Nuevo enfoque en el desarrollo de un sistema de información de imágenes médicas : una herramienta de apoyo a la toma de decisión clínica

[Resumen] En los últimos años, la implantación del estándar DICOM, la evolución de Internet y las continuas mejoras y avances en la tecnología ha provocado un aumento en el número de PACS instalados en los centros hospitalarios. Estas soluciones todavía presentan ciertos problemas: i) arquitectura no modular ii) interfaces no ergonómicos iii) dificultad para seguir el historial clínico del paciente así como su integración en HIS, RIS iv) escasez o ausencia de módulos de análisis estadístico y de procesado v) no disponibilidad de APls vi) dificultades para el cumplimiento de las normativas referentes al tratamiento de datos sanitarios informatizados Todos estos problemas son originados, fundamentalmente, por la inexistencia de una arquitectura definida y la utilización de soluciones propietarias en aquellos aspectos no definidos por DICOM. En este trabajo se presenta un nuevo enfoque para el desarrollo de un sistema de información de imágenes médicas que no presente los problemas anteriormente mencionados. Se trata de una nueva aportación al proceso evolutivo de los PACS, al definirse un modelo arquitectónico priamidal basado en capas. Se han identificado cuatro capas: red y adquisición; almacenamiento; procesado y análisis; y sistema apoyo a la toma de decisión clínica. El flujo de información en el sistema viene contextualizado espacial y temporalmente por los propios datos y análisis realizados a los mismos. La base de la pirámide representa la totalidad de los datos, mientras que la cima es el resultado del procesado y análisis de dichos datos, constituyendo la información útil para la toma de decisión clínica. Cada capa representa una abstracción en el proceso de análisis de la información y proporciona una interfaz a la capa inmediatamente superior. Para cada una de las mismas se estudian además los estándares que deben ser utilizados. La interacción con otros sistemas, tanto homogéneos como heterogéneos, se realiza mediante una comunicación con otros sistemas intra y inter hospitalarios que soporten los estándares abiertos. La seguridad es un aspecto que involucra a todas las capas del sistema. Desde las transmisiones seguras el almacenamiento fiable y tolerante a fallos hasta el control de acceso a los datos y la definición de políticas de seguridad con diferentes categorías de privilegios.[Resumen] En los últimos años, la implantación del estándar DICOM, la evolución de Internet y las continuas mejoras y avances en la tecnología ha provocado un aumento en el número de PACS instalados en los centros hospitalarios. Estas soluciones todavía presentan ciertos problemas: i) arquitectura no modular ii) interfaces no ergonómicos iii) dificultad para seguir el historial clínico del paciente así como su integración en HIS, RIS iv) escasez o ausencia de módulos de análisis estadístico y de procesado v) no disponibilidad de APls vi) dificultades para el cumplimiento de las normativas referentes al tratamiento de datos sanitarios informatizados Todos estos problemas son originados, fundamentalmente, por la inexistencia de una arquitectura definida y la utilización de soluciones propietarias en aquellos aspectos no definidos por DICOM. En este trabajo se presenta un nuevo enfoque para el desarrollo de un sistema de información de imágenes médicas que no presente los problemas anteriormente mencionados. Se trata de una nueva aportación al proceso evolutivo de los PACS, al definirse un modelo arquitectónico priamidal basado en capas. Se han identificado cuatro capas: red y adquisición; almacenamiento; procesado y análisis; y sistema apoyo a la toma de decisión clínica. El flujo de información en el sistema viene contextualizado espacial y temporalmente por los propios datos y análisis realizados a los mismos. La base de la pirámide representa la totalidad de los datos, mientras que la cima es el resultado del procesado y análisis de dichos datos, constituyendo la información útil para la toma de decisión clínica. Cada capa representa una abstracción en el proceso de análisis de la información y proporciona una interfaz a la capa inmediatamente superior. Para cada una de las mismas se estudian además los estándares que deben ser utilizados. La interacción con otros sistemas, tanto homogéneos como heterogéneos, se realiza mediante una comunicación con otros sistemas intra y inter hospitalarios que soporten los estándares abiertos. La seguridad es un aspecto que involucra a todas las capas del sistema. Desde las transmisiones seguras el almacenamiento fiable y tolerante a fallos hasta el control de acceso a los datos y la definición de políticas de seguridad con diferentes categorías de privilegios

