1,977 research outputs found
Effect of thermal exposure, forming, and welding on high-temperature, dispersion-strengthened aluminum alloy: Al-8Fe-1V-2Si
The feasibility of applying conventional hot forming and welding methods to high temperature aluminum alloy, Al-8Fe-1V-2Si (FVS812), for structural applications and the effect of thermal exposure on mechanical properties were determined. FVS812 (AA8009) sheet exhibited good hot forming and resistance welding characteristics. It was brake formed to 90 deg bends (0.5T bend radius) at temperatures greater than or equal to 390 C (730 F), indicating the feasibility of fabricating basic shapes, such as angles and zees. Hot forming of simple contoured-flanged parts was demonstrated. Resistance spot welds with good static and fatigue strength at room and elevated temperatures were readily produced. Extended vacuum degassing during billet fabrication reduced porosity in fusion and resistance welds. However, electron beam welding was not possible because of extreme degassing during welding, and gas-tungsten-arc welds were not acceptable because of severely degraded mechanical properties. The FVS812 alloy exhibited excellent high temperature strength stability after thermal exposures up to 315 C (600 F) for 1000 h. Extended billet degassing appeared to generally improve tensile ductility, fatigue strength, and notch toughness. But the effects of billet degassing and thermal exposure on properties need to be further clarified. The manufacture of zee-stiffened, riveted, and resistance-spot-welded compression panels was demonstrated
Test in a beam of large-area Micromegas chambers for sampling calorimetry
Application of Micromegas for sampling calorimetry puts specific constraints
on the design and performance of this gaseous detector. In particular, uniform
and linear response, low noise and stability against high ionisation density
deposits are prerequisites to achieving good energy resolution. A
Micromegas-based hadronic calorimeter was proposed for an application at a
future linear collider experiment and three technologically advanced prototypes
of 11 m were constructed. Their merits relative to the
above-mentioned criteria are discussed on the basis of measurements performed
at the CERN SPS test-beam facility
Scale invariant correlations and the distribution of prime numbers
Negative correlations in the distribution of prime numbers are found to
display a scale invariance. This occurs in conjunction with a nonstationary
behavior. We compare the prime number series to a type of fractional Brownian
motion which incorporates both the scale invariance and the nonstationary
behavior. Interesting discrepancies remain. The scale invariance also appears
to imply the Riemann hypothesis and we study the use of the former as a test of
the latter.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures, version to appear in J. Phys.
Maturation-dependent responses of human neuronal cells to western equine encephalitis virus infection and type I interferons
AbstractInnate cell-autonomous antiviral responses are essential first lines of defense against central nervous system infections but may also contribute to neuropathogenesis. We investigated the relationships between innate immunity and neuronal differentiation using an in vitro culture system with human cell lines to analyze cellular responses to the neurotropic alphavirus western equine encephalitis virus. Human neuronal cells displayed a maturation-dependent reduction in virus-induced cytopathology that was independent of autocrine interferon α or β activity. In addition, maturation was associated with enhanced responsiveness to exogenous stimuli, such that differentiated neurons required five- to ten-fold less type I interferon to suppress viral replication or virus-induced cytopathology compared to immature cells, although this enhanced responsiveness extended to only a subset of unique type I interferons. These results demonstrate that maturation-dependent changes in human neuronal cells may be key determinants in the innate immune response to infections with neurotropic alphaviruses
Charged Bilepton Pair Production at LHC Including Exotic Quark Contribution
The production of pair in hadron colliders was calculated up to
loop corrections by some authors in the Electroweak standard model (SM)
framework. This production was also calculated, at the tree level, in some
extensions of the SM such as the vector singlet, the fermion mirror fermion and
the vector doublet models by considering the contributions of new neutral gauge
bosons and exotic fermions. The obtained results for and
collisions pointed out that the new physics contributions are quite important.
This motivates us to calculate the production of a more massive charged gauge
boson predicted by the model (3-3-1
model). Thus, the aim of the present paper is to analyze the role played by of
the extra gauge boson and of the exotic quarks, predicted in the
minimal version of the 3-3-1 model, by considering the inclusive production of
a pair of bileptons () in the reaction , at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) energies.
