Chemical investigation of light induced DNA bipyrimidine damage and repair

In all organisms, genetic information is stored in DNA and RNA. Both of these macromolecules are damaged by many exogenous and endogenous events, with UV irradiation being one of the major sources of damage. The major photolesions formed are the cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD), pyrimidine–pyrimidone-(6-4)-photoproducts, Dewar valence isomers and, for dehydrated spore DNA, 5-(a-thyminyl)-5,6-dihydrothymine (SP). In order to be able to investigate how nature’s repair and tolerance mechanisms protect the integrity of genetic information, oligonucleotides containing sequence and site-specific UV lesions are essential. This tutorial review provides an overview of synthetic procedures by which these oligonucleotides can be generated, either through phosphoramidite chemistry or direct irradiation of DNA. Moreover, a brief summary on their usage in analysing repair and tolerance processes as well as their biological effects is provided

Risk measurement: an introduction to value at risk

This paper is a self-contained introduction to the concept and methodology of "value at risk," which is a new tool for measuring an entity's exposure to market risk. We explain the concept of value at risk, and then describe in detail the three methods for computing it: historical simulation; the variance-covariance method; and Monte Carlo or stochastic simulation. We then discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the three methods for computing value at risk. Finally, we briefly describe some alternative measures of market risk.Risk and Uncertainty,

Culturally & Linguistically Diverse Men’s Experiences of Perinatal Death in Australia

This item is only available electronically.Globally, people from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) families are at a higher risk of experiencing perinatal death and associated adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, while there has been some research concerning men’s experiences of grief generally, there has been no Australian research examining CALD men’s grief following perinatal death, nor the support experiences and needs that this cohort of bereaved men have. This qualitative study examines interview accounts from a total of 16 participants, including six healthcare service providers and 10 CALD community members (four of whom were men who had personally experienced perinatal death). Thematic analysis identified four themes related to CALD men’s grief expression (namely, that CALD men’s grief is individual, a changing and enduring process, partner-centred, and expressed through stoic ideals of masculinity), as well as five themes related to support (namely that perinatal death, grief, and following care were found to be associated with stigma, and that CALD men’s support is shaped by; religion and ritual, connection to community and family, inhibited self-advocacy, and woman-centred supports). These findings indicate that CALD men may benefit from targeted and culturally-safe mental health, financial, and emotional support following perinatal death. Future research could usefully focus on the culturally-shaped roles that CALD men have following a perinatal death, including in relation to supporting their families. The research points to the strong need for CALD men’s specific needs to be included in the development of policy and practice surrounding perinatal death.Thesis (B.PsychSc(Hons)) -- University of Adelaide, School of Psychology, 202

Prehospital Use of Cuffed Endotracheal Tubes in Pediatric Patients: Thematic Analysis of Barriers to Practice Change.

The prehospital use of cuffed endotracheal tubes has become an evidence-based practice recommendation. Uncuffed endotracheal tubes continue to be used by emergency medical services (EMS) that transport injured and ill children to Nemours/Alfred I Dupont Hospital for Children (N/AIDHC). Uncuffed endotracheal tubes are being used in infants and toddlers, but also in older children and adolescents. EMS agencies that refer patients to N/AIDHC were surveyed to determine the status of their implementation and use of cuffed endotracheal tubes. Of six services, two had fully implemented the use of cuffed endotracheal tubes. Dispositional resistance to change among the EMS administrators was measured and found to be lower at the services that had implemented the use of uncuffed endotracheal tubes. Implementation of the use of cuffed endotracheal tubes was most facilitated by clinical expert involvement. Outreach education by pediatric critical care experts is indicated to assist those services that have not yet implemented the use of cuffed endotracheal tubes