Gamificación e interactividade nas aulas da UDC

[Resumo] Este traballo xestouse no Grupo de Innovación Educativa “Gamificación e interactividade nas aulas” da Universidade da Coruña. Como principal obxectivo planeouse determinar o potencial da creación de contidos interactivos dentro das presentacións de diferentes materias mediante tecnoloxías coma os clickers on-line e ferramentas de gamificación para captar a atención do alumnado. A comunicación presenta os resultados do emprego das enquisas online e en tempo real, a través de diversas aplicacións, coma AnswerGarden, Kahoot e Mentimeter. A metodoloxía interactiva aplicouse en materias do Grao en Terapia Ocupacional e na Universidade Sénior da Universidade da Coruña. Os participantes activos inclúen aos propios docentes, estudantes xoves (entre 19 e 25 anos) e persoas maiores de 50 anos (Universidade Sénior). Os estudantes de 2º e 3º de Terapia Ocupacional (n=105) participaron nas enquisas (media de 6 consultas online por materia). Na Universidade Sénior, 30 estudantes reflectiron as súas percepcións sobre diferentes temáticas como saúde, benestar e envecellemento e manifestaron os coñecementos acadados sobre o uso das TIC. Nesta primeira experiencia, comprobouse que a gamificación pode ser aplicada nos contornos universitarios con diferentes grupos de estudantes. A participación e visualización dos resultados prodúcese en tempo real, ofrecendo unha retroalimentación inmediata e contribuíndo á aprendizaxe de contidos específicos[Abstract] The present work was created by Group of Educative Innovation “Gamification and interactivity in classrooms” of Universidade da Coruña. The main proposal was to determine the potential derivate from the creation of interactive contains on presentation of few subjects through technologies. One example of that is the use of clickers online and tools for gamification to get the attention from students. The paper presents the results from the use of online and on time enquires through diverse applications, like AnswerGarden, Kahoot and Mentimeter. The interactive methodology was applied in subjects of Degree in Occupational Therapy and of Senior University. The active participants were the own teachers, young students (19 – 25 years old) and people with more than 50 years (Senior University). The students from 2 and 3 course of Occupational Therapy (n=105) participated on enquires (main of 6 consults by subject). In Senior University, 30 students reflected their perceptions about different subjects, as health, wellbeing and aging, and exposed their own knowledge about ICT. In that first experience, authors checked that gamification can be applied along universities contexts with different groups of students. The participation and display of results occur in real time, offering an immediate feedback and contributing to the knowledge of specific contain

The Influence of Immersive Environments on the Empathy Construct about Schizophrenia

[Abstract] This work explores the potential of the use of interactive and immersive technologies to create impactful experiences that generate emotions, contributing to the process of activation or somatic excitation that triggers links that strengthen cognitive functions. It is intended to demonstrate to what extent the use of immersive environments, by generating a strong emotional load, contribute in a more effective way to the empathy construct about Schizophrenia

Assistive technology based on client-centered for occupational performance in neuromuscular conditions

[Abstract] Knowledge of the patient’s own perception of functioning and dependence, and of environmental factors, is of significant value. The main goals of this study are (1) to obtain a general profile of the occupational performance of persons with neuromuscular disorders (NMD) and their needs related to that performance and (2) to determine the support resources (assistive technologies [AT], adjustment, and/or caregiver) required to improve or maintain their level of independence. This cross-sectional study involved 24 persons with NMD. The functional independence measure (FIM), the checklist of a home’s accessibility level, and a specific questionnaire were administered. The sample included 14 women (58.3%) and 10 men (41.7%). A mean of 61.7 (standard deviation=17.2) was obtained for FIM motor, over 91, indicating a moderate level of dependence. The AT most frequently used was a wheelchair (70.8%). Architectural barriers were detected in the majority of users’ homes (87.5%). Concise assessment of the independence needs of people with NMD, according to their occupational performance, and prescription of resources to meet those needs are required. This procedure should be implemented in healthcare programs, including care to a caregiver

