1,272 research outputs found
Confidence Ranking for CTR Prediction
Model evolution and constant availability of data are two common phenomena in
large-scale real-world machine learning applications, e.g. ads and
recommendation systems. To adapt, the real-world system typically retrain with
all available data and online learn with recently available data to update the
models periodically with the goal of better serving performance. In this paper,
we propose a novel framework, named Confidence Ranking, which designs the
optimization objective as a ranking function with two different models. Our
confidence ranking loss allows direct optimization of the logits output for
different convex surrogate functions of metrics, e.g. AUC and Accuracy
depending on the target task and dataset. Armed with our proposed methods, our
experiments show that the introduction of confidence ranking loss can
outperform all baselines on the CTR prediction tasks of public and industrial
datasets. This framework has been deployed in the advertisement system of
JD.com to serve the main traffic in the fine-rank stage.Comment: Accepted by WWW202
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Paxillin facilitates timely neurite initiation on soft-substrate environments by interacting with the endocytic machinery.
Neurite initiation is the first step in neuronal development and occurs spontaneously in soft tissue environments. Although the mechanisms regulating the morphology of migratory cells on rigid substrates in cell culture are widely known, how soft environments modulate neurite initiation remains elusive. Using hydrogel cultures, pharmacologic inhibition, and genetic approaches, we reveal that paxillin-linked endocytosis and adhesion are components of a bistable switch controlling neurite initiation in a substrate modulus-dependent manner. On soft substrates, most paxillin binds to endocytic factors and facilitates vesicle invagination, elevating neuritogenic Rac1 activity and expression of genes encoding the endocytic machinery. By contrast, on rigid substrates, cells develop extensive adhesions, increase RhoA activity and sequester paxillin from the endocytic machinery, thereby delaying neurite initiation. Our results highlight paxillin as a core molecule in substrate modulus-controlled morphogenesis and define a mechanism whereby neuronal cells respond to environments exhibiting varying mechanical properties
On the English Learning with NNS-NNS Pair Work Format in “EZ TALK” Program
[[abstract]]Since the late 20th century globalization has become a worldwide trend and English is by far the
language of choice for international communications. Hence, learning English as a lingua franca (ELF)
is a pressing issue for many non-English-speaking countries. In response to this issue the program “EZ
TALK,” pairs international graduate students on campus with domestic college students in an informal
setting to engage in casual conversations in English in a NNS-NNS (non native speaker of English) pair
work format. It provides the participants with a simulated environment where English is the only way
to communicate, and thus encourages participants to practice oral communication skills.
The objectives of this study aim to explore the learning attitudes of the participants and to
measure the program effectiveness in improving their oral communication skills. Through quantitative
research methods this study found that most “EZ TALK” participants had a clear focus on developing
the skills of English listening and speaking when coming into the program, but with certain learning
preferences and difficulties. This study also showed that the program was effective as an extracurricular
aid in improving the oral communications skill of the participants. Based on the research results,
specific suggestions are provided for further improvement of the “EZ TALK” program design
Ocimum gratissimum Aqueous Extract Induces Apoptotic Signalling in Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell A549
Ocimum gratissimum (OG) is widely used as a traditional herb for its antibacterial activity in Taiwan. Recently, antitumor effect of OG on breast cancer cell is also reported; however, the effects of OG on human pulmonary adenocarcinoma cell A549 remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether aqueous OG extract (OGE) affects viability of A549 cells and the signals induced by OGE in A549 cells. Cell viability assays revealed that OGE significantly and dose-dependently decreased the viability of A549 cell but not that of BEAS-2B cell. Morphological examination and DAPI staining indicated that OGE induced cell shrinkage and DNA condensation for A549 cells. Further investigation showed that OGE enhanced activation of caspase-3, caspase-9 and caspase-8 and increased protein level of Apaf-1 and Bak, but diminished the level of Bcl-2. Additionally, OGE inhibited the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) yet enhanced the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 MAP kinase (p38). In conclusion, our findings indicate that OGE suppressed the cell viability of A549 cells, which may result from the activation of apoptotic signaling and the inhibition of anti-apoptotic signaling, suggesting that OGE might be beneficial to lung carcinoma treatment
Factors Affecting Daughter Cells' Arrangement during the Early Bacterial Divisions
On agar plates, daughter cells of Escherichia coli mutually slide and align side-by-side in parallel during the first round of binary fission. This phenomenon has been previously attributed to an elastic material that restricts apparently separated bacteria from being in string. We hypothesize that the interaction between bacteria and the underneath substratum may affect the arrangement of the daughter bacteria. To test this hypothesis, bacterial division on hyaluronic acid (HA) gel, as an alternative substratum, was examined. Consistent with our proposition, the HA gel differs from agar by suppressing the typical side-by-side alignments to a rare population. Examination of bacterial surface molecules that may contribute to the daughter cells' arrangement yielded an observation that, with disrupted lpp, the E. coli daughter cells increasingly formed non-typical patterns, i.e. neither sliding side-by-side in parallel nor forming elongated strings. Therefore, our results suggest strongly that the early cell patterning is affected by multiple interaction factors. With oscillatory optical tweezers, we further demonstrated that the interaction force decreased in bacteria without Lpp, a result substantiating our notion that the side-by-side sliding phenomenon directly reflects the strength of in-situ interaction between bacteria and substratum
Role of dimensional crossover on spin-orbit torque efficiency in magnetic insulator thin films
Magnetic insulators (MIs) attract tremendous interest for spintronic
applications due to low Gilbert damping and absence of Ohmic loss. Magnetic
order of MIs can be manipulated and even switched by spin-orbit torques (SOTs)
generated through spin Hall effect and Rashba-Edelstein effect in heavy
metal/MI bilayers. SOTs on MIs are more intriguing than magnetic metals since
SOTs cannot be transferred to MIs through direct injection of electron spins.
Understanding of SOTs on MIs remains elusive, especially how SOTs scale with
the film thickness. Here, we observe the critical role of dimensionality on the
SOT efficiency by systematically studying the MI layer thickness dependent SOT
efficiency in tungsten/thulium iron garnet (W/TmIG) bilayers. We first show
that the TmIG thin film evolves from two-dimensional to three-dimensional
magnetic phase transitions as the thickness increases, due to the suppression
of long-wavelength thermal fluctuation. Then, we report the significant
enhancement of the measured SOT efficiency as the thickness increases. We
attribute this effect to the increase of the magnetic moment density in concert
with the suppression of thermal fluctuations. At last, we demonstrate the
current-induced SOT switching in the W/TmIG bilayers with a TmIG thickness up
to 15 nm. The switching current density is comparable with those of heavy
metal/ferromagnetic metal cases. Our findings shed light on the understanding
of SOTs in MIs, which is important for the future development of ultrathin
MI-based low-power spintronics
The potential impact of primary headache disorders on stroke risk
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