Piecewise smooth stationary Euler flows with compact support via overdetermined boundary problems

We construct new stationary weak solutions of the 3D Euler equation with compact support. The solutions, which are piecewise smooth and discontinuous across a surface, are axisymmetric with swirl. The range of solutions we find is different from, and larger than, the family of smooth stationary solutions recently obtained by Gavrilov and Constantin-La-Vicol; in particular, these solutions are not localizable. A key step in the proof is the construction of solutions to an overdetermined elliptic boundary value problem where one prescribes both Dirichlet and (nonconstant) Neumann data

Media reform demands and populist moment. Circulation of media democratization proposals In the post-bipartisan political landscape

Para analizar la eficacia del activismo para la democratización de los medios, esta comunicación aborda primeramente una caracterización del contexto político en términos de momento populista. Tras analizar las lógicas que fundamentan las intervenciones políticas exitosas en este tipo de escenarios, como la articulación de demandas inatendidas, se evalúa la visibilidad de las principales demandas reconocibles en la actual esfera pública, y la de los sujetos que las sustentan, así como su capacidad para constituir controversias o incidir en la agenda política parlamentaria. Como conclusión, se aportan sugerencias para la articulación de demandas visibles y la optimización de dicha incidencia.In order to assess the effectiveness of media activism, this paper first addresses the conceptualization of the present political context as a populist moment. After analyzing the logics that lay the foundation of political intervention in such contexts, such as the articulation of unsatisfied demands, it evaluates the visibility of the main perceptible demands in the contemporaneous public sphere, and that of the subjects that support them, along with their ability to produce controversies and impact parliamentary agenda. As a conclusion, some elements for the articulation of visible demands and optimization of such impact will be suggested

Journalistic Independence and Public Funds: Institutional Social Communication as a Distortion of Competition in the Information Market

This research focuses on the scientific and journalistic controversies about the effects of the budget that the Spanish administration uses for institutional social communication through the media, as a potential distortion for fair competitiveness in the journalistic market. We expose the problem and then review the discourses about this phenomenon in both the academic literature and mainstream newspapers. When we compare the coverage made by traditional newspapers and the native digital media, we identify a lack of attention both in established mainstream journalism and in academic research, in contrast with the strong criticism within these recently created digital newspapers. This observation converges with the fact that the mainstream press receives much more funding from regional and national governments, becoming much more dependent on the administration

Optimal and Robust Control of Atmospheric Reentry Trajectories

Reentering the Earth’s atmosphere is one of the most difficult phases of any spaceship’s mission. During reentry, following an optimal trajectory in terms of minimal heating rate, dynamic pressure, and maximum deceleration is vital to the mission’s success. This dissertation proposes a novel design for a controller based on H8 control methods, with the goal of achieving optimal and robust control for a Reentry Lifting Vehicle. This dissertation begins by summarizing the theory and history behind the Shuttle Space Program, including the planning of its trajectories and descriptions of the Reentry Flight Dynamics Model. The analysis of the obtained reference trajectory will follow and the comparison of it to a real shuttle trajectory will be made. The design and configuration of the H8 controller comes after, beginning with the linearization of the obtained system in the previous step and ending with the recalculation of vehicle state variables after its application. The disturbance is then applied and the results of the actuation of the controller are displayed. The H8 controller for Reentry Lifting Vehicle proves itself to be a useful application presenting satisfying and significant results in this critical phase of flight.A reentrada na atmosfera terrestre é uma das fases mais difíceis da missão de qualquer nave espacial. Durante a reentrada, seguir uma trajectória óptima em termos de taxa mínima de aquecimento, pressão dinâmica e maáxima desaceleração é vital para o sucesso da missão. Esta dissertação propõe o design de um controlador baseado em métodos de H8, com o objectivo de alcançar um controlo óptimo e robusto para um Veículo de Reentrada na atmosfera capaz de produzir sustentação. Esta dissertação começa com um resumo da teoria e história por detrás do Programa Espacial do Vaivém, incluindo o planeamento de trajectórias e descrições do Modelo de Dinâmica de Voo de Reentrada. A análise da trajectória de referência obtida seguir­se­á e será feita a sua comparação com uma trajectória real do vaivém. A concepção e configuração do controlador H8 virá depois, começando com a linearização do sistema obtida no passo anterior e terminando com o recálculo das variáveis de estado do veículo após a sua aplicação. A perturbação é então aplicada e os resultados do accionamento do controlador são exibidos. O controlador H8 para Veículo de Reentrada capaz de produzir Sustentação mostrou ser uma aplicação útil apresentando resultados satisfatórios e significativos nesta fase crítica de voo