BiOSS: A system for biomedical ontology selection

In biomedical informatics, ontologies are considered a key technology for annotating, retrieving and sharing the huge volume of publicly available data. Due to the increasing amount, complexity and variety of existing biomedical ontologies, choosing the ones to be used in a semantic annotation problem or to design a specific application is a difficult task. As a consequence, the design of approaches and tools addressed to facilitate the selection of biomedical ontologies is becoming a priority. In this paper we present BiOSS, a novel system for the selection of biomedical ontologies. BiOSS evaluates the adequacy of an ontology to a given domain according to three different criteria: (1) the extent to which the ontology covers the domain; (2) the semantic richness of the ontology in the domain; (3) the popularity of the ontology in the biomedical community. BiOSS has been applied to 5 representative problems of ontology selection. It also has been compared to existing methods and tools. Results are promising and show the usefulness of BiOSS to solve real-world ontology selection problems. BiOSS is openly available both as a web tool and a web service.Instituto de Salud Carlos III; FIS-PI10/02180Galicia. Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria; CN2012/217Galicia. Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria; CN2011/034Galicia. Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria; CN2012/211Programa Iberoamericano de Ciencia y Tecnología para el Desarrollo; ref. 209RT036

Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Preliminary Validation of the European Spanish Version of the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ–ES)

[Abstract] Importance: The Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ) is the most widely used measure of difficulties with activities of daily living and academic performance in children with developmental coordination disorder, but this tool has not been adapted for use in Spain. Objective: To translate and cross-culturally adapt the DCDQ into European Spanish (DCDQ-ES) for use in assessing motor coordination in Spanish children. Design: Cross-cultural adaptation and preliminary validation study. Setting: Community and mainstream schools in Spain. Participants: A committee of five experts oversaw the cross-cultural adaptation process. A community-based convenience sample of 31 parents of children ages 5-14 yr was used to test the comprehensibility of the DCDQ-ES. Preliminary reliability was tested with 35 randomly selected parents of children ages 6-12 yr. Outcomes and Measures: The DCDQ was translated into European Spanish and cross-culturally adapted following international guidelines. Comprehensibility was assessed using cognitive debriefing interviews. The final version of the DCDQ-ES was used for the reliability analysis. Results: Cultural relevance and equivalence and idiomatic differences between the DCDQ and DCDQ-ES were evaluated. Comprehensibility analysis led to minor modifications that facilitated comprehension and interpretation. Internal consistency and homogeneity of the DCDQ-ES were good (Cronbach's a =.857, corrected item-total correlations = .268 - .692). Conclusions and Relevance: The DCDQ-ES is conceptually and semantically equivalent to DCDQ and was successfully cross-culturally adapted for the European Spanish context. Preliminary data suggest that the DCDQ-ES is a reliable measure of motor coordination in Spanish children. What This Article Adds: This study provides evidence of the cultural equivalence of the DCDQ-ES for use with Spanish children. Occupational therapists in Spain can use the DCDQ-ES to evaluate children's motor coordination difficulties in everyday activities.Xunta de Galicia; IN852A 2016/10Xunta de Galicia; R2014/039Xunta de Galicia; ED431G/0

Interactive Virtual Reality Public Speaking Training Simulator to Empower Confident Communicators

Cursos e Congresos, C-155[Abstract] Public speaking is a valuable skill that plays a crucial role in personal, academic and professional success. Many individuals struggle with anxiety and lack confidence when facing an audience. To address this challenge, a virtual reality public speaking simulator has been developed to empower individuals and enhance their public speaking abilities. The virtual reality simulator offers a dynamic platform for immersive practice and training, incorporating distinct modes. Autonomous mode and interactive real-time intervention by physiological biofeedback mechanism and/or a therapist. By leveraging the immersive nature of virtual reality, this simulator aims to boost users confidence, enhance their articulation, persuasion skills and foster their ability to connect with diverse audiencesCITIC is funded by the Xunta de Galicia through the collaboration agreement between the Consellería de Cultura, Educación, Formación Profesional e Universidades and the Galician universities for the reinforcement of the research centres of the Galician University System (CIGUS

Personalized Virtual Reality Environments for Intervention with People with Disability

[Abstract] Background: Virtual reality (VR) is a technological resource that allows the generation of an environment of great realism while achieving user immersion. The purpose of this project is to use VR as a complementary tool in the rehabilitation process of people with physical and cognitive disabilities. An approach based on performing activities of daily living is proposed. Methods: Through joint work between health and IT professionals, the VR scenarios and skills to be trained are defined. We organized discussion groups in which health professionals and users with spinal injury, stroke, or cognitive impairment participated. A testing phase was carried out, followed by a qualitative perspective. As materials, Unity was used as a development platform, HTC VIVE as a VR system, and Leap Motion as a hand tracking device and as a means of interacting with the scenarios. Results: A VR application was developed, consisting of four scenarios that allow for practicing different activities of daily living. Three scenarios are focused on hand mobility rehabilitation, while the remaining scenario is intended to work on a cognitive skill related to the identification of elements to perform a task. Conclusions: Performing activities of daily living using VR environments provides an enjoyable, motivating, and safe means of rehabilitation in the daily living process of people with disabilities and is a valuable source of information for healthcare professionals to assess a patient’s evolution.The APC was funded by the National Program of R + D+i oriented to the Challenges of Society 2019 (coordinated research) Grant number: PID2019-104323RB-C33. Ministry of science and innovation.The APC was funded by the National Program of R + D+i oriented to the Challenges of Society 2019 (coordinated research) Grant number: PID2019-104323RB-C33. Ministry of science and innovation. The research was done in the Center CITIC, which is a Research Center accredited by Galician University System (Xunta de Galicia). CITIC is partly supported by “Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Universidades from Xunta de Galicia”, which provided 80% of funds through ERDF Funds, ERDF Operational Programme Galicia 2014-2020, and the remaining 20% was provided by “Secretaría Xeral de Universidades [Grant ED431G 2019/01]Xunta de Galicia; ED431G 2019/0

The iOSC3 system: using ontologies and SWRL rules for intelligent supervision and care of patients with acute cardiac disorders

[Abstract] Physicians in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) are specially trained to deal constantly with very large and complex quantities of clinical data and make quick decisions as they face complications. However, the amount of information generated and the way the data are presented may overload the cognitive skills of even experienced professionals and lead to inaccurate or erroneous actions that put patients’ lives at risk. In this paper, we present the design, development, and validation of iOSC3, an ontology-based system for intelligent supervision and treatment of critical patients with acute cardiac disorders. The system analyzes the patient’s condition and provides a recommendation about the treatment that should be administered to achieve the fastest possible recovery. If the recommendation is accepted by the doctor, the system automatically modifies the quantity of drugs that are being delivered to the patient. The knowledge base is constituted by an OWL ontology and a set of SWRL rules that represent the expert’s knowledge. iOSC3 has been developed in collaboration with experts from the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit (CICU) of the Meixoeiro Hospital, one of the most significant hospitals in the northwest region of Spain.Instituto de Salud Carlos III; FIS-PI10/02180Programa Iberoamericano de Ciencia y Tecnología para el Desarrollo; 209RT0366Galicia. Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria; CN2012/217Xunta. Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria; CN2011/034Galicia. Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria; CN2012/21