Auswirkungen einer Bestandesbetreuung auf das Vorkommen des Postpartalen Dysgalaktie Syndroms (PPDS) und die Tierbehandlungsinzidenz

The Postpartum Dysgalaktie Syndrome (PPDS) also known as metritis agalactia mastitis (MMA), is considered the most common disease of the sow after farrowing. The reasons for PPDS are multifactorial and are to be found in the areas of management and hygiene, feeding, water supply and animal specific factors such as body condition and age of the sows. In this study a veterinary herd health management was carried out in 28 pig farms with PPDS, with the aim to reduce the PPDS prevalence and animal treatment incidence (TI). In 20 of 28 problem farms the PPDS-prevalence could be decreased from 37.4% (± 21.8%) to 24.5% (± 14.1%). The TI was not significantly reduced. The most effective procedures to reduce the PPDS-prevalence were the use of a prepartal transition feed, optimizing the PPDS-diagnostic and the use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID) and oxytocin in the PPDS- treatment. Das Postpartale Dysgalaktie Syndrom (PPDS), auch Metritis Mastitis Agalaktie (MMA) genannt, gilt als die häufigste Erkrankung der Muttersau nach dem Abferkeln. Die Ursachen für das Auftreten sind multifaktoriell und sind in den Bereichen Management und Hygiene, Fütterung, Wasserversorgung und tierspezifische Faktoren wie Kondition und Alter der Muttersauen zu suchen. Im Rahmen dieser Studie wurde in 28 Schweinezuchtbetrieben mit PPDS-Problematik eine tierärztliche Bestandesbetreuung durchgeführt, mit dem Ziel die PPDS-Prävalenz und die Tierbehandlungsinzidenz (TI) zu senken. Die PPDS-Prävalenz sank in 20 von 28 Problembetrieben von 37.4% (± 21.8%) auf 24.5% (± 14.1%). Die TI konnte nicht signifikant gesenkt werden. Die effektivsten Massnahmen die PPDS-Prävalenz zu senken, waren der Einsatz eines Geburtsvorbereitungsfutters, die Optimierung der PPDS- Diagnostik und der Einsatz von nichtsteroidalen Antiphlogistika (NSAID) und Oxytocin bei der PPDS-Behandlung

Thermal field formation during wIRA-hyperthermia : temperature measurements in skin and subcutis of piglets as a basis for thermotherapy of superficial tumors and local skin infections caused by thermosensitive microbial pathogens

Purpose:; The temporal and spatial formation of the temperature field and its changes during/upon water-filtered infrared-A (wIRA)-irradiation in porcine skin and subcutis were investigated in vivo in order to get a detailed physical basis for thermotherapy of superficial tumors and infections caused by thermosensitive microbial pathogens (e.g.,; Mycobacterium ulcerans; causing Buruli ulcer).; Methods:; Local wIRA-hyperthermia was performed in 11 anesthetized piglets using 85.0 mW cm; -2; , 103.2 mW cm; -2; and 126.5 mW cm; -2; , respectively. Invasive temperature measurements were carried out simultaneously in 1-min intervals using eight fiber-optical probes at different tissue depths between 2 and 20 mm, and by an IR thermometer at the skin surface.; Results:; Tissue temperature distribution depended on incident irradiance, exposure time, tissue depths and individual 'physiologies' of the animals. Temperature maxima were found at depths between 4 and 7 mm, exceeding skin surface temperatures by about 1-2 K. Tissue temperatures above 37 °C, necessary to eradicate; M. ulcerans; at depths <20 mm, were reached reliably.; Conclusions:; wIRA-hyperthermia may be considered as a novel therapeutic option for treatment of local skin infections caused by thermosensitive pathogens (e.g., in Buruli ulcer). To ensure temperatures required for heat treatment of superficial tumors deeper than 4 mm, the incident irradiance needed can be controlled either by (a) invasive temperature measurements or (b) control of skin surface temperature and considering possible temperature increases up to 1-2 K in underlying tissue

Dietary spermidine for lowering high blood pressure

Loss of cardiac macroautophagy/autophagy impairs heart function, and evidence accumulates that an increased autophagic flux may protect against cardiovascular disease. We therefore tested the protective capacity of the natural autophagy inducer spermidine in animal models of aging and hypertension, which both represent major risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease. Dietary spermidine elicits cardioprotective effects in aged mice through enhancing cardiac autophagy and mitophagy. In salt-sensitive rats, spermidine supplementation also delays the development of hypertensive heart disease, coinciding with reduced arterial blood pressure. The high blood pressure-lowering effect likely results from improved global arginine bioavailability and protection from hypertension-associated renal damage. The polyamine spermidine is naturally present in human diets, though to a varying amount depending on food type and preparation. In humans, high dietary spermidine intake correlates with reduced blood pressure and decreased risk of cardiovascular disease and related death. Altogether, spermidine represents a cardio- and vascular- protective autophagy inducer that can be readily integrated in common diets