Characterizing projections among positive operators in the unit sphere

Let E and P be subsets of a Banach space X, and let us define the unit sphere around E in P as the set Sph(E; P) := {x is an element of P : parallel to x - b parallel to = 1 for all b is an element of E}. Given a C*-algebra A and a subset E subset of A; we shall write Sph(+) (E) or Sph(A)(+) (E) for the set Sph(E; S(A(+))); where S(A(+)) denotes the unit sphere of A(+). We prove that, for every complex Hilbert space H, the following statements are equivalent for every positive element a in the unit sphere of B(H): (a) a is a projection; (b) Sph(B)((H))(+) (Sph(B)((H))(+) ({a})) = {a}. We also prove that the equivalence remains true when B(H) is replaced with an atomic von Neumann algebra or with K(H-2), where H-2 is an infinite-dimensional and separable complex Hilbert space

Preservers of Triple Transition Pseudo-Probabilities in Connection with Orthogonality Preservers and Surjective Isometries

We prove that every bijection preserving triple transition pseudoprobabilities between the sets of minimal tripotents of two atomic JBW ∗ - triples automatically preserves orthogonality in both directions. Consequently, each bijection preserving triple transition pseudo-probabilities between the sets of minimal tripotents of two atomic JBW ∗ -triples is precisely the restriction of a (complex-)linear triple isomorphism between the corresponding JBW ∗ -triples. This result can be regarded as triple version of the celebrated Wigner theorem for Wigner symmetries on the posets of minimal projections in B(H). We also present a Tingley type theorem by proving that every surjective isometry between the sets of minimal tripotents in two atomic JBW ∗ -triples admits an extension to a real linear surjective isometry between these two JBW ∗ -triples. We also show that the class of surjective isometries between the sets of minimal tripotents in two atomic JBW ∗ -triples is, in general, strictly wider than the set of bijections preserving triple transition pseudo-probabilities.Universidad de Granada/CBUAERDF/Ministry of Science and Innovation -State Research Agency PID2021-122126NB-C31Junta de Andalucia FQM375 PY20 00255IMAG-Maria de Maeztu Grant CEX2020-001105-M/AE

