2 research outputs found

    Aula de emprendimiento y aprendizaje basado en proyectos en el m贸dulo de FOL: el esp铆ritu emprendedor situado

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    Esta propuesta pretende introducir una innovaci贸n educativa en materia de emprendimiento dirigida al m贸dulo de Formaci贸n y Orientaci贸n Laboral (FOL), presente en diferentes ciclos formativos de grado medio y superior. Tanto la pol铆tica educativa europea como la espa帽ola consideran la educaci贸n emprendedora y por competencias elementos clave para resolver las problem谩ticas socioecon贸micas y los retos a los que se enfrenta nuestra sociedad. En esta l铆nea, y con base en el aprendizaje situado de Vigotsky, esta propuesta tiene como objetivo favorecer la adquisici贸n de la competencia emprendedora y de las soft-vocational skills (habilidades personales, sociales y profesionales), consideradas complementarias, a partir de la sinergia resultante de estos elementos: la metodolog铆a Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos (ABP), el aula de emprendimiento y los contenidos de FOL B煤squeda activa de empleo y Gesti贸n del conflicto y equipos de trabajo. Con ello se espera contribuir a impulsar la cultura emprendedora sobre la base de una educaci贸n humanizadora que dote al individuo de las herramientas y habilidades necesarias no s贸lo para ser capaz de emprender un negocio, sino tambi茅n y sobre todo para que la relaci贸n consigo mismo y con su entorno se construya de forma equilibrada y redunde as铆 en el beneficio personal, social y comunitario

    Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)

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    In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Thus, it is important to formulate on a regular basis updated guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Despite numerous reviews, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to evaluate autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present a set of guidelines for investigators to select and interpret methods to examine autophagy and related processes, and for reviewers to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of reports that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a dogmatic set of rules, because the appropriateness of any assay largely depends on the question being asked and the system being used. Moreover, no individual assay is perfect for every situation, calling for the use of multiple techniques to properly monitor autophagy in each experimental setting. Finally, several core components of the autophagy machinery have been implicated in distinct autophagic processes (canonical and noncanonical autophagy), implying that genetic approaches to block autophagy should rely on targeting two or more autophagy-related genes that ideally participate in distinct steps of the pathway. Along similar lines, because multiple proteins involved in autophagy also regulate other cellular pathways including apoptosis, not all of them can be used as a specific marker for bona fide autophagic responses. Here, we critically discuss current methods of assessing autophagy and the information they can, or cannot, provide. Our ultimate goal is to encourage intellectual and technical innovation in the field
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