16 research outputs found
Introgression of the sesquiterpene biosynthesis from <i>Solanum habrochaites</i> to cultivated tomato offers insights into trichome morphology and arthropod resistance
Loss of S-nitrosoglutathione reductase disturbs phytohormone homeostasis and regulates shoot side branching and fruit growth in tomato
S-Nitrosoglutathione plays a central role in nitric oxide (NO) homeostasis, and S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) regulates the cellular levels of S-nitrosoglutathione across kingdoms. Here, we investigated the role of endogenous NO in shaping shoot architecture and controlling fruit set and growth in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). SlGSNOR silencing promoted shoot side branching and led to reduced fruit size, negatively impacting fruit yield. Greatly intensified in slgsnor knockout plants, these phenotypical changes were virtually unaffected by SlGSNOR overexpression. Silencing or knocking out of SlGSNOR intensified protein tyrosine nitration and S-nitrosation and led to aberrant auxin production and signaling in leaf primordia and fruit-setting ovaries, besides restricting the shoot basipetal polar auxin transport stream. SlGSNOR deficiency triggered extensive transcriptional reprogramming at early fruit development, reducing pericarp cell proliferation due to restrictions on auxin, gibberellin, and cytokinin production and signaling. Abnormal chloroplast development and carbon metabolism were also detected in early-developing NO-overaccumulating fruits, possibly limiting energy supply and building blocks for fruit growth. These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms by which endogenous NO fine-tunes the delicate hormonal network controlling shoot architecture, fruit set, and post-anthesis fruit development, emphasizing the relevance of NO-auxin interaction for plant development and productivity.This work was supported by the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) (grants 16/02033-1, 16/01128-9 17/17935-3, 18/16389-8, 18/06436-9, 20/03720-8, 21/05714-8), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) (grants 422287/2018-0, 305012/2018-5), and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brasil (CAPES) – Finance Code 00
Taxa de multiplicação e efeito residual de diferentes fontes de citocinina no cultivo in vitro de Hancornia speciosa Gomes
Farmacobotânica, fitoquímica e farmacologia do Guaco: revisão considerando Mikania glomerata Sprengel e Mikania laevigata Schulyz Bip. ex Baker
In vitro multiplication of 'Flordaguard' rootstock: cytokinin source and concentration effects, explants orientation and period of permanence in the culture medium
Semi-determinate Growth Habit Adjusts The Vegetative-to-reproductive Balance And Increases Productivity And Water-use Efficiency In Tomato (solanum Lycopersicum)
Tomato (. Solanum lycopersicum) shows three growth habits: determinate, indeterminate and semi-determinate. These are controlled mainly by allelic variation in the SELF-PRUNING (. SP) gene family, which also includes the "florigen" gene SINGLE FLOWER TRUSS (. SFT). Determinate cultivars have synchronized flower and fruit production, which allows mechanical harvesting in the tomato processing industry, whereas indeterminate ones have more vegetative growth with continuous flower and fruit formation, being thus preferred for fresh market tomato production. The semi-determinate growth habit is poorly understood, although there are indications that it combines advantages of determinate and indeterminate growth. Here, we used near-isogenic lines (NILs) in the cultivar Micro-Tom (MT) with different growth habit to characterize semi-determinate growth and to determine its impact on developmental and productivity traits. We show that semi-determinate genotypes are equivalent to determinate ones with extended vegetative growth, which in turn impacts shoot height, number of leaves and either stem diameter or internode length. Semi-determinate plants also tend to increase the highly relevant agronomic parameter Brix. ×. ripe yield (BRY). Water-use efficiency (WUE), evaluated either directly as dry mass produced per amount of water transpired or indirectly through C isotope discrimination, was higher in semi-determinate genotypes. 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Mejoramiento de precisión para incrementar el contenido de licopeno en frutos de tomate. [Resumen]
El tomate es una hortaliza ampliamente consumida en la dieta y una de las principales fuentes de antioxidantes. Una estrategia para potenciar su capacidad antioxidante es promover la acumulación de licopeno
Introgression of the sesquiterpene biosynthesis from <i>Solanum habrochaites</i> to cultivated tomato offers insights into trichome morphology and arthropod resistance
MAIN CONCLUSION: Cultivated tomatoes harboring the plastid-derived sesquiterpenes from S. habrochaites have altered type-VI trichome morphology and unveil additional genetic components necessary for piercing-sucking pest resistance. ABSTRACT: Arthropod resistance in the tomato wild relative Solanum habrochaites LA1777 is linked to specific sesquiterpene biosynthesis. The Sesquiterpene synthase 2 (SsT2) gene cluster on LA1777 chromosome 8 controls plastid-derived sesquiterpene synthesis. The main genes at SsT2 are Z-prenyltransferase (zFPS) and Santalene and Bergamotene Synthase (SBS), which produce α-santalene, β-bergamotene, and α-bergamotene in LA1777 round-shaped type-VI glandular trichomes. Cultivated tomatoes have mushroom-shaped type-VI trichomes with much smaller glands that contain low levels of monoterpenes and cytosolic-derived sesquiterpenes, not presenting the same pest resistance as in LA1777. We successfully transferred zFPS and SBS from LA1777 to cultivated tomato (cv. Micro-Tom, MT) by a backcrossing approach. The trichomes of the MT-Sst2 introgressed line produced high levels of the plastid-derived sesquiterpenes. The type-VI trichome internal storage-cavity size increased in MT-Sst2, probably as an effect of the increased amount of sesquiterpenes, although it was not enough to mimic the round-shaped LA1777 trichomes. The presence of high amounts of plastid-derived sesquiterpenes was also not sufficient to confer resistance to various tomato piercing-sucking pests, indicating that the effect of the sesquiterpenes found in the wild S. habrochaites can be insect specific. Our results provide for a better understanding of the morphology of S. habrochaites type-VI trichomes and paves the way to obtain insect-resistant tomatoes. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00425-021-03651-y
Alelo con pérdida de función de un gen tipo TAC-1 (SlTAC1) localizado en el cromosoma 10 de tomate es candidato para el mutante Hoja Erecta (Erl). [Resumen]
La base genética del fenotipo hoja erecta fue investigada en distintas poblaciones, incluida la derivada de Solanum lycopersicum 'LT05' (con hoja erecta y maduración uniforme, genotipo uu) × S. pimpinelifollium 'TO-937' (con fenotipo de hoja salvaje o normal y fruta con hombros verdes, genotipo UU)