Bacteriófagos e a microbiota intestinal

Trabalho Final de Mestrado Integrado, Ciências Farmacêuticas, 2022, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia.O corpo humano constitui um habitat para uma multitude de microrganismos, nomeadamente bactérias, vírus e fungos, entre outros, no seu conjunto designado por microbiota humana. Os bacteriófagos, vírus que infetam bactérias, representam a maior porção da microbiota humana e são particularmente importantes no intestino onde, em conjunto com bactérias, desempenham variados papéis, alguns benéficos para o hospedeiro humano. No intestino humano encontram-se principalmente bacteriófagos pertencentes à ordem Caudovirales, composta pelas famílias Myoviridae, Siphoviridae e Podoviridae. Também no intestino, os filos bacterianos predominantes incluem Firmicutes e Bacteroidetes, que englobam os géneros Lactobacillus, Bacillus, Clostridioides, Enterococcus, Ruminococcus, Bacteroides e Prevotella. Um desequilíbrio destas entidades, quer em relação uma a outra quer fora dos seus parâmetros normais (por exemplo, diminuição da população bacteriana devido a uma terapia antibiótica prolongada e descontrolada), resulta em disbiose. A disbiose intestinal prolongada pode estar envolvida em condições patológicas, das quais as mais relevantes são: (i) diabetes mellitus tipo 1 e tipo 2; (ii) Doença Inflamatória Intestinal; (iii) Doença de Crohn; (iv) Colite Ulcerosa; (v) Infeção por Clostridioides difficile; e (vi) cancro colorretal. Nos últimos anos, os microrganismos intestinais ganharam grande relevância devido à sua capacidade de regular o sistema nervoso central, numa via denominada Eixo Intestino-Microbiota-Cérebro. Através de mecanismos diretos e indiretos, bacteriófagos e bactérias intestinais podem modelar positivamente funções cerebrais e até alterar o curso de algumas patologias neurodegenerativas, nomeadamente doença de Alzheimer, doença de Parkinson e perturbações do espectro do autismo. O aumento da investigação neste campo tem reforçado a teoria de que, para além de estarem envolvidos no desenvolvimento de doenças, os bacteriófagos também podem atuar como instrumentos para melhorar a saúde humana. Embora nos últimos anos o conhecimento sobre bacteriófagos, especialmente os bacteriófagos intestinais, tenha vindo a aumentar, ainda há muito a saber sobre o seu papel exato na saúde humana e ainda é necessária investigação que permita apoiar a sua validade como estratégias terapêuticas.The human body comprises a habitat for a plethora of microorganisms, referred to as Human microbiota, which comprises bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other microorganisms. Bacteriophages, viruses that infect bacteria, represent the largest portion of the human microbiota and are particularly important in the human gut where, along with bacteria, carry out several roles which can be beneficial to the human host. The predominant bacteriophages in the human gut belong to the order Caudovirales, comprising the Myoviridae, Siphoviridae, and Podoviridae families. Also in the gut, the most predominant bacterial phyla include Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, encompassing the Lactobacillus, Bacillus, Clostridioides, Enterococcus, Ruminococcus, Bacteroides, and Prevotella genera. An imbalance in these entities, either in relation to oneanother or outside their normal parameters (for example, decrease of the bacterial population due to prolonged and uncontrolled antibiotic therapy), results in dysbiosis. Prolonged gut dysbiosis can be involved in pathological conditions, from which the most relevant are: (i) type-1 and type-2 diabetes mellitus; (ii) Inflammatory Bowel Disease; (iii) Crohn’s Disease; (iv) Ulcerative Colitis; (v) Clostridioides difficile infection; and (vi) colorectal cancer. In recent years, gut microbes have garnered great relevance due to their ability to regulate the central nervous system, in a pathway denominated Gut-Microbiota-Brain Axis. Through both direct and indirect mechanisms bacteriophages and bacteria can positively alter brain functions and even change the course of some neurodegenerative diseases, namely Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease and Autism Spectrum Disorder. Increasing research on this field further supports the theory that, besides being involved in the development of diseases, bacteriophages can also act as tools for improving human health. Although in recent years, knowledge in the field of bacteriophages, especially gut bacteriophages, has been increasing, there is still much to be known about their exact role in human health and more studies need be outlined to support therapeutic validity

