Physiological and transcriptomic analysis reveal the crucial factors in heat stress response of red raspberry ‘Polka’ seedlings

With global climate warming, recurring extreme heat and high temperatures irreversibly damage plants. Raspberries, known for their nutritional and medicinal value, are in high demand worldwide. Thus, it is important to study how high-temperature stress (HTS) affects raspberries. The physiological and biochemical responses and molecular genetic mechanisms of raspberry leaves to different HTS treatments were investigated: mild high temperature at 35°C (HT35), severe high temperature at 40°C (HT40), and the control at room temperature of 25°C (CK). The physiological results suggested that leaves in both the 35°C and 40°C treatments showed maximum relative conductivity at 4 d of stress, increasing by 28.54% and 43.36%, respectively, compared to CK. Throughout the stress period (0–4 d), malondialdehyde (MDA) and soluble protein contents of raspberry leaves increased under HT35 and HT40 treatments, while soluble sugar content first decreased and then increased. Catalase (CAT) activity increased, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity first increased and then decreased, and peroxidase (POD) activity gradually decreased. Photosynthetic and fluorescence responses of raspberry leaves showed the most severe impairment after 4 d of stress. Transcriptomics results revealed significant alterations in 42 HSP family genes, two SOD-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 25 POD-related DEGs, three CAT-related DEGs, and 38 photosynthesis-related DEGs under HTS. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that these DEGs were mainly enriched in photosynthesis-antenna proteins, pentose and glucuronide interconversion, phenylpropane biosynthesis, and indole alkaloid biosynthesis. HTS induced excessive ROS accumulation in raspberry leaves, causing oxidative damage in plant cells and subsequently reducing photosynthesis in raspberry leaves. This reduction in photosynthesis, in turn, affects photosynthetic carbon fixation and starch and sucrose metabolism, which, combined with phenol propane biosynthesis, mitigates the HTS-induced damage

Pull your treebank up by its own bootstraps

National audienceWe analyze the performance of recent neural syntactic parsers in the task of bootstrapping a treebank, i.e. training and analyzing iteratively in order to enhance speed and quality of the human syntactic analysis. By conducting an extensive and heuristically guided search in the vast grid of options (parser, embedding, configuration, epochs, batch size, size of training set, annotation scheme, language, evaluation method…), we determine the best performing parser configurations: UDify and Trankit share the podium depending on the size of the training set. We also show how these results are integrated into the annotation tool ArboratorGrew, and we propose some preliminary measures that allow predicting the quality of the parse for a new language

Word order flexibility: a typometric study

version modifiée le 14 avril 2023, correction des typo à la page 8, pas d’autres modifications, à part la mise en pageInternational audienceThis paper introduces a typometric measure of flexibility, which quantifies the variability of head-dependent word order on the whole set of treebanks of a language or on specific constructions. The measure is based on the notion of head-initiality and we show that it can be computed for all of languages of the Universal Dependency treebank set, that it does not require ad-hoc thresholds to categorize languages or constructions, and that it can be applied with any granularity of constructions and languages. We compare our results with Bakker’s (1998) categorical flexibility index. Typometric flexibility is shown to be a good measure for characterizing the language distribution with respect to word order for a given construction, and for estimating whether a construction predicts the global word order behavior of a language

Analysis and Research on the current situation of Jiaodong traditional marine folk culture in cultural tourism products

In recent years, the traditional folk culture as the core of the tourism, culture industry and derivative industry has driven the development of regional economies in Jiaodong. How to develop and utilize the traditional folk culture resources in the region, make them into folk culture tourism products and bring economic benefits have become a new research topic in related fields. This paper takes Jiaodong traditional folk culture as a starting point, folk culture tourism products as the research object, from the practical, creative, cultural, historical and service design point of view, analysing Jiaodong traditional folk culture in folk culture and tourism products in the current situation and its defects, and provides ideas for the sustainable development of Jiaodong traditional folk culture in folk culture and tourism products

Word order flexibility: a typometric study

version modifiée le 14 avril 2023, correction des typo à la page 8, pas d’autres modifications, à part la mise en pageInternational audienceThis paper introduces a typometric measure of flexibility, which quantifies the variability of head-dependent word order on the whole set of treebanks of a language or on specific constructions. The measure is based on the notion of head-initiality and we show that it can be computed for all of languages of the Universal Dependency treebank set, that it does not require ad-hoc thresholds to categorize languages or constructions, and that it can be applied with any granularity of constructions and languages. We compare our results with Bakker’s (1998) categorical flexibility index. Typometric flexibility is shown to be a good measure for characterizing the language distribution with respect to word order for a given construction, and for estimating whether a construction predicts the global word order behavior of a language

Pull your treebank up by its own bootstraps

National audienceWe analyze the performance of recent neural syntactic parsers in the task of bootstrapping a treebank, i.e. training and analyzing iteratively in order to enhance speed and quality of the human syntactic analysis. By conducting an extensive and heuristically guided search in the vast grid of options (parser, embedding, configuration, epochs, batch size, size of training set, annotation scheme, language, evaluation method…), we determine the best performing parser configurations: UDify and Trankit share the podium depending on the size of the training set. We also show how these results are integrated into the annotation tool ArboratorGrew, and we propose some preliminary measures that allow predicting the quality of the parse for a new language

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Les améliorations de la machine de traduction font de la traduction et post-édition toujours plus efficace pour un éventail plus large d’applications concernant l\u27Intelligence Artificielle

Some thoughts and strategies of planning for the impact of “COVID-19” epidemic in Yunnan plateau basin

Combined with the big data report of Baidu epidemic, and based on the transmission route and characteristics of “COVID-19” Virus, using GIS spatial analysis technology and related mathematical models, the correspondence between the epidemic development distribution and the spatial pattern of the basin in the Yunnan Plateau was simulated, and the basin distribution, traffic accessibility, urban scale, and tourism fever were found. Destination fever is closely related to the development of the epidemic. Changing the mode of transportation in the basin, changing the mode of land use, constructing regional public health facilities, and improving the community living circle have a suppressive effect on the spread of the epidemic. According to the simulation conclusions, this article focuses on blocking the spread of the epidemic and guaranteeing the treatment and basic life of the personnel during the disaster. It proposes the considerations of the territorial space planning of the Yunnan Plateau basin in response to the epidemic from the region (province)-basin area-community and governance level

Hexagonal Boron Nitride on III–V Compounds: A Review of the Synthesis and Applications

Since the successful separation of graphene from its bulk counterpart, two-dimensional (2D) layered materials have become the focus of research for their exceptional properties. The layered hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), for instance, offers good lubricity, electrical insulation, corrosion resistance, and chemical stability. In recent years, the wide-band-gap layered h-BN has been recognized for its broad application prospects in neutron detection and quantum information processing. In addition, it has become very important in the field of 2D crystals and van der Waals heterostructures due to its versatility as a substrate, encapsulation layer, and a tunneling barrier layer for various device applications. However, due to the poor adhesion between h-BN and substrate and its high preparation temperature, it is very difficult to prepare large-area and denseh-BN films. Therefore, the controllable synthesis of h-BN films has been the focus of research in recent years. In this paper, the preparation methods and applications of h-BN films on III–V compounds are systematically summarized, and the prospects are discussed