Cognitive Representation Learning of Self-Media Online Article Quality

The automatic quality assessment of self-media online articles is an urgent and new issue, which is of great value to the online recommendation and search. Different from traditional and well-formed articles, self-media online articles are mainly created by users, which have the appearance characteristics of different text levels and multi-modal hybrid editing, along with the potential characteristics of diverse content, different styles, large semantic spans and good interactive experience requirements. To solve these challenges, we establish a joint model CoQAN in combination with the layout organization, writing characteristics and text semantics, designing different representation learning subnetworks, especially for the feature learning process and interactive reading habits on mobile terminals. It is more consistent with the cognitive style of expressing an expert's evaluation of articles. We have also constructed a large scale real-world assessment dataset. Extensive experimental results show that the proposed framework significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods, and effectively learns and integrates different factors of the online article quality assessment.Comment: Accepted at the Proceedings of the 28th ACM International Conference on Multimedi

Danhong Injection (a Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine) for Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objective. We aimed to systematically assess the efficacy and safety of Danhong injection (DHI) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. Methods. We searched several electrical databases and hand searched several Chinese medical journals. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing DHI plus conventional western medicine with conventional western medicine plus placebo and RCTs comparing DHI plus conventional western medicine with conventional western medicine were retrieved. Study screening, data extraction, quality assessment, and data analysis were conducted in accordance with the Cochrane standards. Results. 13 RCTs enrolling 979 patients were included. Danhong injection could significantly reduce the risk of mortality, recurrent angina, arrhythmia, and heart failure. In addition, DHI was associated with improvement of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and reperfusion. No significant difference of DHI was found on recurrent acute myocardial infarction. However, the safety of DHI remained unknown for limited data. Conclusion. DHI might be a potentially efficacious treatment for AMI patients. Nevertheless, the safety of DHI remained uncertain for limited information. Due to the fact that the overall quality of all included studies is generally low, more high quality RCTs are expected to validate the efficacy and safety of DHI for AMI patients

Differential sensitivity of target genes to translational repression by miR-17~92

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are thought to exert their functions by modulating the expression of hundreds of target genes and each to a small degree, but it remains unclear how small changes in hundreds of target genes are translated into the specific function of a miRNA. Here, we conducted an integrated analysis of transcriptome and translatome of primary B cells from mutant mice expressing miR-17~92 at three different levels to address this issue. We found that target genes exhibit differential sensitivity to miRNA suppression and that only a small fraction of target genes are actually suppressed by a given concentration of miRNA under physiological conditions. Transgenic expression and deletion of the same miRNA gene regulate largely distinct sets of target genes. miR-17~92 controls target gene expression mainly through translational repression and 5’UTR plays an important role in regulating target gene sensitivity to miRNA suppression. These findings provide molecular insights into a model in which miRNAs exert their specific functions through a small number of key target genesCX is a Pew Scholar in Biomedical Sciences. This study is supported by the PEW Charitable Trusts, Cancer Research Institute, National Institute of Health (R01AI087634, R01AI089854, RC1CA146299, R56AI110403, and R01AI121155 to CX), National Natural Science Foundation of China (31570882 to WHL, 31570883 to NX, 31570911 to GF, 91429301 to JH, 31671428 and 31500665 to YZ), 1000 Young Talents Program of China (K08008 to NX), 100 Talents Program of The Chinese Academy of Sciences (YZ), National Program on Key Basic Research Project of China (2016YFA0501900 to YZ), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (20720150065 to NX and GF), Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (NRF-2015R1C1A1A01052387 to SGK, NRF-2016R1A4A1010115 to SGK and PHK), and 2016 Research Grant from Kangwon National University (SGK)

Metabolic Profiles and cDNA-AFLP Analysis of Salvia miltiorrhiza and Salvia castanea Diel f. tomentosa Stib

Plants of the genus Salvia produce various types of phenolic compounds and tanshinones which are effective for treatment of coronary heart disease. Salvia miltiorrhiza and S. castanea Diels f. tomentosa Stib are two important members of the genus. In this study, metabolic profiles and cDNA-AFLP analysis of four samples were employed to identify novel genes potentially involved in phenolic compounds and tanshinones biosynthesis, including the red roots from the two species and two tanshinone-free roots from S. miltiorrhiza. The results showed that the red roots of S. castanea Diels f. tomentosa Stib produced high contents of rosmarinic acid (21.77 mg/g) and tanshinone IIA (12.60 mg/g), but low content of salvianolic acid B (1.45 mg/g). The red roots of S. miltiorrhiza produced high content of salvianolic acid B (18.69 mg/g), while tanshinones accumulation in this sample was much less than that in S. castanea Diels f. tomentosa Stib. Tanshinones were not detected in the two tanshinone-free samples, which produced high contents of phenolic compounds. A cDNA-AFLP analysis with 128 primer pairs revealed that 2300 transcript derived fragments (TDFs) were differentially expressed among the four samples. About 323 TDFs were sequenced, of which 78 TDFs were annotated with known functions through BLASTX searching the Genbank database and 14 annotated TDFs were assigned into secondary metabolic pathways through searching the KEGGPATHWAY database. The quantitative real-time PCR analysis indicated that the expression of 9 TDFs was positively correlated with accumulation of phenolic compounds and tanshinones. These TDFs additionally showed coordinated transcriptional response with 6 previously-identified genes involved in biosynthesis of tanshinones and phenolic compounds in S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots treated with yeast extract. The sequence data in the present work not only provided us candidate genes involved in phenolic compounds and tanshinones biosynthesis but also gave us further insight into secondary metabolism in Salvia

AI is a viable alternative to high throughput screening: a 318-target study

: High throughput screening (HTS) is routinely used to identify bioactive small molecules. This requires physical compounds, which limits coverage of accessible chemical space. Computational approaches combined with vast on-demand chemical libraries can access far greater chemical space, provided that the predictive accuracy is sufficient to identify useful molecules. Through the largest and most diverse virtual HTS campaign reported to date, comprising 318 individual projects, we demonstrate that our AtomNet® convolutional neural network successfully finds novel hits across every major therapeutic area and protein class. We address historical limitations of computational screening by demonstrating success for target proteins without known binders, high-quality X-ray crystal structures, or manual cherry-picking of compounds. We show that the molecules selected by the AtomNet® model are novel drug-like scaffolds rather than minor modifications to known bioactive compounds. Our empirical results suggest that computational methods can substantially replace HTS as the first step of small-molecule drug discovery

Prognostic Value of Asymmetric Dimethylarginine in Patients with Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Objective. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, is reported to be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The purpose of the present study is to investigate whether ADMA is an independent predictor for future mortality and adverse clinical events among patients with heart failure (HF). Methods. Electronic literature databases (Central, MEDLINE, and Embase) were searched for relevant observational studies on the prognostic value of ADMA in HF patients published before January 2019. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) or odds ratio and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated for risk evaluation. Results. 10 studies with 2195 participants were identified and analyzed. The pooled HR of composite clinical events for the highest vs. lowest quartiles from categorical variable results was 1.34 (95% CI: 1.15-1.57, P<0.001, I2=0%), which is 1.31 (95% CI: 1.10-1.55, P<0.005, I2=0%) in the subgroup of acute decompensated HF. The pooled HR of composite clinical events from continuous variable results was 1.41 (95% CI: 1.21-1.63, P<0.001, I2=21.9%), with 0.1 μM increment accounting for the increasing 25% risk for composite adverse clinical events. The pooled HR for all-cause mortality was 2.38 (95% CI: 1.48-3.82, P<0.001, I2=0%) after sensitivity analysis. Two studies reporting the HR of inhospital mortality in HF patients regarded it as a prognostic indicator, with categorical variable HR as 1.26 (95% CI: 1.07-1.84, P<0.05) and continuous variable OR as 2.15 (95% CI: 1.17–4.29, P<0.05). Conclusions. ADMA is an independent predictor for composite clinical outcomes among HF patients with both short-term and long-term prognostic value

New System for Efficient Removal of Lignin with a High Proportion of Chlorine Dioxide

Chlorine dioxide is used extensively as the bleaching agent in the clean pulp bleaching process. To further improve the efficiency of chlorine dioxide delignification, this study discusses the effect of a new system of a high proportion of chlorine dioxide on lignin removal. When the mass ratio of chlorine dioxide to lignin was 4 in this system, 50% of lignin was removed in a short time. To optimize the new bleaching system, the effects of temperature and pulp consistency on the new system were studied. The ratio of lignin removed was 50% when the reaction time was 30 min, temperature was 25 °C, and the pulp consistency was 5%. Compared with traditional chlorine dioxide bleaching, high proportion of chlorine dioxide bleaching can shorten the reaction time by 50%, reduce the reaction temperature to 25 °C, and greatly reduce energy consumption and adsorbable organic halogen (AOX) production by 45%. The new system provides a novel idea for clean bleaching of pulp

Ribosome accumulation in 5’UTR correlates with translational repression of target genes.

<p>(<b>A-C</b>) Ribosome accumulation in 5’UTRs of ribo-upregulated TKO targets in WT B cells (<b>A</b>), ribo-downregulated TG targets in TG B cells (<b>B</b>), but not in 5’UTRs of other targets (<b>C</b>). Ribosome occupancy in 5’UTR was normalized to the overall ribosome footprint abundance of the same gene [<a href="http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006623#pgen.1006623.ref096" target="_blank">96</a>]. The first nucleotide of start codon is set as position 0 (grey dashed line). (<b>D</b>) Inverse correlation between ribosome occupancy in 5’UTR and the overall ribosome density on target mRNA in WT B cells. (<b>E</b>) High GC content in 5’UTRs of ribo-upregulated TKO targets.</p