Our results show that the correct energy behavior of the elementary cross
section follows from the balance between the contributions of the extra neutral
gauge boson with those from the exotic quarks. The extra neutral gauge boson
induces flavor-changing neutral currents (FCNC) at tree level, and we have
introduced the ordinary quark mixing matrices for the model when the first
family transforms differently to the other two with respect to . We
obtain a huge number of heavy bilepton pairs produced for two different values
of the center of mass energy of the LHC.Comment: 23 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables. To be published in Nuclear Physics
Trace Spaces: an Efficient New Technique for State-Space Reduction
State-space reduction techniques, used primarily in model-checkers, all rely
on the idea that some actions are independent, hence could be taken in any
(respective) order while put in parallel, without changing the semantics. It is
thus not necessary to consider all execution paths in the interleaving
semantics of a concurrent program, but rather some equivalence classes. The
purpose of this paper is to describe a new algorithm to compute such
equivalence classes, and a representative per class, which is based on ideas
originating in algebraic topology. We introduce a geometric semantics of
concurrent languages, where programs are interpreted as directed topological
spaces, and study its properties in order to devise an algorithm for computing
dihomotopy classes of execution paths. In particular, our algorithm is able to
compute a control-flow graph for concurrent programs, possibly containing
loops, which is "as reduced as possible" in the sense that it generates traces
modulo equivalence. A preliminary implementation was achieved, showing
promising results towards efficient methods to analyze concurrent programs,
with very promising results compared to partial-order reduction techniques
Electronic thermal transport in strongly correlated multilayered nanostructures
The formalism for a linear-response many-body treatment of the electronic
contributions to thermal transport is developed for multilayered
nanostructures. By properly determining the local heat-current operator, it is
possible to show that the Jonson-Mahan theorem for the bulk can be extended to
inhomogeneous problems, so the various thermal-transport coefficient integrands
are related by powers of frequency (including all effects of vertex corrections
when appropriate). We illustrate how to use this formalism by showing how it
applies to measurements of the Peltier effect, the Seebeck effect, and the
thermal conductance.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Internal convection in thermoelectric generator models
Coupling between heat and electrical currents is at the heart of
thermoelectric processes. From a thermal viewpoint this may be seen as an
additional thermal flux linked to the appearance of electrical current in a
given thermoelectric system. Since this additional flux is associated to the
global displacement of charge carriers in the system, it can be qualified as
convective in opposition to the conductive part associated with both phonons
transport and heat transport by electrons under open circuit condition, as,
e.g., in the Wiedemann-Franz relation. In this article we demonstrate that
considering the convective part of the thermal flux allows both new insight
into the thermoelectric energy conversion and the derivation of the maximum
power condition for generators with realistic thermal coupling.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figure
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Apportionment of primary and secondary organic aerosols in Southern California during the 2005 Study of Organic Aerosols in Riverside (SOAR-1)
Ambient sampling was conducted in Riverside, California during the 2005 Study of Organic Aerosols in Riverside to characterize the composition and sources of organic aerosol using a variety of state-of-the-art instrumentation and source apportionment techniques. The secondary organic aerosol (SOA) mass is estimated by elemental carbon and carbon monoxide tracer methods, water soluble organic carbon content, chemical mass balance of organic molecular markers, and positive matrix factorization of high-resolution aerosol mass spectrometer data. Estimates obtained from each of these methods indicate that the organic fraction in ambient aerosol is overwhelmingly secondary in nature during a period of several weeks with moderate ozone concentrations and that SOA is the single largest component of PM1 aerosol in Riverside. Average SOA/OA contributions of 70−90% were observed during midday periods, whereas minimum SOA contributions of ~45% were observed during peak morning traffic periods. These results are contrary to previous estimates of SOA throughout the Los Angeles Basin which reported that, other than during severe photochemical smog episodes, SOA was lower than primary OA. Possible reasons for these differences are discussed
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