Funding priorities and funding strategies

When planning a funding request, librarians must understand the societal forces affecting a library's parent institution and the forces affecting the library as a social system as well as a technical system. Before approaching a funding body, librarians must ask themselves whether issues that are important to them are also important to the funding body. When approaching the Council on Library Resources, specifically, librarians should be aware of four research areas of interest to the Council human resources, economics, infrastructure, and processing/access.published or submitted for publicatio

Book Review: Seducing Augustine: Bodies, Desires, Confessions.

One might wonder if there is much left to be said about Augustine’s Confessions that has not been said one hundred times already. This small but engaging volume, born from ongoing collaboration between Burrus and MacKendrick dating back to 2004, demonstrates that commentary on the Confessions must continue because it is a text that beckons us (indeed desires us) to do so by the very beauty of its composition (124). At the heart of each chapter is an attempt to understand the perennially troubling issue of Augustine’s approach to the body and to sex: is it, as has often been concluded, a wholly negative approach? The authors are out to challenge such casual assumptions while avoiding the impulse to historicize Augustine’s sex life (which has often revealed more about his commentators than about the bishop himself), and ultimately paying particular attention to the moments of ambivalence, ambiguity, and even slippage within Augustine’s elusive thought on these provocative themes

Blended with the Savior: Gregory of Nyssa\u27s Eucharistic Pharmacology in the Catechetical Oration

Humankind, for Gregory of Nyssa, was poisoned through a primordial act of eating the forbidden fruit from the Garden of Eden. As a result, the toxin of sin and death has been blended into the body and soul of each person, dispersing itself throughout the component parts of their nature. If eating and drinking initiated the spiritual and physical degradation of humanity, Gregory argues, then it must also be through eating and drinking—namely, through the Eucharist—that humanity will be healed. This article proposes that Gregory\u27s instruction on the Eucharist in his Catechetical Oration should be understood as more than merely a metaphorical flourish, more than a clever use of medical imagery at the service of a sacramental theology. Rather, his use of technical medical terminology and concepts about dietetics and pharmacology are an example of medical knowledge being applied within the embodied practices of a particular Christian ritual. That is, when read in light of the crucial medical concept of krasis—in which health and disease are identified as a delicate blending of hot, cold, wet, and dry—we are better able to discern how Gregory\u27s discussion of ritualized bread-eating functions as a medical intervention into the diseased and dying nature of humanity. In his discussion of food\u27s power to reconfigure the four fundamental qualities of human physiology, Gregory presents the Eucharistic bread as part of a dietary regimen, a method for blending Christ\u27s healing and life-giving power into bodies that are currently bent toward death. In this way, the bread is offered as a singularly potent antidote for sicknesses afflicting body and soul alike

Ask the kumu: A qualitative study of Native Hawaiian perspectives on Hawai`i’s promotional images

Organizations promoting tourism to a destination often rely on images of native cultures to establish a sense of difference, “Otherness,” or authenticity. Advertising and public relations professionals, however, often form cultural representations without understanding important cultural values and beliefs. This research establishes a way to examine promotional images from within the culture in order to determine whether those representations convey ideas that align with the culture’s own values, traditions and beliefs. I employed a photo elicitation method while conducting nine in-depth interviews with individuals of Native Hawaiian ancestry to understand cultural perspectives on a set of promotional images. The interview transcripts were then qualitatively analyzed to find out how images contributed to cultural stereotyping and myth. The study finds that most of the image set conveys a narrow and limited view of the Native Hawaiian culture. Additionally, insights are reported on how certain images align with Hawaiian cultural values. How images form expectations, particularly false or limited expectations on the part of the visitor and limited expectations on the part of the Native Hawaiian also comes out in this study. This research may form the basis to foster image use that provides more depth, breadth and alignment with a native culture’s own long and rich history

