EVIDENCIA DE INTROGRESIÓN EN CISTUS HETEROPHYLLUS SUBSP. CARTHAGINENSIS (CISTACEAE) A PARTIR DE MARCADORES MOLECULARES RAPD

In this work nine RAPD primers were used to assess genetic differentiation among C. heterophyllus subsp. carthaginensis from both Murcia and Valencia populations. In addition, we included a C. albidus population, a hybrid sample between C. albidus and C. heterophyllus subsp. carthaginensis and an individual of C. heterophyllus s. str. from Norhtern Africa. Our results (UPGMA cluster, PCO) suggest the existence of introgression processes in Murcian populations caused by inter-specifi c crosses with C. albidus, as well the taxonomic invalidity of subsp. carthaginensis. These results could be of interest to future conservation policies of C. heterophyllus in the Iberian Peninsule.En el presente trabajo se han utilizado 9 cebadores RAPD para estudiar la diferenciación genética entre los individuos de las poblaciones naturales existentes de Cistus heterophyllus subsp. carthaginensis en Valencia y Murcia. Además, se ha incluido en el muestreo individuos de C. albidus, un individuo híbrido entre C. albidus y C. heterophyllus subsp. carthaginensis y un individuo de C. heterophyllus s. str. del Norte de Africa. Los resultados obtenidos (cluster UPGMA, PCO) avalan la hipótesis de la introgresión genética de los individuos de la población murciana con C. albidus, así como la escasa consistencia taxonómica de la subespecie carthaginensis. Los datos obtenidos resultan de interés respecto a las pautas de conservación y gestión de la especie en la Península Ibérica

APORTACIONES COROLÓGICAS PARA LA FLORA VASCULAR DEL SURESTE IBÉRICO

This paper compiles chorological novelties from SE Spain, new records for Albacete province (Blupeurum gibraltaricum, Crataegus granatensis and Castellia tuberculosa), Almería province (Lathyrus annus and Teline monspessulana) and Murcia province (Cleome violacea, Gagea pratensis, Iberis pectinata, Lepidium villarsii subsp. villarsii, Teline monspessulana, Oxalis articulata y Sparganium erectum subsp. Neglectum). Several taxa located in aloctone siliceous sands are cited, probably introduced in an accidental way, actually like adventitious (Coronilla repanda subsp. dura, Hymenocarpos hamosus, Ononis baetica, Ornithopus compressus). Moreover, it has been amplified the distribution of two rare orchid in Murcia (Ophrys incubacea, Serapias lingua).Se recopilan novedades corológicas para la flora del sureste ibérico, que se corresponden con nuevas citas provinciales para Albacete (bupléurum gibraltaricum, Crataegus granatensis y Castellia tuberculosa), Almería (Lathyrus annnus y Teline monspessulana) y Murcia (Cleome violacea, Gagea pratensis, Iberis pectinata, Lepidium villarsii subsp. villarsii, Teline monspessulana, Oxalis articulata y Sparganium erectum subsp. Neglectum). Asimismo, se citan taxones localizados en arenas silíceas alóctonas, posiblemente introducidos de forma accidental y que en la actualidad presentan un carácter adventicio (Coronilla repanda subsp. dura, Hymenocarpos hamosus, Ononis baetica, Ornithopus compressus). Además, se amplía el conocimiento sobre el área de distribución de dos orquídeas poco conocidas en Murcia (Ophrys incubacea, Serapias lengua)

