1,919 research outputs found
Biomedical applications team tasks
The status of the biomedical applications team is discussed along with its activity in applications engineering. Various technology requests are summarized
“I Don’t Think That’s Something I’ve Ever Thought About Really Before”: A Thematic Discursive Analysis of Lay People’s Talk about Legal Gender
© The Author(s) 2023. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, to view a copy of the license, see: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This article examines three divergent constructions about the salience of legal gender in lay people’s everyday lives and readiness to decertify gender. In our interviews (and survey data), generally participants minimised the importance of legal gender. The central argument in this article is that feminist socio-legal scholars applying legal consciousness studies to legal reform topics should find scrutinizing the construction of interview talk useful. We illustrate this argument by adapting and applying Ewick and Silbey’s (1998) ‘The Common Place of Law: Stories from Everyday Life', ‘before’, ‘with’ and ‘against’ typology to interview talk about legal gender, and critique their cognitivist approach by offering a constructionist alternative. In our analysis, we offer a detailed discursive explication of three key legal consciousness themes. These themes offer a balanced representation of a dataset problematically ‘skewed’ towards sex-based rights feminist perspectives, namely that ‘before’ legal gender is an anti-decertification account, decertification would be risky for natal females; a ‘with’ legal gender construction is neither for nor against decertification per se, though the impact of decertification is produced in accounts as limited and unimportant; and ‘against’ legal gender is a pro-decertification classification, as not abolished legal gender is constructed as harmful to already marginalised groups. In concluding, we explore the reasoning for the lack of readiness for decertification currently, and return to the value of examining the construction of lay discourse about legal matters as talk is a form of social action. We suggest that applying discursive analysis to themes in legal consciousness studies enables a refocusing on the how rather than purely the what of divergent legal consciousnesses, and that this approach is a fruitful addition to feminist socio-legal studies.Peer reviewe
An examination of the precipitation delivery mechanisms for Dolleman Island, eastern Antarctic Peninsula
Copyright @ 2004 Wiley-BlackwellThe variability of size and source of significant precipitation events were studied at an Antarctic ice core drilling site: Dolleman Island (DI), located on the eastern coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. Significant precipitation events that occur at DI were temporally located in the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF) reanalysis data set, ERA-40. The annual and summer precipitation totals from ERA-40 at DI both show significant increases over the reanalysis period. Three-dimensional backwards air parcel trajectories were then run for 5 d using the ECMWF ERA-15 wind fields. Cluster analyses were performed on two sets of these backwards trajectories: all days in the range 1979–1992 (the climatological time-scale) and a subset of days when a significant precipitation event occurred. The principal air mass sources and delivery mechanisms were found to be the Weddell Sea via lee cyclogenesis, the South Atlantic when there was a weak circumpolar trough (CPT) and the South Pacific when the CPT was deep. The occurrence of precipitation bearing air masses arriving via a strong CPT was found to have a significant correlation with the southern annular mode (SAM); however, the arrival of air masses from the same region over the climatological time-scale showed no such correlation. Despite the dominance in both groups of back trajectories of the westerly circulation around Antarctica, some other key patterns were identified. Most notably there was a higher frequency of lee cyclogenesis events in the significant precipitation trajectories compared to the climatological time-scale. There was also a tendency for precipitation trajectories to come from more northerly latitudes, mostly from 50–70°S. The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) was found to have a strong influence on the mechanism by which the precipitation was delivered; the frequency of occurrence of precipitation from the east (west) of DI increased during El Niño (La Niña) events
Transport and Spectroscopic Studies of the Effects of Fullerene Structure on the Efficiency and Lifetime of Polythiophene-based Solar Cells
Time-dependent measurements of both power conversion efficiency and
ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy have been observed for solar cell
blends containing the polymer poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) with two
different functionalized C60 electron acceptor molecules: commercially
available [6,6]-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) or [6,6]-phenyl C61
butyric acid octadecyl ester (PCBOD) produced in this laboratory. Efficiency
was found to decay with an exponential time dependence, while spectroscopic
features show saturating exponential behavior. Time constants extracted from
both types of measurements showed reasonable agreement for samples produced
from the same blend. In comparison to the PCBM samples, the stability of the
PCBOD blends was significantly enhanced, while both absorption and power
conversion efficiency were decreased.Comment: manuscript submitted to Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cell
A multi-physics computational model of fuel sloshing effects on aeroelastic behaviour
AbstractA multi-physics computational method is presented to model the effect of internally and externally-carried fuel on aeroelastic behaviour of a pitch–plunge aerofoil model through the transonic regime. The model comprises three strongly coupled solvers: a compressible finite-volume Euler code for the external flow, a two-degree of freedom spring model and a smoothed particle hydrodynamics solver for the fuel. The smoothed particle hydrodynamics technique was selected as this brings the benefit that nonlinear behaviour such as wave breaking and tank wall impacts may be included. Coupling is accomplished using an iterative method with subcycling of the fuel solver to resolve the differing timestep requirements. Results from the fuel-structural system are validated experimentally, and internally and externally-carried fuel is considered using time marching analysis. Results show that the influence of the fuel, ignoring the added mass effect, is to raise the flutter boundary at transonic speeds, but that this effect is less pronounced at lower Mach numbers. The stability boundary crossing is also found to be less abrupt when the effect of fuel is included and limit cycles often appear. An external fuel tank is seen to exhibit a lower stability boundary, while the response shows a beating effect symptomatic of two similar frequency components, potentially due to interaction between vertical and horizontal fuel motion