Communication Audit for IIASA Phase I: External Communications

In early 1977 an analysis was conducted of external communication mechanisms currently in use at IIASA. This analysis was based on a six-month sample of the communication traffic via ten different media (telephone, telegrams, night letters, European telex, Non-European telex, travel by IIASA staff, visitors to IIASA, workshops, mail, and IIASA publications). By condensing the data for telegrams, nightletters, European telex, and Non-European telex into one mode an analysis of seven general modes was then conducted. The analysis did not include local telephone traffic (i.e. non-long-distance) nor did it cover incoming messages via mail, telex/telegram or telephone or internal seminars. While this study has helped to clarify a portion of the current communication traffic at IIASA, it does not answer the question regarding the justification for high-speed data channels. That answer will evolve, but in the meantime this report can provide useful data on what now exists. Even so, this is a snapshot of the situation several months ago and even now data traffic for telexes, as an example, is increasing

ECOLOGY OF GRACILARIA TIKVAHIAE MCLACHLAN (GIGARTINALES, RHODOPHYTA) IN THE GREAT BAY ESTUARY, NEW HAMPSHIRE

The reproductive phenology, growth and variation of chemical composition of Gracilaria tikvahiae from the Great Bay Estuary, N.H. were evaluated. A major objective was an analysis of the chemical composition, particularly agar content and properties, of plants separated into reproductive categories. The net photosynthetic responses of G. tikvahiae to several irradiance, temperature and salinity regimes were determined. Gracilaria tikvahiae plants from the Great Bay Estuary were vegetative throughout most of the year. However, discrete maxima of tetrasporic and spermatangial plants occurred during June-July and for cystocarpic plants during July-August. The in situ growth of Gracilaria tikvahiae was highest during June-September, with maximum rates of 11%/day. The growth cycle of G. tikvahiae plants was most strongly correlated with water temperature. Seasonal variations of surface irradiance and dissolved inorganic nitrogen were not related to the growth cycle of G. tikvahiae. Gracilaria tikvahiae had annual cycles of ash, dry weight, carbohydrate, agar, carbon, nitrogen and phycoerythrin contents. In contrast, little variation in protein, phosphorus or chlorophyll occurred. The changes in tissue carbon, nitrogen, carbohydrate and agar had summer minima and winter maxima. However, the ash content was maximal in summer and lowest during winter. The total tissue nitrogen of G. tikvahiae did not decrease below 2% of dry weight. No significant differences in chemical composition were noted between reproductive stages. The agar content of Gracilaria tikvahiae varied between 7% (summer) and 23% (winter). The gel strengths and 3,6-anhydrogalactose content of G. tikvahiae agar were highest in the summer. There were no significant differences in 3,6-anhydrogalactose, sulfate, ash content, gel strength or viscosity between agar, extracted with hydroxide pretreatment, from cystocarpic or tetrasporic plants. The net photosynthesis of Gracilaria tikvahiae was light-saturated at 200-600 (mu)E(.)m(\u27-2)(.)s(\u27-1), but it was not inhibited at 1440 (mu)E(.)m(\u27-2)(.)s(\u27-1). G. tikvahiae had increasing net photosynthetic rates from 5(DEGREES) to 25(DEGREES)C. Maximum net photosynthesis occurred between 25(DEGREES) and 35(DEGREES)C, while rates decreased at 37.5(DEGREES)C. The net photosynthetic responses at 25(DEGREES) and 30(DEGREES)C were stable after acclimation times of one to four days, but declined after three days at 35(DEGREES)C. G. tikvahiae has a euryhaline net photosynthetic response between 5 g/kg and 40 g/kg

International Data Exchange and the Application of Informatics Technology - Critical Research Needs

The method used in conducting this study involved an expert panel convened for a one-day workshop in Toronto in August, 1977 to generate a preliminary list of research issues. Following the workshop a mailed questionnaire to the participants provided quantitative evaluation of the issues with respect to overall urgency and specific apropriateness for further IIASA research. The complete list of research issues evaluated and particularly the urgent issues not rated highly appropriate for IIASA (including issues with a major focus on developing-country needs and issues dealing with development of services to meet specific user needs) should provide researchers and policy makers with guidelines for research within their own institutions