Effect of Attending Doctor Changes on Orthodontic Treatment Times and Results

Introduction: The objective of this study was to determine if there was any significant difference in treatment time or results due to varying levels of attending doctor coverage in the Loma Linda University (LLU) graduate orthodontics clinic. Methods and Materials: The main study group of 191 subjects was split into high, medium and low coverage groups by primary attending doctor coverage and then by original attending doctor coverage. Treatment times, treatment results, and other variables were evaluated for each of the groups. Treatment results were evaluated using UK Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) scores. A second study group (289 subjects) included an additional 98 subjects who met all of the inclusion criteria but lacked PAR scores. Statistical tests included one-way ANOVA and Pearson Correlation. Results: No statistically significant differences were found in treatment time (P ≥0.128) or results (P ≥0.052). There were no statistically significant differences in the mean scores for T1 PAR (P ≥0.056), T2 PAR (P ≥0.602), patient age at T1 (P ≥0.747), total appointments (P ≥0.128), missed appointments (P ≥0.050), or cancelled appointments (P ≥0.183). When the main subject group was divided into thirds by T1 PAR (low, medium, and high T1 PAR), there were statistically significant differences in percent change in PAR (P =0.000), treatment time (P =0.008), and the percent of primary attending coverage (P =0.001) between the low T1 PAR and the medium T1 PAR groups as well as between the low T1 PAR and high T1 PAR groups. In the second study group (n =289), T1 PAR was weakly correlated with treatment time (r=0.280) and with appointment number (r =0.248). Treatment time was strongly correlated with the number of appointments (r =0.822), and moderately correlated with missed appointments (r =0.333). Subjects who had treatment involving the extraction of permanent teeth had longer treatment times (P =0.003), but had no statistically significant differences in results (as measured by percent change in PAR score) (P =0.454). Conclusions: This study shows that variation in attending doctor coverage in the LLU graduate orthodontic clinic does not lengthen time of orthodontic treatment or reduce the quality of treatment results

Introduction of the viol into sixteenth-century France: perspectives on the cultural integration of musical instruments

This dissertation investigates the introduction and development of a musical instrument, the viola da gamba (viol), in sixteenth-century France by articulating the wider cultural consequences of introducing new musical instruments from one culture to another. The research examines cultural exchange with foreign courts, the effects of patronage, social perceptions and changing attitudes during the introduction of the viol into France. Using the viol as a focal point to explore Renaissance material culture, this thesis is an interdisciplinary study into music, art, language and terminology, foreign connections and cultural interaction. Each chapter focuses on a different aspect of the viol’s introduction, development and establishment into sixteenth-century France. Rare archival sources, visual media and printed books never before connected to the viol have been identified and analysed to construct a detailed framework of the social, artistic and musical culture within which the viol was used. The five chapters explore professional viol use in the royal court and regional areas, artistic representations of the viol, triumphal entries and festivals, the changing role of viol players from professional to amateur and the viol in sixteenth-century instrument making. The appendices include a catalogue of images depicting the viol in French visual media, identifying allegorical and religious associations, making foreign connections, exploring methods of artistic creation and analysing physical depictions

Madrigales y clavicordios. Algunos problemas terminológicos en torno a la música española del Siglo de Oro

Ce chapitre propose une réflexion autour de la transmission des termes musicaux « historiques » en espagnol à travers deux cas d’étude : les mots madrigal et clavicorde. Cette analyse permettra d’étudier à la fois leur usage courant ou singulier, ainsi que leur transmission et transformation au cours de l’histoire, depuis la période que l’on a l’habitude de nommer Renaissance jusqu’à nos jours, étant donné les difficultés que l’usage de ces mots comporte aujourd’hui

A hidden history

The Cultural Collections Audit project began at the University of Edinburgh in 2004, searching for hidden treasures in its 'distributed heritage collections' across the university. The objects and collections recorded in the Audit ranged widely from fine art and furniture to historical scientific and teaching equipment and personalia relating to key figures in the university's long tradition of academic excellence. This information was gathered in order to create a central database of information, to identify objects in vulnerable or dangerous situations, to identify items that require conservation, and for insurance purposes. The response of colleagues in all areas of the university has been overwhelmingly positive. The Audit has proved successful in raising awareness of collections and collections issues both within the university and with the national media, instilling a sense of pride among non-museums university staff who have tirelessly safeguarded these heritage collections despite ongoing pressure to downsize. The Audit highlighted a number of issues in the university's non-formal collections including environmental conditions, departmental relocations, object conditions, security, insurance, storage and long-term preservation. With the positive support and specialist knowledge of established contacts in every department of the university, the Audit worked to bring these collections and issues to light by acting as a resource for information, identifying vulnerable items and challenge areas, and by celebrating the university's rich object history through an online website dedicated to the Audit. This paper details the challenges identified by the Cultural Audit, and gives examples of positive solutions that enable preservation while promoting pride in academic excellence and innovation