The Cattle Business in Argentina

Este artículo analiza tendencias en los mercados de la hacienda y la carne de Argentina durante el período en el cual su posición dominante en el mercado mundial fue descendiendo. Evalúa las presiones opues­tas del mercado de carne doméstico y el de exportación, los dilemas de los productores, la necesidad de garantías de precio y de subsidios, y los conflictos políticos relacionados durante la posguerra, haciendo observaciones sobre la resiliencia de la producción de hacienda en Argentina.This article analyses trends in the markets for Argentina’s cattle and beef during the period in which its dominant position in the world beef market gradually declined. It looks at conflicting pressures from do­mestic and export markets for beef, the dilemmas of producers, the need for price guarantees and subsidies, and related political conflicts after the war, making observations about the resilience of cattle production in Argentina

Comparison Group Identification for Difficult-to-Evaluate Populations: Lessons from Evaluating 1n10 LGBTQ Youth Support Services

programs is largely absent of quantitative studies, likely in part due to the challenge of using experimental or quasi-experimental evaluation designs. This paper proposes the creative use of a national data set to overcome the problem of estimating a counterfactual for this population. In addition to discussing lessons from this approach, we describe the program and its impacts. Evidence suggests that the program under study—1n10, a local support group for LGBTQ youth in the Phoenix, AZ, metropolitan area—draws a relatively more disadvantaged group than the national average but that their levels of suicide ideation are lower. By addressing key threats to the internal validity of evaluation designs, we rule out plausible rival explanations for program impacts. hile many stressors are evident in yout

Batrachospermum Roth. (Rhodophyta), a genus of red algae new to Iowa

Batrachospermum, a floridean red alga, is formally reported from Iowa. Populations have been observed by several workers at nine localities in eight counties: Black Hawk, Bremer, Des Moines, Dickinson, Dubuque, Emmet, Hancock, and Webster. The habitats include permanent and intermittent streams, a distrophic lake, and prairie marshes. To date, the species include B. ectocarpum Sir. from a stream in Webster County , and an undescribed species from a prairie marsh in Black Hawk County. A discussion of the taxonomy and occurrence of Batrachospermum in Iowa in presented. With this report, four genera of freshwater red algae are known from Iowa

OPPORTUNITY COSTS OF WATER LEASING: IRRIGATION, INSTREAM FLOW, AND WETLAND CONSIDERATIONS IN THE LARAMIE BASIN, WYOMING

Flood irrigation in the Laramie Basin of southeast Wyoming has created many wetlands that rely directly on irrigation inputs for water. The Laramie Basin is a proposed water source for enhancing Platte River instream flows, to the benefit of endangered cranes, terns, plovers, and sturgeons. Increasing irrigation efficiency, or retiring irrigated lands would transform Laramie Basin agriculture and cause a high fraction of the Basins wetlands to be lost. This study explores the limitations of traditional water transfer tools when regional instream-flow requirements compete for water with local irrigation-dependent wetlands. A rotating short-term water lease program is proposed. The program would allow Laramie Basin producers to contribute to instream flow without causing permanent wetland damage or loss. Short-term water leasing programs could allow agricultural communities to contribute to regional environmental water needs without sacrificing local, agriculturally-based ecological resources. An estimate of minimum water costs, advantages and disadvantages of short-term water leasing are discussed.Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

Development and Evaluation of a Pesticide Induction System for a Field Sprayer

Agricultural Engineerin

Swimming with ShARCS: Comparison of On-sky Sensitivity With Model Predictions for ShaneAO on the Lick Observatory 3-meter Telescope

The Lick Observatory's Shane 3-meter telescope has been upgraded with a new infrared instrument (ShARCS - Shane Adaptive optics infraRed Camera and Spectrograph) and dual-deformable mirror adaptive optics (AO) system (ShaneAO). We present first-light measurements of imaging sensitivity in the Ks band. We compare measured results to predicted signal-to-noise ratio and magnitude limits from modeling the emissivity and throughput of ShaneAO and ShARCS. The model was validated by comparing its results to the Keck telescope adaptive optics system model and then by estimating the sky background and limiting magnitudes for IRCAL, the previous infra-red detector on the Shane telescope, and comparing to measured, published results. We predict that the ShaneAO system will measure lower sky backgrounds and achieve 20\% higher throughput across the $JHK$ bands despite having more optical surfaces than the current system. It will enable imaging of fainter objects (by 1-2 magnitudes) and will be faster to reach a fiducial signal-to-noise ratio by a factor of 10-13. We highlight the improvements in performance over the previous AO system and its camera, IRCAL.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figures, SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, Montreal 201

Learning through an Aboriginal language: The impact on students’ English and Aboriginal language skills

Aboriginal communities across Canada are implementing Aboriginal language programs in their schools. In the present research, we explore the impact of learning through an Aboriginal language on students’ English and Aboriginal language skills by contrasting a Mi’kmaq language immersion program with a Mi’kmaq as a second language program. The results revealed that students in the immersion program not only had stronger Mi’kmaq language skills compared to students in the second language program, but students within both programs ultimately had the same level of English. Immersion programs can simultaneously revitalize a threatened language and prepare students for success in mainstream society.Keywords: Aboriginal language, bilingual education, immersion, language of instructionDes communautés autochtones partout au Canada mettent en œuvre des programmes de langue autochtone dans leurs écoles. Dans la présente recherche, nous explorons l'impact de l'apprentissage à travers une langue autochtone, sur les compétences des élèves en langue anglaise et autochtone, en comparant un programme d'immersion en langue Mi'kmaq, avec un programme en langue Mi'kmaq comme langue seconde. Les résultats ont révélé que non seulement les étudiants du programme d'immersion avaient des compétences plus solides en langue Mi'kmaq que les étudiants du programme de langue seconde, mais aussi que les étudiants au sein des deux programmes avaient le même niveau d'anglais. Les programmes d'immersion peuvent simultanément revitaliser une langue menacée et préparer les élèves à réussir dans la société.Mots-clés: langue autochtone, éducation bilingue, immersion, langue d'enseignemen