Contribution of study of the lipidic metabolism and secretion function in adipose tissue

BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertaçõe

Polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids-rich diets and immune tissues .2. Maximal activities of key enzymes of glutaminolysis, glycolysis, pentose-phosphate-pathway and krebs cycle in thymus, spleen and mesenteric lymph-nodes

SAO PAULO UNIV,INST BIOMED SCI,DEPT PHYSIOL & BIOPHYS,BR-05508 BUTANTA,SP,BRAZILESCOLA PAULISTA MED SCH,DEPT PHYSIOL,BR-04023 SAO PAULO,BRAZILESCOLA PAULISTA MED SCH,DEPT PHYSIOL,BR-04023 SAO PAULO,BRAZILWeb of Scienc

Lipid metabolism of monosodium glutamate obese rats after partial removal of adipose tissue

We analyzed the effects of partial fat pad removal on retroperitoneal and epididymal fat depots and carcass metabolism of control (C) and MSG-obese (M) rats. Three-month-old C and M male Wistar rats were submitted to either partial surgical excision of epididymal and retroperitoneal fat tissue (lipectomy, Q or sham surgery (S) and studied after 7 or 30 days. Retroperitoneal and epididymal tissue re-growth after lipectomy was not observed, as indicated by the low pads weight of the L groups. The lipolysis rate was stimulated in LC7 and LM7, probably due to surgical stress and low insulin levels. In LM7, but not in LC7, in vivo lipogenesis rate increased in retroperitoneal and epididymal fat tissue, as did the diet-derived lipid accumulation in epididymal fat tissue. Although these local increases were no longer present in LM30, this group showed a large increase in the percentage of small area adipocytes in both pads as well as increased carcass lipogenesis rate. The present data showed that the partial removal of fat depots affected the metabolism of control and MSG-obese rats differently. In the obese animals only, it stimulated both local and carcass lipogenesis rate as well as adipocyte differentiation, i.e. responses likely to favor excised tissue re-growth and/or compensatory growth of non-excised depots.Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Fisiol, BR-04023060 Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Fisiol, BR-04023060 Sao Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Prevalence of normal weight obesity in Switzerland: effects of various definitions

Background: normal weight obesity (NWO) is defined as an excessive body fat associated with a normal body mass index (BMI<25 kg/m2), but its prevalence in the general population is unknown. Objective: to assess the prevalence of NWO in Switzerland according to different cut points used to define excess body fat. Design: cross-sectional study including 3,213 women and 2,912 men aged 35-75 years. Body fat was assessed by bioimpedance and prevalence of NWO was assessed using four previously published definitions for excess body fat. Results: % body fat increased with age: in men, the values (mean SD) were 20.2 5.4, 23.0 5.4, 26.3 5.2 and 28.2 4.6 for age groups [35 - 44], [45 - 54], [55 - 64] and [65 - 75] years, respectively; the corresponding values for women were 29.9 7.8, 33.1 7.4, 36.7 7.5 and 39.6 6.9. In men, prevalence of NWO was <1% irrespective of the definition used. Conversely, in women, a one to twenty fold difference (from 1.4% to 27.8%) in NWO prevalence was found. The prevalence of NWO increased with age when age-independent cut points were used in women, but not in men. Conclusions: prevalence of NWO is low in the general population and higher in women than in men. The prevalence is highly dependent on the criteria used to define excess body fat, namely in women. The use of gender- and age-specific cut points to define excess body fat is better than fixed or gender-specific only cut points

Modulares Mikroreaktorsystem aus ultraschallheißgeprägten Polymerfolien

Functional foods containing bioactive compounds of whey may play an important role in prevention and treatment of obesity. the aim of this study was to investigate the prospects of the biotechnological process of coacervation of whey proteins (CWP) in chitosan and test its antiobesogenic potential. Methods. CWP (100mg.kg.day) was administered in mice with diet-induced obesity for 8 weeks. the animals were divided into four groups: control normocaloric diet gavage with water (C) or coacervate (C-CWP), and high fat diet gavage with water (HF) or coacervate (HF-CWP). Results. HF-CWP reduced weight gain and serum lipid fractions and displayed reduced adiposity and insulin. Adiponectin was significantly higher in HF-CWP group when compared to the HF. the level of LPS in HF-W group was significantly higher when compared to HF-CWP. the IL-10 showed an inverse correlation between the levels of insulin and glucose in the mesenteric adipose tissue in the HF-CWP group. CWP promoted an increase in both phosphorylation AMPK and the amount of ATGL in the mesenteric adipose tissue in HF-CWP group. Conclusion. CWP was able to modulate effects, possibly due to its high biological value of proteins. We observed a protective effect against obesity and improved the inflammatory milieu of white adipose tissue

The role of free fatty acids in the inflammatory and cardiometabolic profile in adolescents with metabolic syndrome engaged in interdisciplinary therapy

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate if interdisciplinary therapy can influence the cardiometabolic and serum free fatty acid profile. The second aim was to evaluate if there is an association between serum free fatty acids, inflammation and cardiometabolic biomarkers in obese adolescents with and without metabolic syndrome submitted to a long-term interdisciplinary therapy. The study involved 108 postpuberty obese adolescents, who were divided according to metabolic syndrome (MetS) diagnosis: MetS (n=32) and Non-MetS (n=76). The interdisciplinary therapy consisted of a 1-year period of nutrition, psychology, physical exercise and clinical support. After therapy, both groups improved metabolic, inflammatory (leptin, adiponectin, leptin/adiponectin ratio, adiponectin/leptin ratio and C-reactive protein) and cardiometabolic profile (PAI-1 and ICAM). Metabolic syndrome prevalence reduced from 28.70% to 12.96%. Both groups reduced myristic acid (C14:0) and increased docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6n3), heneicosapentaenoic acid (HPA, C21:5n3) and arachidonic acid (C20:4n6). After adjustment for metabolic syndrome and the number of metabolic syndrome parameters, multiple regression analysis showed that changes in VCAM and PAI-1 were negatively associated with changes in cis-linoleic acid (C18:2n6c). Additionally, changes in trans-linoleic acid (C18:2n6t) were also positively associated with these biomarkers. Moreover, leptin and leptin/adiponectin ratio were negatively associated with changes in docosapentaenoic acid (DPA, C22:5n3) and stearidonic acid (SDA, C18:4n3). Adiponectin/leptin ratio was positively associated with docosapentaenoic acid (DPA, C22:5n3). Changes in adiponectin were positively correlated with changes in omega 3, such as heneicosapentaenoic acid (HPA, C21:5n3) and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA, C22:5n3). Results support that interdisciplinary therapy can control inflammatory and cardiometabolic profile in obese adolescents. Moreover, serum fatty acids can be influenced by lifestyle changes and are able to modulate these biomarkers. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)AFIPCEPECEMSAUniv Fed Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, Programa Posgrad Nutr, Sao Paulo, BrazilCtr Univ Sao Camilo, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Lab Fisiol Nutr, UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Inst Biociencias, Dept Fisiol Geral, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, BrazilWeight Sci, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Psicobiol, UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, Programa Posgrad Nutr, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Psicobiol, UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, BrazilCNPq: 141533/2012-9CNPq: 300654/2013-8CAPES: AUX-PE-PNPD 2566/2011FAPESP: 2011/50356-0FAPESP: 2011/50414-0FAPESP: 2013/041364Web of Scienc