APORTACIONES COROLÓGICAS, NOMENCLATURALES Y TAXONÓMICAS PARA LA FLORA DEL SURESTE IBÉRICO

This paper shows a relationship of chorological notes of Albacete and Murcia. Some of them are new plants for these provinces. Linaria oligantha, Misopates orontium subsp. pusillus and Narcissus yepesii are new species for Albacete. Cenchrus ciliaris, Ornithogalum arabicum and Ranunculus parviflorus are new species for Murcia. Also some chorological notes about barely cited taxa are shown (Astragalus glaux, Narcissus alcaracensis, Narcissus hedraeanthus and Potentilla neumanniana). Two new taxa are combined (Anthemis chrysantha subsp. jimenezii and Centaurea jimenezii) and a new variety is described (Teucrium buxifolium var. Terciae).En el presente trabajo se ofrece una serie de referencias corológicas para el sureste ibérico, de las cuales, unas son nuevas citas provinciales para Albacete (Linaria oligantha, Misopates orontium subsp. pusillus y Narcissus yepesii) y para Murcia (Cenchrus ciliaris, Ornithogalum arabicum y Ranunculus parviflorus) y otras amplían el conocimiento del área de distribución de especies escasamente citadas (Astragalus glaux, Narcissus alcaracensis, Narcissus hedraeanthus y Potentilla neumanniana). Además se combinan 2 nuevos táxones (Anthemis chrysantha subsp. jimenezii y Centaurea jimenezii) y se describe una nueva variedad (Teucrium buxifolium var. Terciae)

NOVEDADES COROLÓGICAS PARA LA FLORA VASCULAR DEL SURESTEN IBÉRICO

Chorological novelties are introduced in the flora of Murcia (Inula salicina, Jasione crispa subsp. segurensis, Lonicera arborea, Phagnalon x murbeckii, Sideritis chamaedryfolia subsp. chamaedryfolia, Tragopogon pratensis) Albacete (Epipactis cardina, Epipactis microphylla, Ferulago ternatifolia, Fraxinus excelsior, Tragopogon pratensis) and Alicante (Stapelia variegate), in the South-East of the Iberian Peninsula. On the other hand, it has been amplified the distribution of several rare plants in Murcia, like some orchids (Epipactis cardina, Epipactis tremolsii, Himantoglossum hircinum and Ophrys incubacea).Se presentan novedades corológicas para la flora de Murcia (Inula salicina, Jasione crispa subsp. segurensis, Lonicera arborea, Phagnalon x murbeckii, Sideritis chamaedryfolia subsp. chamaedryfolia, Tragopogon pratensis), Albacete (Epipactis cardina, Epipactis microphylla, Ferulago ternatifolia, Fraxinus excelsior, Tragopogon pratensis) y Alicante (Stapelia variegata), en el sureste de la Península Ibérica. Por otro lado, se amplía el conocimiento sobre el área de distribución de diversas especies raras en Murcia, entre ellas varias orquídeas poco citadas (Epipactis cardina, Epipactis tremolsii, Himantoglossum hircinum, Ophrys incubacea)

NOVEDADES PARA LA FLORA DE MURCIA

Contributions to the murcian vascular plants catalogue are added (six new records). Five plates are shown.Se presenta un listado de seis especies, novedades para la flora murciana, así como un dibujo detallado de cinco de ellas

Influencia de los forzamientos externos en los tipos de circulación sobre la Península Ibérica en el último milenio

Ponencia presentada en: VIII Congreso de la Asociación Española de Climatología celebrado en Salamanca entre el 25 y el 28 de septiembre de 2012.[ES]Nuestro estudio analiza la evolución de la frecuencia de los principales TCs obtenidos para invierno y verano, mediante una simulación paleoclimática llevada a cabo para el último milenio con una versión climática del modelo MM5 sobre Europa y la Penísula Ibérica (PI). La simulación incluye tres forzamientos externos diferentes: Gases de Efecto Invernadero (período industrial), actividad volcánica (máximo entorno a 1810) y radiación solar (mínimo hacia 1700). Para la caracterización de los TCs se utilizaron datos diarios de Presión a Nivel del Mar y Geopotencial a 500 hPa sobre una ventana que cubre la PI.[EN]This study analyses the behavior in the frequency of the main CTs obtained for winter and summer from a paleosimulation performed for Europe and the Iberian Peninsula for the last millennium (1001- 1990) using a climate version of MM5. The simulation includes three kind of external forcings: Greenhouse Gases (industrial period), volcanic activity (maximun near 1810) and solar activity (minimun around 1700). For the characterization of the CTs were employed daily data of Sea Level Pressure (SLP) and Geopotential Height at 500 hPa Level of a window that covers the Iberian Peninsula (IP)

Plant growth promotion of the forage plant Lupinus albus Var. Orden Dorado using Pseudomonas agronomica sp. nov. and Bacillus pretiosus sp. nov. added over a valorized agricultural biowaste

IntroductionThe overexploitation of natural ecosystems and the evolution of climate change currently force us to design new strategies for more sustainable agronomic uses. The recovery of plant residues, as an alternative to agrochemicals, can help alleviate these problems, for example, through its use for the synthesis of biofertilizers. In this work, the effect of the organic fertilizer matrix ORGAON® from the valorization of horticultural waste is tested, to which two strains of bacteria (and their consortium) are added (SAICEU11T identified as Bacillus pretiosus and SAICEU22T identified as Pseudomonas agronomica), selected for their demonstrated ability to promote plant growth (PGPB), on the lupine forage plant (Lupinus albus).MethodsFor the synthesis of the biofertilizer, both strains were added to the ORGAON® organic matrix separately, until reaching a final optical density (OD) of 0.5 McFarland in each case in the irrigation matrix. As a control, sterile ORGAON® (ORGAON®st) was used, also supplemented with the PGPB strains and a chemical fertilizer widely used in agronomy (Chem-F). With these treatments, a 6-week experiment was started under controlled laboratory conditions and on agricultural substrate, to recreate field conditions as accurately as possible. All the tests were carried out with 9 repetitions and 3 replicates of each treatment. After harvest, the improvements on the following biometric variables were studied for each treatment: total weight (Weight_T, g), shoot weight (Weight_S, g), root weight (Weight_R, g), number of leaves (Leaves, No.), shoot length (Length_S), root length (Length_R) and number of secondary roots (Roots, No.). Likewise, the identification of the tested strains and their description as new species was carried out. For this, they were studied from the phenotypic point of view (Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), metabolic profile, PGP activities, fatty acid profile and Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF)) and genotypic (sequencing of the main housekeeping genes and sequencing of the whole genome, genomic characteristics (dDDH and ANI) and phylogenetic analysis).Results and discussionAfter the statistical analysis of the results, it is shown that the individual addition of both strains on the ORGAON® and ORGAON®st organic matrix improve certain biometric variables. In the case of the SAICEU11T (Bacillus pretiosus) strain, the variables root weight (Weight_R, g), total weight (Weight_T, g) and length of the plant, and number of secondary roots (Roots, No.) significantly improve, while in the case of the strain SAICEU22T (Pseudmonas agronomica), a significant improvement of root length (Length_R) and number of secondary roots (Roots, No.) is demonstrated. On the other hand, the genotaxonomic analysis showed that both species have not been described to date. The identification based on the main housekeeping genes, show that for the Bacillus strain (SAICEU11T) the sequence similarity of the 16S rRNA was 100%, gyrB 92.69%, rpoB 97.70% and rpoD 94.67%. For the Pseudomonas strain (SAICEU22T) the results were 100% for 16S rRNA, 98.43% for rpoD and 96.94% for gyrB. However, in both cases, the dDDH and ANI values, as well as the phylogenetic analysis, show that both species are below the species threshold, which would support the hypothesis that both are new species, in line with the chemotaxonomic results obtained by MALDI-TOF spectrometry and fatty acid profile. To verify the biosafety in their handling and release into the natural environment, we have ruled out the presence of genes that encode virulence factors or resistance to antibiotics, concluding that they are suitable for use in the field to improve the yield of crop plants. Type strains are SAICEU11T (= DSM 114702T = CECT30674T) for Bacillus pretiosus and SAICEU22T (= DSM 114959T = CECT30673T) for Pseudomonas agronomicae

Oxidative stress protection and growth promotion activity of Pseudomonas mercuritolerans sp. nov., in forage plants under mercury abiotic stress conditions

SAICEUPSMT strain was isolated from soils in the mining district of Almadén (Ciudad Real, Spain), subjected to a high concentration of mercury. Using the plant model of lupinus, the strain was inoculated into the rhizosphere of the plant in a soil characterized by a high concentration of mercury (1,710 ppm) from an abandoned dump in the mining district of Almadén (Ciudad Real, Spain). As a control, a soil with a minimum natural concentration of mercury, from a surrounding area, was used. Under greenhouse conditions, the effect that the inoculum of the SAICEUPSMT strain had on the antioxidant capacity of the plant was studied, through the quantification of the enzymatic activity catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione reductase (GR). Likewise, the capacity of the plant to bioaccumulate mercury in the presence of the inoculum was studied, as well as the effect on the biometric parameters total weight (g), shoot weight (g), root weight (g), shoot length (cm), root length (cm), total number of leaves (N), and total number of secondary roots (No). Finally, in view of the results, the SAICEUPSMT strain was identified from the phenotypic and genotypic point of view (housekeeping genes and complete genome sequencing). The inoculum with the SAICEUPSMT strain in the presence of mercury produced a significant reduction in the enzymatic response to oxidative stress (CAT, APX, and SOD). It can be considered that the strain exerts a phytoprotective effect on the plant. This led to a significant increase in the biometric parameters total plant weight, root weight and the number of leaves under mercury stress, compared to the control without abiotic stress. When analyzing the mercury content of the plant with and without bacterial inoculum, it was found that the incorporation of the SAICEUPSMT strain significantly reduced the uptake of mercury by the plant, while favoring its development in terms of biomass. Given the positive impact of the SAICEUPSMT strain on the integral development of the plant, it was identified, proving to be a Gram negative bacillus, in vitro producer of siderophores, auxins and molecules that inhibit stress precursors. The most represented fatty acids were C16:0 (33.29%), characteristic aggregate 3 (22.80%) comprising C16:1 ω7c and C16: 1ω6c, characteristic aggregate 8 (13.66%) comprising C18:1 ω7c, and C18: 1 cycle ω6c and C 17:0 (11.42%). From the genotypic point of view, the initial identification of the strain based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence classified it as Pseudomonas iranensis. However, genome-wide analysis showed that average nucleotide identity (ANI, 95.47%), DNA-DNA in silico hybridization (dDDH, 61.9%), average amino acid identity (AAI, 97.13%), TETRA (0.99%) and intergenic distance (0.04) values were below the established thresholds for differentiation. The results of the genomic analysis together with the differences in the phenotypic characteristics and the phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic analysis support the proposal of the SAICEUPSMT strain as the type strain of a new species for which the name Pseudomonas mercuritolerans sp. is proposed. No virulence genes or transmissible resistance mechanisms have been identified, which reveals its safety for agronomic uses, under mercury stress conditions

Understanding the cycle of matter in the universe

Chapter 6. -- Colección: CSIC Scientific challenges : towards 2030Peer reviewe

Amphilimus- vs. zotarolimus-eluting stents in patients with diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease: the SUGAR trial

Aim: Patients with diabetes mellitus are at high risk of adverse events after percutaneous revascularization, with no differences in outcomes between most contemporary drug-eluting stents. The Cre8 EVO stent releases a formulation of sirolimus with an amphiphilic carrier from laser-dug wells, and has shown clinical benefits in diabetes. We aimed to compare Cre8 EVO stents to Resolute Onyx stents (a contemporary polymer-based zotarolimus-eluting stent) in patients with diabetes. Methods and results: We did an investigator-initiated, randomized, controlled, assessor-blinded trial at 23 sites in Spain. Eligible patients had diabetes and required percutaneous coronary intervention. A total of 1175 patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive Cre8 EVO or Resolute Onyx stents. The primary endpoint was target-lesion failure, defined as a composite of cardiac death, target-vessel myocardial infarction, and clinically indicated target-lesion revascularization at 1-year follow-up. The trial had a non-inferiority design with a 4% margin for the primary endpoint. A superiority analysis was planned if non-inferiority was confirmed. There were 106 primary events, 42 (7.2%) in the Cre8 EVO group and 64 (10.9%) in the Resolute Onyx group [hazard ratio (HR) 0.65, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.44 to 0.96; pnon-inferiority <0.001; psuperiority = 0.030]. Among the secondary endpoints, Cre8 EVO stents had significantly lower rate than Resolute Onyx stents of target-vessel failure (7.5% vs 11.1%, HR 0.67, 95% CI 0.46 to 0.99; p = 0.042). Probable or definite stent thrombosis and all-cause death were not significantly different between groups. Conclusions: In patients with diabetes, Cre8 EVO stents were non-inferior to Resolute Onyx stents with regard to target-lesion failure composite outcome. An exploratory analysis for superiority at 1 year suggests that the Cre8 EVO stents might be superior to Resolute Onyx stents with regard to the same outcome