STANDARDIZATION OF BALAMULA CHURNA (SIDA CORDIFOLIA L. ROOT POWDER)

Objective: In this study, an attempt was made to generate information based on, physicochemical parameter preliminary phytochemical screening and HPTLC data needed for proper identification and authentication of Balamula Churna. Methods: The physicochemical parameters such as water-soluble extractive, alcohol soluble extractive and loss on drying at 105 °C, total ash and acid insoluble ash were determined according to standard methods. HPTLC studies were conducted and Rf values were documented. Results: Physicochemical parameter value were documented as pH (6.81%), LOD (7.5%), water-soluble extractive value (6.32%), alcohol soluble extractive value (5.92%) total Ash (9.00%) and Acid Insoluble Ash (1.60%). Preliminary phytochemical screening reveals the presence of glycoside, alkaloid, carbohydrate, phenol, flavonoid and saponin. HPTLC screening showed the presence of significant phytoconstituents with Rf value 0.02, 0.27, 0.34 and 0.96. Conclusion: All the results obtained from this study can be helpful in evaluation quality, detection of adulteration and substitution and emphasizing the importance of standardization

CONTRIBUTION OF YEJELLA SHRI RAMULU CHAUDARI TO AYURVEDIC VETERINARY MEDICINE- A BIOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH STUDY

Yejella Shri Ramulu Chaudari is a famous Ayurvedic Veterinarian of Andhra Pradesh. He had written many Veterinary books in an easily apprehensive way in local Telugu language. Yejella Shri Ramulu Chaudari had written many books on various aspects of cattle and horses including etiopathogenesis and treatment with Ayurvedic drugs from the year 1928. He ran Pashusamrakshana named journal, Ayurvedic veterinary college and hospitals, Sahadeva Ayurveda pharmacy for many years. In the field of Ayurvedic veterinary medicine he trained many graduates, farmers, servants and animal keepers of Jamindars, landlords, social workers and propagated Ayurvedic veterinary medicine. He got the authority in both Ayurvedic and Allopathic systems and tried to integrate both the systems. His publications are source for model integration studies of both Ayurvedic and modern systems of medicine. Further he strove hard for the propagation of Ayurvedic veterinary medicine through pamphlets, workshops, essays in local newspapers and local journals. He received many awards and got many testimonials and certificates for his good publications, for his thankfulness, valuable suggestions and dedication in the field of veterinary medicine. Many opulent landlords and Jamindars showed their genuine love and sincere support for his institution and publications. Many renowned allopathic physicians, public representatives, scientists in the field of veterinary medicine and Ayurvedic physicians appreciated his dedicated work and commitment in helping the poor through veterinary Ayurvedic medicine. He ran Ayurvedic Sahadeva Pashu vaidya pharmacy and developed many proprietary medicines like Janturakshini, Kshirojan, Asvabalavardhini, Krimihar, Garbhaka, Pashubalavardhini etc. and sold for reasonable prices. He was popular as Abhinava sahadeva for his contributions.

A CRITICAL REVIEW ON NUTRACEUTICALS IN MADHUMEHA (DIABETES)

Diabetes mellitus is a well-known clinical syndrome since antiquity. Ayurveda mainly focuses on the role of diet in Prameha and Madhumeha, which is akin to Diabetes. Nutraceuticals are food or food products that provide health and medical benefits, including the prevention and treatment of disease. Traditional Indian diets are functional and used both as food and medicine. Although in recent scientific studies these diets are evaluated for rich source of dietary fiber (whole grains and vegetables), antioxidants and other active principles suitable for diabetes. Primarily, they have been selected and used based on fundamental principles of Ayurveda, such as their Rasa, Guna, Virya, Vipaka, Prabhava, and so on. Reviewing the characteristic properties along with important antidiabetic properties of conventional system of medicine, accentuates the role of these diets in Diabetes. The correlation further emphasizes the way to include or to evaluate more Nutraceuticals for the benefit of Diabetic population. Diabetes is a complex disease with multiple variations. Nutraceuticals too have variant properties and belong to various dietetic groups, such as Kodrava (grain variety: Paspolum scrobiculatum Linn.), Adhaki (red gram: Cajamus indicus Spreng.), Yava (Barley: Hordeum vulgare Linn.), Mudga (green gram: Phaseolus radiatus Linn.), Kuluttha (horse gram: Dolichos biflorus Linn.), Amalaki (Indian goose berry: Emblica officinalis Gaertn.), Meti (fenugreek: Trigonella foenum-graecum Linn.), Karavellaka (bitter gourd: Momordica charantia Linn.), Jambu (java plum: Syzygium cumini (Linn.) Skeels.), Navapatola (young: Tricosanthes dioica Roxb.), Matsyakshi (Alternanthera sessiles Linn.) R. Br. etc

DOCUMENTED VETERINARY AYURVEDIC TREATMENT CLAIMS FROM ANDHRA PRADESH REGION ON CERTAIN IMPORTANT GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASES OF CATTLE

Gastro intestinal (GI) diseases are common to cattle. These diseases give lots of pain and discomfort to the cattle and loss to the cattle keepers. Ayurvedic medicines have high potentiality in treating many non infectious GI disorders. In infectious GI diseases irrational use of antibiotics has increased the risk of resistance as well as side effects. There is a surge of search for alternative therapies and Ayurveda is believed to be the promised answer. In Andhra Pradesh many scholars and traditional physicians practiced Ayurvedic methods; medicines for the cattle treatment and few of them had dedicated their lives completely to Ayurvedic veterinary practice. They magnificently combined traditional wisdom of classical Ayurvedic texts with newly acquired knowledge from modern veterinary medicine. They used to diagnose the diseases on modern methods and treatment was given through Ayurvedic drugs. They recorded their treatment and research findings, documented and presented them in a systematic way for their publications. These publications are not available in public domains and they are protected by AP states archives, Hyderabad. These Telugu publications are unique to veterinary medicine. With lots of efforts and literary research the data is compiled and translated. Many GI diseases and there remedies are dealt in these publications and present paper deals the treatments of indigestion, painful condition due to indigestion, tympanites (abdominal distension), grain sickness (grain poisoning or acidosis), fardel-bound and colic., This article explores treatments in a scientific manner with suitable Botanical or English names of the plants along with dose in metric equivalents.

