Evaluation of the neuroprotective effects of electromagnetic fields and coenzyme Q 10 on hippocampal injury in mouse

Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) are reported to interfere with chemical reactions involving free radical production. Coenzyme Q 10 (CoQ10) is a strong antioxidant with some neuroprotective activities. The purpose of this study was to examine and compare the neuroprotective effects of EMF and CoQ10 in a mouse model of hippocampal injury. Hippocampal injury was induced in mature female mice (25–30 g), using an intraperitoneal injection of trimethyltin hydroxide (TMT; 2.5 mg/kg). The experimental groups were exposed to EMF at a frequency of 50 Hz and intensity of 5.9 mT for 7 hr daily over 1 week or treated with CoQ10 (10 mg/kg) for 2 weeks following TMT injection. A Morris water maze apparatus was used to assess learning and spatial memory. Nissl staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) tests were also performed for the histopathological analysis of the hippocampus. Antiapoptotic genes were studied, using the Western blot technique. The water maze test showed memory improvement following treatment with CoQ10 and coadministration of CoQ10 + EMF. The Nissl staining and TUNEL tests indicated a decline in necrotic and apoptotic cell count following treatment with CoQ10 and coadministration of CoQ10 + EMF. The Western blot study indicated the upregulation of antiapoptotic genes in treatment with CoQ10, as well as coadministration. Also, treatment with EMF had no significant effects on reducing damage induced by TMT in the hippocampus. According to the results, EMF had no significant neuroprotective effects in comparison with CoQ10 on hippocampal injury in mice. Nevertheless, coadministration of EMF and CoQ10 could improve the neuroprotective effects of CoQ1

Surgical outcomes and local recurrence following total or subtotal gastrectomy for early adenocarcinoma of antrum

Objective: The choice between total gastrectomy (TG) and subtotal gastrectomy (STG) for early adenocarcinoma of the lower third of the stomach is still a matter of debate and controversy amongst surgeons. The aim of this study was to compare the surgical outcomes, quality of life (QoL), and local recurrence rates as well as other results of curative resection of early distal adenocarcinoma of the stomach using TG or STG performed in Iran. Methods: Hospital records of 66 patients with early distal adenocarcinoma of stomach that underwent even total or subtotal gastrectomy with perigastric (D2) lymphadenectomy between October 2001 and February 2006 in Taleghani Hospital, Iran were reviewed retrospectively. Demographic data as well as clinicopathological factors including number of involved lymph nodes, tumor grading, depth of invation, tumor size, and tumor type were recorded. Post-operative outcomes including mortality and morbidity, tumor recurrence and quality of life were assessed. Univariate analyses using Fisher's exact test, the Student t-test, and the Pearson x2 test were used. Results: Local recurrence of tumor was found in 8 (23) TG group patients and in 19 (61) patients of STG group, the Pearson x2 test showed a significant higher recurrence rate in STG (P value=0.002, Relative Risk=2.68, Confidence Interval: 1.37-5.24).The mean time interval between gastrectomy and tumor recurrence was not different between TG and STG. (19.75±5.1 vs. 18.0±7.8 respectively; P value=0.507) Tumor size >5 cm (P value=0.004), diffuse type (P value=0.034), poor differentiation (P value=0.000) and serosal invasion (P value=0.012) were found to be significantly related to tumor recurrence in patients undergone gastrectomy. In none of the QoL measures a significant difference was found between TG and STG. Conclusion: Our results show that subtotal and total gastrectomy methods with perigastric lymphadenectomy have a similar postoperative complication rate and surgical outcomes as well as patient's QoL but STG was associated to a more than twofold increase in local recurrence risk

Evaluation of the neuroprotective effects of electromagnetic fields and coenzyme Q 10 on hippocampal injury in mouse

Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) are reported to interfere with chemical reactions involving free radical production. Coenzyme Q 10 (CoQ10) is a strong antioxidant with some neuroprotective activities. The purpose of this study was to examine and compare the neuroprotective effects of EMF and CoQ10 in a mouse model of hippocampal injury. Hippocampal injury was induced in mature female mice (25�30 g), using an intraperitoneal injection of trimethyltin hydroxide (TMT; 2.5 mg/kg). The experimental groups were exposed to EMF at a frequency of 50 Hz and intensity of 5.9 mT for 7 hr daily over 1 week or treated with CoQ10 (10 mg/kg) for 2 weeks following TMT injection. A Morris water maze apparatus was used to assess learning and spatial memory. Nissl staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) tests were also performed for the histopathological analysis of the hippocampus. Antiapoptotic genes were studied, using the Western blot technique. The water maze test showed memory improvement following treatment with CoQ10 and coadministration of CoQ10 + EMF. The Nissl staining and TUNEL tests indicated a decline in necrotic and apoptotic cell count following treatment with CoQ10 and coadministration of CoQ10 + EMF. The Western blot study indicated the upregulation of antiapoptotic genes in treatment with CoQ10, as well as coadministration. Also, treatment with EMF had no significant effects on reducing damage induced by TMT in the hippocampus. According to the results, EMF had no significant neuroprotective effects in comparison with CoQ10 on hippocampal injury in mice. Nevertheless, coadministration of EMF and CoQ10 could improve the neuroprotective effects of CoQ10. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc