la importancia que tienen las palabras, por ello considero necesario hacer un esfuerzo para el uso, lo más correcto posible, de las mismas, de su significado, señalando delimitaciones entre las mismas, aunque se den casos de difuminación entre los limites de algunas que puedan dar lugar a superposiciones terminológicas. Hoy existe un debate filológico importante en torno al campo de la conservación del patrimonio, debate que quizás no habría sido necesario si desde el principio los profesionales involucrados en esta actividad hubiésemos sido mas sensibles a un problema que, sin duda, hemos contribuido a crear, por dejadez o por esnobismo. Desde hace años, se ha venido reclamando la atención al respecto; siendo especialmente llamativo el hecho que en diversos documentos internacionales, con origen en UNESCO,ICOMOS, etc., incorporen sus propias definiciones a efecto de no producir confusión en la lectura de los mismos, incluso incitando a que este debate se produzca, para alcanzar un consenso. No hay que olvidar que el lenguaje forma parte de nuestro patrimonio

A "quick look" at ultrafast ablation using fs-resolved phase-change microscopy

A pump-probe phase-change microscope with fs temporal resolution has been used to understand the transformation induced in the sample surface as a consequence of laser-matter interaction.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Characterization of Laser-Induced Plasmas Of Organic Compounds by spatially- and temporally resolved optical emission spectrometry

The large majority of laser-induced plasmas experiments are performed on metals in air at atmospheric pressure, where recombination mechanisms do not play a significant role, as the primary emission lines of interest are significantly more intense than those derived from recombination with air, particularly those yielding oxides. Due to the large number of electronic transitions commonly attainable on metals, many intense emission lines are recorded and different regions of interest useful for identification and quantification purposes may be assigned. The main difficulties in the interpretation of the molecular emission of species containing C, N, O or H relies on the questions concerning their origin: direct release from native bonds or recombination with ambient constituents. In other words: does the resultant spectrum mimic the structure of a molecule or the molecular information gets lost in the course of the secondary reactions? Considering that the spectrum observed is always a convolution of primary and secondary processes, experiments in vacuum or in controlled atmospheres may help to address such questions. The present work shows detailed experiments where spatially- and temporally-resolved optical emission spectroscopy of laser-produced plasmas on organic compounds has been performed. The experiments cover a pressure range from 1000 mbar to 10-3 mbar that allows a precise observation of the effect of the surrounding atmosphere in the formation of species by recombination.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Femtosecond time-resolved phase-change microscopy and ablation threshold calculations to understand ultrafast laser ablation

El trabajo recoge experimentos realizados en una configuración sonda-prueba haciendo uso de un láser de femtosegundos, con el objetivo de comprender los fenómenos de ablación de materiales sólidos ras irradiación con láseres de pulso ultracorto.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

SYSTEMIC ADMINISTRATION OF EPOTHYLONE-D RECUES MEMORY AND AMELIORATES ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE-LIKE PATHOLOGY IN APP/PS1 MICE

Aims Cognitive and memory decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients is highly related to synaptic dysfunction and neuronal loss. Tau hyperphosphorylation destabilizes microtubules leading to axonal transport failure, accumulation of autophagy/vesicular material and the generation of dystrophic neurites, thus contributing to axonal/synaptic dysfunction. In this study, we analyzed the effect of a microtubule-stabilizing drug in the progression of the disease in an APP751SL/PS1M146L transgenic model. Method APP/PS1 mice (3 month-old) were weekly treated with 2 mg/kg intraperitoneal injections of Epothilone-D (Epo-D) for 3 months. Vehicle-injected animals were used as controls. For memory performance, animals were tested on the object-recognition tasks, Y-maze and Morris water maze. Levels of Abeta, ubiquitin, AT8 and synaptic markers were analyzed by Western-blot. Hippocampal plaque burden, dystrophic and synaptic loadings were quantified after immunostaining by image analysis. Results Epo-D treated mice showed a significant improvement in the performance of hippocampus-associated cognitive tests compared to controls. This memory recovery correlated with a significant reduction in the AD-like hippocampal pathology. Abeta, APP and ubiquitin levels were significantly reduced in treated animals, and a decrease in both the plaque loading and the axonal pathology was also found. Finally, synaptic levels were significantly preserved in treated animals in comparison with controls. Conclusion Epo-D treatment promotes synaptic and cognitive improvement, reduces the accumulation of extracellular Abeta and the associated neuritic pathology in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 model. Therefore, microtubule stabilizing drugs could be considered therapeutical candidates to slow down AD progression.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech. Supported by FIS-PI15/00796 (AG), FIS-PI15/00957(JV) and co-financed by FEDER funds from European Union

Accelerated mild heating of dry-cured ham by applying power ultrasound in a liquid medium

