A Next-Generation Liquid Xenon Observatory for Dark Matter and Neutrino Physics

The nature of dark matter and properties of neutrinos are among the mostpressing issues in contemporary particle physics. The dual-phase xenontime-projection chamber is the leading technology to cover the availableparameter space for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), whilefeaturing extensive sensitivity to many alternative dark matter candidates.These detectors can also study neutrinos through neutrinoless double-beta decayand through a variety of astrophysical sources. A next-generation xenon-baseddetector will therefore be a true multi-purpose observatory to significantlyadvance particle physics, nuclear physics, astrophysics, solar physics, andcosmology. This review article presents the science cases for such a detector.<br

A next-generation liquid xenon observatory for dark matter and neutrino physics

The nature of dark matter and properties of neutrinos are among the most pressing issues in contemporary particle physics. The dual-phase xenon time-projection chamber is the leading technology to cover the available parameter space for weakly interacting massive particles, while featuring extensive sensitivity to many alternative dark matter candidates. These detectors can also study neutrinos through neutrinoless double-beta decay and through a variety of astrophysical sources. A next-generation xenon-based detector will therefore be a true multi-purpose observatory to significantly advance particle physics, nuclear physics, astrophysics, solar physics, and cosmology. This review article presents the science cases for such a detector

RF Heat Load Compensation for the European XFEL

The European XFEL is a 3.4km long X-ray Free Elec-tron Laser. The accelerating structure consists of 96 cryo modules running at 1.3 GHz with 10 Hz repetition rate. The injector adds two modules running at 1.3 and 3.9 GHz respectively. The cryo modules are operated at 2 Kelvin. Cold compressors (CCs) pump down the Helium vapour to 30 mbar which corresponds to 2 Kelvin. Stable conditions in the cryogenic system are mandatory for successful accelerator operations. Pressure fluctuations at 2 K may cause detuning of cavities and could result in unstable CC operations. The RF losses in the cavities may be compensated by reducing the heater power in the liquid Helium baths of the nine cryogenic strings. This requires a stable readout of the current RF settings. The detailed signals are read out from several severs in the accelerator control system and then computed in the cryogenic control system for heater compensation. This paper will describe the commissioning on the cryogenic control system, the communication between the control systems involved and first results of machine operations with the heat loss compensation in place

Use of PROFIBUS for Cryogenic Instrumentation at XFEL

The European X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL) is a research facility and since December 2016 under commissioning at DESY in Hamburg. The XFEL superconducting accelerator is 1.5 km long and contains 96 superconducting accelerator modules. The control system EPICS (Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System) is used to control and operate the XFEL cryogenic system containing the XFEL refrigerator, cryogenic distribution systems and the XFEL accelerator. The PROFIBUS fieldbus technology is the key technology of the cryogenic instrumentation and the link to the control system. More than 650 PROFIBUS nodes are implemented in the different parts of the XFEL cryogenic facilities. The presentation will give an overview of PROFIBUS installation in these facilities regarding engineering, possibilities of diagnostics, commissioning and the first operating experience

The Large Scale European XFEL Control System: Overview and Status of the Commissioning

The European XFEL is a 3.4 km long X-ray Free Electron Laser in the final construction and commissioning phase in Hamburg. It will produce 27000 bunches per second at 17.5 GeV. Early 2015 a first electron beam was produced in the RF-photo-injector and the commissioning of consecutive sections will follow during this and next year. The huge number and variety of devices for the accelerator, beam line, experiment,cryogenic and facility systems pose a challenging control task. Multiple systems, including industrial solutions, must be interfaced to each other. The large number of bunches requires a tight time synchronization (down to picoseconds) and high performance data acquisitionsystems. Fast feedbacks from front-ends, the DAQs and online analysis system with a seamless integration of controls are essential for the accelerator and the initially 6 experimental end stations. It turns out that the European XFEL will be the first installation exceeding 2500 FPGAcomponents in the MicroTCA form factor and will run one of the largest PROFIBUS networks. Many subsystem prototypes are already successfully in operation. An overview and status of the XFEL control system will be given

The Large Scale European XFEL Control System: Overview and Status of the Commissioning

The European XFEL is a 3.4km long X-ray Free Electron Laser in the final construction and commissioning phase in Hamburg. It will produce 27000 bunches per second at 17.5GeV. Early 2015 a first electron beam was produced in the RF-photo-injector and the commissioning of consecutive sections is following during this and next year. The huge number and variety of devices for the accelerator, beam line, experiment, cryogenic and facility systems pose a challenging control task. Multiple systems, including industrial solutions, must be interfaced to each other. The high number of bunches requires a tight time synchronization (down to picoseconds) and high performance data acquisition systems. Fast feedbacks from front-ends, the DAQs and online analysis system with a seamless integration of controls are essential for the accelerator and the initially 6 experimental end stations. It turns out that the European XFEL will be the first installation exceeding 2500 FPGA components in the MicroTCA form factor and will run one of the largest PROFIBUS networks. Many subsystem prototypes are already successfully in operation. An overview and status of the XFEL control system will be given

The Large Scale European XFEL Control System: Overview and Status of the Commissioning

The European XFEL is a 3.4 km long X-ray Free Electron Laser in the final construction and commissioning phase in Hamburg. It will produce 27000 bunches per second at 17.5 GeV. Early 2015 a first electron beam was produced in the RF-photo-injector and the commissioning of consecutive sections will follow during this and next year. The huge number and variety of devices for the accelerator, beam line, experiment, cryogenic and facility systems pose a challenging control task. Multiple systems, including industrial solutions, must be interfaced to each other. The large number of bunches requires a tight time synchronization (down to picoseconds) and high performance data acquisition systems. Fast feedbacks from front-ends, the DAQs and online analysis system with a seamless integration of controls are essential for the accelerator and the initially 6 experimental end stations. It turns out that the European XFEL will be the first installation exceeding 2500 FPGA components in the MicroTCA form factor and will run one of the largest PROFIBUS networks. Many subsystem prototypes are already successfully in operation. An overview and status of the XFEL control system will begiven