A STUDY ON KANDUGHNA TAILA IN FILARIAL LYMPHANGITIS AND ULCERS

The disease Shlipada is very common in Andhra Pradesh Coastal belts. The chronic filarial patients used to suffer from acute periodic episodes. During these acute periodic episodes majority of the filarial patients develop lymphangitis (inflammation of lymphatic vessel), wounds and ulcers in affected legs. Some of the patients develop oozing blisters and pustules. Patients with these acute symptoms suffer from severe pain and tenderness and un-hygiene may lead to secondary bacterial infections. These periodic episodes often end with fibrosis and permanent swelling (Lymphedema). Many Ayurvedic herbal and herbo-mineral drugs were successfully used internally to reduce chronic filarial swelling (lymphedema), but there is an ultimate need to find an external application to reduce the acute symptoms like lymphangitis, wounds and ulcers. Kandughna taila is a Ayurvedic herbal oil prepared from Kandughna Dashaimani (a group of 10 drugs indicated in Itching) of Caraka samhita. This Kandughna taila was selected to study externally on Filarial patients. As a part of PhD study to find the efficacy of drug this oil alone was used in 28 patients in an open clinical trail. Encouraging results were observed during and after 30 days of treatment. Out of 28 cases, 8 (28.8%) got good response, 15 (53.6%) got fair response, 2 (7.1%) got poor response and 3 (10.7%) cases did not show any response. Overall 63.68% relief was found in all acute clinical parameters. Parameter wise 62% of relief in lymphangitis, 56.1% in pain, 62.5% in tenderness, 77.78% relief in wound/ ulcer were found. In statistical analysis based paired t-test relief on acute symptoms like lymphangitis, pain, tenderness, wound were found highly significant (P<0.0001). Statistically overall effect of treatment on acute symptoms was also found highly significant (P<0.0001)

CYTOTOXICITY OF CHLOROFORM EXTRACT OF TODDALIA ASIATICA L. LEAF

The diverse and magnificent plant kingdom of the world is widely known for its medicinal importance. The potential medicinal properties of plant species have contributed significantly in the development of various herbal therapies for a number of diseases across the globe. The benefits of herbal medicine over allopathic medicine have helped medicinal plants to regain their importance in the field of health and medicine. Cancer is one of the major health problems that have widely affected the worlds population. There is a great need to combat this disease with better and more effective medication as compared to existing therapies. Toddalia asiatica belongs to Rutaceae, a woody liana, is used traditionally in the treatment of malaria, sprains, cough, fever, neuralgia, epilepsy, dyspepsia and other disease conditions. Extracts of the plant have been reported to have anticancer, anti-HIV, antimicrobial, antifeedant activities. In the present study an attempt has been made to investigate the cytotoxic effect of chloroform extracts of Toddalia asiatica leaves on cervical cancer cells. Extracts were studied for their toxicity by trypan blue dye exclusion assay, Cell viability was studied by LDH assay and Apoptosis was measured by DNA fragmentation assay. The study clearly showed the dose dependent cytotoxic effect of extract in HeLa cell line with an CTC50 of 170.00. The LDH leakage was observed in an dose dependent manner with an LDH IU/mg of total protein of 38.92.The dying cells showed characteristics of apoptosis such as, DNA fragmentation at both the concentrations that is at 100 and 200µg/ml. The data in the present study clearly demonstrated cytotoxic effects of extract on human cervical cancer cells

PHARMACOGNOSTICAL STANDARDIZATION OF HUGONIA MYSTAX L. LEAVES

The present study discloses detailed pharmacognostical profile of leaves of Hugonia mystax L. This plant belongs to family Linaceae and an important medicinal plant in the Indian system of medicine. This species is has a restricted global distribution, occurring only in India and Sri Lanka. In the present study leaves of H. mystax were subjected for macroscopical, microscopical, physicochemical, phytochemical, fluorescence and H.P.T.L.C. analysis. The microscopical studies revealed the presence of shield shaped vascular bundle accompanied by 2 to 1 small accessory vascular bundles in the midrib region, pericyclic fibers around the vascular bundle, rubiaceous type stomata in lower region, presence of abundant rhomboidal to prism shaped calcium oxalate crystals, presence of reddish tannin content in palisade region and presence of abundant fibers. To determine extent of adulteration as well as to establish the quality and purity of drug, Physicochemical parameters like loss on drying, total ash value, acid insoluble ash, water insoluble ash, various extractive values etc., were carried out and revealed the total ash value as 8.7%, of which, 1.34% was acid insoluble ash, and 2.25% was water soluble ash and 5.8 % water insoluble. The extractive values were found to be 18.54% and 13.42% for water and alcohol respectively, which indicated higher extractive value for water compared to alcohol. Further, qualitative tests for various functional groups like Triterpenoids, alkaloids, glycosides etc., were carried out and H.P.T.L.C. profile was also established with Methanolic extract