As Estações Municipais de Castela-La Mancha

This article focuses on Public Local Radio, taking the province of Castilla-La Mancha as a case study, to evaluate the impact that digital tools have generated in their communication environment. Conceived to offer a local public service, the obstacles encountered in using available means are explored. A mixed methodology is applied, combining quantitative (exploitation of the public database and telephone questionnaire) with qualitative methods (semi-structured interviews with the persons in charge of the radios). The results allow us to conclude in the following terms: the Public Local Radio sector in Castilla-La Mancha is characterized by a great vulnerability, despite the fundamental role that they play in proximity communication. Of the 108 granted licenses, only 37% are operational. The frequencies are underused and, in many cases, misused. Apart from some exceptions, there is a low level of digitization of content and "exploitation" of digital resources. However, beyond the use of tools that have arisen from the impact of online radio, virtual social networks and the use of podcasting, this study allows us to conclude that Local Radios promote the associative and collaborative net of municipalities, as well as their social cohesion.Este artículo pone su foco de atención en las Emisoras Municipales (EMs), y en concreto en el estudio de caso de Castilla-La Mancha. El objetivo es evaluar el impacto que las herramientas digitales han generado en su entorno comunicativo. Concebidas para ofrecer un servicio público de proximidad, se exploran los obstáculos que se encuentran para usar los medios disponibles. Se aplica una metodología mixta, cuantitativa —explotación de base de datos pública y cuestionario telefónico— y cualitativa —entrevistas semi-estructuradas a las personas al cargo de las radios—. Los resultados permiten concluir en los siguientes términos: el sector de las EMs en Castilla-La Mancha se caracteriza por una gran vulnerabilidad, a pesar del papel fundamental que juega en la comunicación de proximidad. De las 108 concedidas, solo un 37% están operativas. Las frecuencias de EMs están infrautilizadas y, en muchos casos, indebidamente empleadas. Al margen de algunas excepciones, existe un bajo nivel de la digitalización de contenidos y de “explotación” de los recursos digitales. Ahora bien, más allá del uso de las herramientas sobrevenidas por el impacto de la radio on line, las redes sociales virtuales y el uso del podcasting, este estudio permite concluir que las EMs fomentan el tejido asociativo y colaborativo de los municipios, así como su cohesión social.Este artigo concentra-se nas Estações Municipais (EMs) e, especificamente, no estudo de caso de Castilla-La Mancha. O objetivo é avaliar o impacto que as ferramentas digitais têm gerado em seu ambiente de comunicação. Concebido para oferecer um serviço público local, são explorados os obstáculos encontrados na utilização dos meios disponíveis. É aplicada uma metodologia mista, quantitativa —exploração de banco de dados público e questionário telefônico— e qualitativa —entrevistas semiestruturadas com os responsáveis ​​pelas rádios. Os resultados permitem-nos concluir nos seguintes termos: o setor de MS em Castilla-La Mancha é caracterizado por uma grande vulnerabilidade, apesar do papel fundamental que desempenha na comunicação de proximidade. Dos 108 outorgados, apenas 37% estão em operação. As frequências dos EMs são subutilizadas e, em muitos casos, mal utilizadas. Salvo algumas exceções, há um baixo nível de digitalização de conteúdo e "exploração" de recursos digitais. Agora, para além da utilização de ferramentas que decorrem do impacto da rádio online, das redes sociais virtuais e do uso do podcasting, este estudo permite concluir que os EM promovem o tecido associativo e colaborativo dos municípios, bem como a sua coesão social. &nbsp

The alternative Dunford-Pettis property on projective tensor products

A Banach space X has the Dunford–Pettis property (DPP) if and only if whenever (xn) and (pn) are weakly null sequences in X and X*, respectively, we have pn(xn)→ 0. Freedman introduced a stricly weaker version of the DPP called the alternative Dunford–Pettis property (DP1). A Banach space X has the DP1 if whenever xn ! x weakly in X, with kxnk = kxk, and (xn) is weakly null in X*, we have that xn(xn)→ 0. The authors study the DP1 on projective tensor products of C*-algebras and JB*-triples. Their main result, Theorem 3.5, states that if X and Y are Banach spaces such that X contains an isometric copy of c0 and Y contains an isometric copy of C[0, 1], then Xˆ_Y , the projective tensor product of X and Y , does not have the DP1. As a corollary, they get that if X and Y are JB*-triples such that X is not reflexive and Y contains `1, then Xˆ_Y does not have the DP1. Furthermore, if A and B are infinite-dimensional C*-algebras, then Aˆ_B has the DPP if and only if Aˆ_B has the DP1 if and only if both A and B have the DPP and do not contain `1