[EN] Mild thermal treatments could be considered a feasible technique with which to improve the texture of dry-cured ham. This study explores the feasibility of using power ultrasound (PuS) to intensify heat transfer during the mild thermal treatment of dry-cured ham immersed in a liquid medium. For that purpose, a temperature controlled ultrasonic bath was used to avoid the water temperature rise due to cavitation during ultrasonic application, which could mask the actual effect of ultrasound in heat transport mechanisms. Experiments were carried out using dry-cured ham slices (thickness 2 cm), which were heated at different temperatures (40, 45, 50 degrees C) with (PuS) and without (conventional mechanical stirring, CV) ultrasonic assistance. Temperature was monitored in the two main muscles of the ham (Biceps lemons and Semimembranosus) and in different positions of the slice. A model that considered heat transfer entirely controlled by conduction was chosen for describing heating kinetics and quantify the influence of temperature and ultrasonic application in the apparent thermal diffusivity. The heat conduction model proposed was adequate to describe both CV and PuS heating kinetics (VAR > 98.6%). Ultrasound application sped up the heat transfer by increasing the apparent thermal diffusivity up to 51%, but the higher the temperature, the lower the ultrasonic intensification. The apparent thermal diffusivities identified for the slices were satisfactorily validated (VAR > 98.4%) in independent experiments with ham cylinders. Therefore, PuS could be considered as an effective technology for the purposes of accelerating the heat transfer, thus shortening the heating time of dry-cured ham slices immersed in a liquid medium.The authors acknowledge the financial support from the "Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO), Instituto Nacional de Investigation y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)" in Spain, the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF 2014-2020) (Project RTA2013-00030-C03-02) and the PhD grant of M. Contreras from Universitat Politecnica de Valencia.Contreras-Ruiz, M.; Benedito Fort, JJ.; Bon Corbín, J.; Garcia-Perez, J. (2018). Accelerated mild heating of dry-cured ham by applying power ultrasound in a liquid medium. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies. 50:94-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifset.2018.10.010S941015

Intensification of heat transfer during mild thermal treatment of dry-cured ham by using airborne ultrasound

[EN] The application of power ultrasound (PuS) could be used as a novel technology with which to intensify thermal treatments using hot air. Mild thermal treatments have been applied to improve the soft texture of dry-cured ham caused by defective processing. In this regard, the aim of this study was to assess the kinetic intensification linked to the application of airborne PuS in the mild thermal treatment using hot air of dry-cured ham. For this purpose, vacuum packed cylindrical samples (2.52±0.11cm in diameter and 1.90±0.14cm in height) of dry-cured ham were heated using hot air at different temperatures (40, 45, 50°C) and air velocities (1, 2, 3, 4, 6m/s) with (22.3kHz, 50W) and without PuS application. Heat transfer was analyzed by considering that it was entirely controlled by conduction and the apparent thermal diffusivity was identified by fitting the model to the heating kinetics. The obtained results revealed that PuS application sped up the heat transfer, showing an increase in the apparent thermal diffusivity (up to 37%). The improvement in the apparent thermal diffusivity produced by PuS application was greater at high temperatures (50°C) but negligible at high air velocities (6m/s). Heating caused an increase in the hardness and elasticity of dry-cured ham, which would correct ham pastiness defects, while the influence of PuS on such textural parameters was negligible.The authors acknowledge financial support from the "Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO), the Institute Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)" in Spain, the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF 2014-2020) (Project RTA2013-00030-C03-02) and the PhD grant of M. Contreras from the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (Ref 2447 FPI-Programe 1-2015).Contreras-Ruiz, M.; Benedito Fort, JJ.; Bon Corbín, J.; Garcia-Perez, J. (2018). Intensification of heat transfer during mild thermal treatment of dry-cured ham by using airborne ultrasound. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry. 41:206-212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.09.019S2062124

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy with laser pulses in the interval between 35 fs – 4 ps

This works presents the laser ablation studies for metals such as Chromium, Titanium, Iron and Copper by ultrashort laser pulses under pulse-width from 35 fs to 4 ps.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec

Laser-Induced Plasma Spectroscopy Of Organic Compounds: Understanding Fragmentation Processes Using Ion-Photon Coincidence Measurements

Comunicación enviada a la 8th Euromditerranean Conference on Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy, presentada en forma de charla ora

Laser-induced breakdown spectrometry with laser pulses in femtoseconds to picoseconds regime and their influence on ablation quality

The communication is focused on the influence of the pulse width, ranging from femtosecond to picosecond, on the laser – matter interaction during laser ablation of solid materials. Modifications in the stretcher-compressor do allow the continuous selection of amplified pulses in the range between 35 fs to 4 ps. Time constants, fluence threshold, and multi-channel spectra have been measured out of the generated plasmas.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech. CTQ2017-82137-