Cardioprotection and lifespan extension by the natural polyamine spermidine

Aging is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and death. Here we show that oral supplementation of the natural polyamine spermidine extends the lifespan of mice and exerts cardioprotective effects, reducing cardiac hypertrophy and preserving diastolic function in old mice. Spermidine feeding enhanced cardiac autophagy, mitophagy and mitochondrial respiration, and it also improved the mechano-elastical properties of cardiomyocytes in vivo, coinciding with increased titin phosphorylation and suppressed subclinical inflammation. Spermidine feeding failed to provide cardioprotection in mice that lack the autophagy-related protein Atg5 in cardiomyocytes. In Dahl salt-sensitive rats that were fed a high-salt diet, a model for hypertension-induced congestive heart failure, spermidine feeding reduced systemic blood pressure, increased titin phosphorylation and prevented cardiac hypertrophy and a decline in diastolic function, thus delaying the progression to heart failure. In humans, high levels of dietary spermidine, as assessed from food questionnaires, correlated with reduced blood pressure and a lower incidence of cardiovascular disease. Our results suggest a new and feasible strategy for protection against cardiovascular disease

Der Kaiserschnitt beim Miniaturschwein - Ein Fallbericht

initially bred as experimental animals, miniature pigs are increasingly being kept as pets. If problems arise during parturition, minipig owners often turn to small animal practitioners, who usually have little experience in treating pigs. Knowledge of physiological and pathological birth processes is necessary to make the right decisions in an emergency. Dystocia that require a caesarean section are such an emergency. The following article explains the procedure for a caesarean section on the basis of a case report and describes anesthesia and surgical procedures

Vitamin D metabolism in growing pigs: influence of UVB irradiation and dietary vitamin D supply on calcium homeostasis, its regulation and bone metabolism

GRUPO HERMANOSCopia digital. Madrid : Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, 201

Mycobacterium helveticum sp. nov., a novel slowly growing mycobacterial species associated with granulomatous lesions in adult swine

The occurrence of nontuberculous mycobacteria in different hosts and their implication as obligate or opportunistic pathogens remain mainly unclear. Mycobacteriosis in pigs is usually associated with members of the Mycobacterium avium complex and, in particular, infections with “Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis”. Here we describe a novel slow growing mycobacterial species isolated from lymph nodes obtained from two sows housed in different Swiss farms. The animals presented chronic inappetence and/or mild diarrhea. Gross pathology revealed focal granulomatous caseous lymphadenopathy of the mesenteric lymph nodes. Complete genome sequencing of two isolates from the two sows was performed. The genomes comprised 5,76 Mb and an average nucleotide identity score of 99.97%. Phylogenetic, mycolic acid and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry analyses revealed that the two isolates were not related to any previously described Mycobacterium species. Based on complete genome investigations, the closest related species is M. parmense, a slow growing scotochromogenic Mycobacterium first isolated from a cervical lymph node of a 3-year-old child. The name proposed for the new species is Mycobacterium helveticum sp. nov. and 16-83T (=DSM 109965T= BCCM/LMG 2457T) is the type strain

Congenital microphthalmic syndrome in a swine

A 17-week-old crossbred finishing pig was presented for lameness of approximately one week. Clinical evaluation, including ophthalmologic examination, revealed ataxia, partial flaccid paresis of the pelvic limbs, skin lesions at feet and claws, and severely reduced vision/blindness. Both eyes had multiple persistent pupillary membranes (iris-to-iris and iris-to-lens) and hypermature cataracts. Histopathological examination of the eyes revealed microphthalmia, microphakia with cataract formation, myovascularised membrane in the vitreous, retinal detachment, and retinal dysplasia. Microscopic examination of tissues collected postmortem demonstrated nonsuppurative polioencephalomyelitis with the most prominent inflammatory lesions in the lumbar spinal cord. Subsequently, presumed Teschen/Talfan disease was confirmed by porcine teschovirus identification in the spinal cord using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). To the authors' knowledge, this is the first case report describing in detail histopathological changes in the porcine congenital microphthalmic syndrome