Μελέτη επιπτώσεων συνδρομολόγησηςεφαρμογών σε πολυπύρηνες αρχιτεκτονικές
Understanding viral transmission dynamics within populations of reservoir hosts can facilitate greater knowledge of the spillover of emerging infectious diseases. While bat-borne viruses are of concern to public health, investigations into their dynamics have been limited by a lack of longitudinal data from individual bats. Here, we examine capture-mark-recapture (CMR) data from a species of Australian bat (Myotis macropus) infected with a putative novel Alphacoronavirus within a Bayesian framework. Then, we developed epidemic models to estimate the effect of persistently infectious individuals (which shed viruses for extensive periods) on the probability of viral maintenance within the study population. We found that the CMR data analysis supported grouping of infectious bats into persistently and transiently infectious bats. Maintenance of coronavirus within the study population was more likely in an epidemic model that included both persistently and transiently infectious bats, compared with the epidemic model with non-grouping of bats. These findings, using rare CMR data from longitudinal samples of individual bats, increase our understanding of transmission dynamics of bat viral infectious diseases
Advanced sensors technology survey
This project assesses the state-of-the-art in advanced or 'smart' sensors technology for NASA Life Sciences research applications with an emphasis on those sensors with potential applications on the space station freedom (SSF). The objectives are: (1) to conduct literature reviews on relevant advanced sensor technology; (2) to interview various scientists and engineers in industry, academia, and government who are knowledgeable on this topic; (3) to provide viewpoints and opinions regarding the potential applications of this technology on the SSF; and (4) to provide summary charts of relevant technologies and centers where these technologies are being developed
The growth of structure in the Szekeres inhomogeneous cosmological models and the matter-dominated era
This study belongs to a series devoted to using Szekeres inhomogeneous models
to develop a theoretical framework where observations can be investigated with
a wider range of possible interpretations. We look here into the growth of
large-scale structure in the models. The Szekeres models are exact solutions to
Einstein's equations that were originally derived with no symmetries. We use a
formulation of the models that is due to Goode and Wainwright, who considered
the models as exact perturbations of an FLRW background. Using the Raychaudhuri
equation, we write for the two classes of the models, exact growth equations in
terms of the under/overdensity and measurable cosmological parameters. The new
equations in the overdensity split into two informative parts. The first part,
while exact, is identical to the growth equation in the usual linearly
perturbed FLRW models, while the second part constitutes exact non-linear
perturbations. We integrate numerically the full exact growth rate equations
for the flat and curved cases. We find that for the matter-dominated era, the
Szekeres growth rate is up to a factor of three to five stronger than the usual
linearly perturbed FLRW cases, reflecting the effect of exact Szekeres
non-linear perturbations. The growth is also stronger than that of the
non-linear spherical collapse model, and the difference between the two
increases with time. This highlights the distinction when we use general
inhomogeneous models where shear and a tidal gravitational field are present
and contribute to the gravitational clustering. Additionally, it is worth
observing that the enhancement of the growth found in the Szekeres models
during the matter-dominated era could suggest a substitute to the argument that
dark matter is needed when using FLRW models to explain the enhanced growth and
resulting large-scale structures that we observe today (abridged)Comment: 18 pages, 4 figures, matches PRD accepted versio
The C-Band All-Sky Survey (C-BASS): Constraining diffuse Galactic radio emission in the North Celestial Pole region
The C-Band All-Sky Survey C-BASS is a high-sensitivity all-sky radio survey
at an angular resolution of 45 arcmin and a frequency of 4.7 GHz. We present a
total intensity 4.7 GHz map of the North Celestial Pole (NCP) region of sky,
above declination +80 deg, which is limited by source confusion at a level of
~0.6 mK rms. We apply the template-fitting (cross-correlation) technique to
WMAP and Planck data, using the C-BASS map as the synchrotron template, to
investigate the contribution of diffuse foreground emission at frequencies
~20-40 GHz. We quantify the anomalous microwave emission (AME) that is
correlated with far-infrared dust emission. The AME amplitude does not change
significantly (<10%) when using the higher frequency C-BASS 4.7 GHz template
instead of the traditional Haslam 408 MHz map as a tracer of synchrotron
radiation. We measure template coefficients of and
K per unit when using the Haslam and C-BASS synchrotron templates,
respectively. The AME contributes K rms at 22.8 GHz and accounts
for ~60% of the total foreground emission. Our results suggest that a harder
(flatter spectrum) component of synchrotron emission is not dominant at
frequencies >5 GHz; the best-fitting synchrotron temperature spectral index is
from 4.7 to 22.8 GHz and from 22.8 to
44.1 GHz. Free-free emission is weak, contributing ~K rms (~7%) at 22.8
GHz. The best explanation for the AME is still electric dipole emission from
small spinning dust grains.Comment: 18 pages, 6 figures, version matches version accepted by MNRA
SKA studies of nearby galaxies : star-formation, accretion processes and molecular gas across all environments
Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike LicenceThe SKA will be a transformational instrument in the study of our local Universe. In particular, by virtue of its high sensitivity (both to point sources and diffuse low surface brightness emission), angular resolution and the frequency ranges covered, the SKA will undertake a very wide range of astrophysical research in the field of nearby galaxies. By surveying vast numbers of nearby galaxies of all types with Jy sensitivity and sub-arcsecond angular resolutions at radio wavelengths, the SKA will provide the cornerstone of our understanding of star-formation and accretion activity in the local Universe. In this chapter we outline the key continuum and molecular line science areas where the SKA, both during phase-1 and when it becomes the full SKA, will have a significant scientific impact.Peer reviewedFinal Published versio
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