Wave-induced extreme water levels in the Puerto Morelos fringing reef lagoon

Wave-induced extreme water levels in the Puerto Morelos fringing reef lagoon are investigated by means of a phase-resolving non-hydrostatic wave model (SWASH). This model solves the nonlinear shallow water equations including non-hydrostatic pressure. The one-dimensional version of the model is implemented in order to investigate wave transformation in fringing reefs. Firstly, the numerical model is validated with (i) laboratory experiments conducted on a physical model (Demirbilek et al., 2007)and (ii) field observations (Coronado et al., 2007). Numerical results show good agreement with both experimental and field data. The comparison against the physical model results, for energetic wave conditions, indicates that high- and low-frequency wave transformation is well reproduced. Moreover, extreme water-level conditions measured during the passage of Hurricane Ivan in Puerto Morelos are also estimated by the numerical tool. Subsequently, the model is implemented at different along-reef locations in Puerto Morelos. Extreme water levels, wave-induced setup, and infragravity wave energy are estimated inside the reef lagoon for different storm wave conditions (<i>H</i><sub>s</sub> >2 m). The numerical results revealed a strong correlation between the offshore sea-swell wave energy and the setup. In contrast, infragravity waves are shown to be the result of a more complex pattern which heavily relies on the reef geometry. Indeed, the southern end of the reef lagoon provides evidence of resonance excitation, suggesting that the reef barrier may act as either a natural flood protection morphological feature, or as an inundation hazard enhancer depending on the incident wave conditions

Adaptabilidade e estabilidade de linhagens de feijão-caupi de porte ereto em Roraima.

Esse trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar um conjunto de 20 linhagens de feijão-caupi nas condições edafoclimáticas do estado de Roraima e identificar aquelas com alta produtividade de grãos, amplamente adaptadas e com estabilidade de produção. O ensaio foi conduzido nos meses de julho a outubro, em três ambientes e dois ambientes, respectivamente, nos anos de 2010 e 2011 - 2012. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o de blocos casualizados completos com quatro repetições. Cada parcela foi constituida por quatro fileiras de 5 m cada e espaçadas por 0,5 m entre elas, sendo a área útil as duas fileiras centrais. Os dados de produtividade de grãos (peso de grãos na área útil da parcela transformados para kg/ha) foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Scott-Knott a 5% de probabilidade. Posteriormente, as médias dos genótipos em cada ambiente foram submetidas a análise de adaptabilidade e estabilidade de acordo com duas metodologias distintas. As linhagens 31 e 33 se destacaram das demais por ambas as metodologias utilizadas, sendo os materais mais indicados para uso comercial.CONAC 2012. Disponível em: http://www.conac2012.org/resumos/pdf/163a.pdf. Acesso em: 31 jul. 2013

Adaptabilidade e estabilidade de linhagens de feijão-caupi de porte prostrado em Roraima.

Esse trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar um conjunto de 20 linhagens de feijão-caupi nas condições edafoclimáticas do estado de Roraima. O ensaio foi conduzido nos meses de julho a outubro, em três ambientes e dois ambientes, respectivamente, nos anos de 2010 e 2011 - 2012. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o de blocos casualizados completos com quatro repetições. Cada parcela foi constituida por quatro fileiras de 5 m de comprimento cada e espaçadas por 0,8 m entre elas, sendo a área útil as duas fileiras centrais. Os dados de produtividade de grãos (peso de grãos na área útil da parcela transformados para kg/ha) foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Scott-Knott a 5% de probabilidade. Posteriormente, as médias dos genótipos em cada ambiente foram submetidas a análise de adaptabilidade e estabilidade, de acordo com duas metodologias distintas. A linhagem 11 foi a mais produtiva em todos os ambientes considerados, porém apresentou coeficiente de regressão superior a unidade, sendo indicada apenas para ambientes com bom uso de tecnologia. A linhagem 13 foi a segunda mais produtiva dentre as linhagens experimentais, apresentando também ampla adaptabilidade por ambas as metrodologias utilizadas. A cultivar BRS Xiquexique foi a única cultivar comercial, juntamente com a linhagem 11, que esteve no grupo das mais produtivas em todos os ambientes avaliados.CONAC 2012. Disponível em: http://www.conac2012.org/resumos/pdf/163b.pdf. Acesso em: 31 jul. 2013

Saphenous vein graft bypass in the treatment of giant cavernous sinus aneurysms - Report of two cases

Two cases of giant intracavernous aneurysms treated by high now bypass with saphenous vein graft between the external carotid artery (ECA) and branches of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) are presented. Very often these aneurysms are unclippable because they are fusiform or have a large neck, Occlusion of the internal carotid artery (ICA) is the treatment of choice in many eases, This procedure has however a high risk of brain infarction. Revascularization of the brain by extra-intracranial anastomosis between the superficial temporal artery (STA) and branches of the MCA is frequently performed. This procedure provides however a low flow bypass and brain infarction may occur, We report two cases of giant cavernous sinus aneurysms treated by high flow bypass and endovascular balloon occlusion of the LCA, Immediate high now revascularization of MCA branches was achieved and the patients showed no ischemic events. Follow-up of 8 and 14 months alter operation shows patency of the venous graft and no neurological deficits, Angiographic control examination showed complete aneurysm occlusion in both cases.58116216

Public perceptions of hazards associated with Brazil nuts (Bertholletia excelsa) : evaluation of risk within an European context

One of the most important economic plants of the Amazon is the Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa). Brazil nuts for international trade are mainly obtained from wild collection rather than from plantations, often cited as one of the most important products of extractive reserves in Amazonia. The European Commission (2003/493/EC) has imposed strict regulations on the import from Brazil of Brazil nuts in their shells, as the shells have been found to contain high levels of aflatoxins, which can lead to liver cancer. This may have a negative impact on the Brazilian exports of shelled Brazil nuts, due to possible public awareness. The aim of the present research is to assess public perceptions regarding Brazil nuts and to contrast these with other nuts in general through the use of the Portuguese version of the Perceived Food Risk Index (PFRI). A sample of 418 consumers was drawn through a door-to-door interview using a random route walk procedure and following a quota sampling controlled for sex, age and location. Consumers were asked to choose the most relevant quality and preservation characteristics and to identify their consumption patterns for Brazil nuts and for nuts in general. Risk perception was evaluated over ten risk characteristics, for each of the following hazards: i) aflatoxins; ii) biological contaminants; iii) organoleptic changes; iv) fragments and strange bodies and v) microbial contamination. Additionally, subjects were asked to rate the probability of each hazard occurring in Brazil nuts or in nuts in general. Results show high consumptions of nuts in general, and a reduced consumption of Brazil nuts, although with low differences on the dimensions of risk perception. Concluding, this work adds to knowledge about the perceptions of risk connected to Brazil nuts consumption, namely that consumers perceive Brazil nuts as safe as nuts in general

Two-Photon Cooperative Absorption in Colliding Cold Na Atoms

Two-photon cooperative absorption is common in solid-state physics. In a sample of trapped cold atoms, this effect may open up new possibilities for the study of nonlinear effects. The experiment described herein starts with two colliding Na atoms in the S hyperfine ground state. The pair absorb two photons, resulting in both a P-1/2 and a P-3/2 atom. This excitation is observed by ionization using an external light source. A simple model that considers only dipole-dipole interactions between the atoms allows us to understand the basic features observed in the experimental results. Both the pair of generated atoms and the photons originating from their decay are correlated and may have interesting applications that remain to be explored.FAPESP (CEPID)FAPESP/CEPIDCNPq (INCT)CNPq (INCT)CAPESCAPE