Tribute to John Pickering

I want to reflect on what we have heard here today, and over the course of the last several weeks, about John Pickering. We have heard simply remarkable things about a remarkable man of consequence. He was not just a remarkable person. He was more than that. He was a remarkable person who did things that actually changed everyone\u27s lives. He mattered. We heard a lot of things today and some of them we heard for the first time. But I do not think that any of us was surprised to hear any of them about John Pickering. We just did not know all of them. There are a lot of other things that we do not know about John Pickering, but I do not think that we are going to be surprised when we hear some of those other things either

A Comparative Study On The Effects Of A Season Of Training And Competition On The Response Of The Hearts Of High School Boys

Throughout the years there have been questions concerning the heart size and heart rate of an athlete. It has been discussed by some persons that through constant training and competition the athlete\u27s heart would increase in size and this may lead to undue cardiac strain ultimately resulting in circulatory damage. This, however, is contradictory because not all athletes have large hearts though many first-class performers who excel, in feats of physical endurance do. The heart of a physically well-trained man has a slower resting rate, increases less as a result of exercise, and recovers more rapidly after exercise than the heart of a healthy untrained man. Physiological factors such as body form, quality of skelto-muscular tissues, adiposity, along with social and economic influence may effect the size of the heart. The size of even the largest hearts of first-class athletes never exceeds the well-defined magnitude of physiological measurements. This feature distinguishes it clearly from pathological enlargements such as are commonly encountered in cardiac patients* In the latter group, hearts much larger than those present in champion athletes are seen. Such cardiac patients often but not always, show a critical decline of physical efficiency, in sharp contrast to the high exercise tolerance of well-trained athletes

MODERN CORNWALL: THE CHANGING NATURE OF PERIPHERALITY

Merged with duplicate record 10026.1/778 on 08.03.2017 by CS (TIS)The political events of the 1960s and 1970s in "Celtic Britain" led to the demise of the Anglocentric conventional wisdom which had asserted the fundamental homogeneity of the United Kingdom, and ushered in a new orthodoxy which stressed diversity and the territorial dimension of the state. Ihese events were mirrored to an extent in Cornwall, with competing explanations seeking to interpret "peripheral protest", but with a more comprehensive model emerging to emphasise the complexity of the relationship between "centre" and "periphery" in modern western European states, pointing in particular to the existence of historical phases of peripherality. In an initial phase of "Older Peripheralism", Cornwall was isolated territorially and culturally from the core of the expanding English state, conquered and annexed but with an array of constitutionally "accommodating" devices and a multi-faceted Celtic identity. However, political and economic change eroded this isolation, creating a new era of "second Peripheralism". This phase was marked by a rapid industrialisation which brought Cornwall into the forefront of technological innovation but which was over-specialised and incomplete, leading initially to a new, assertive sense of identity based upon technological prowess but precipitating in the longer term industrial collapse and a consequent Cornish social, economic and political paralysis. This paralysis endured from the end of the nineteenth century until after the Second World War, an experience which was highly distinctive when compared to that of England. However, this paralysis was at length disturbed, with post-war Regional Development policies facilitating the construction of a "branch factory" economy in Cornwall and encouraging a process of "counterurbanisation”. Paradoxically, this socio-economic movement led not to the erosion of Cornwall's peripheral status but was in fact evidence of a "Third Peripheralism", with the Cornish economy acquiring features which continued to contrast with those of England's core, and with an increasingly politicised "Cornish Revival" injecting an important strand of anti-metropolitanism into Cornish political behaviour, with its critiques of regional policy and demands for renewed constitutional "accommodation"

The Implicit Price of Urban Public Parks and Greenways: A Spatial-Contextual Approach

This is an Author's Original Manuscript of an article submitted for consideration in the Journal of Environmental Planning and Management [copyright Taylor & Francis]; Journal of Environmental Planning and Management is available online at http://www.tandfonline.com/This paper examines the value residents place on public parks in a mid-sized urban area. The analysis makes a direct contribution to the literature by examining the extent to which spatial and neighborhood context is related to the house price premium or discount associated with public recreational opportunities, natural resource areas, and urban greenways. The analysis shows that the value of public parks and greenways varies across space, neighborhood context, and park type. Community area fixed-effects are included to bolster the findings. The findings indicate that park and greenway investment should be planned and managed contextually in urban areas. Park planners can use these findings to inform public policy debates over park investment and, perhaps, support efforts focused on comprehensive neighborhood planning

Embedded symmetric positive semi-definite machine-learned elements for reduced-order modeling in finite-element simulations with application to threaded fasteners

We present a machine-learning strategy for finite element analysis of solid mechanics wherein we replace complex portions of a computational domain with a data-driven surrogate. In the proposed strategy, we decompose a computational domain into an "outer" coarse-scale domain that we resolve using a finite element method (FEM) and an "inner" fine-scale domain. We then develop a machine-learned (ML) model for the impact of the inner domain on the outer domain. In essence, for solid mechanics, our machine-learned surrogate performs static condensation of the inner domain degrees of freedom. This is achieved by learning the map from (virtual) displacements on the inner-outer domain interface boundary to forces contributed by the inner domain to the outer domain on the same interface boundary. We consider two such mappings, one that directly maps from displacements to forces without constraints, and one that maps from displacements to forces by virtue of learning a symmetric positive semi-definite (SPSD) stiffness matrix. We demonstrate, in a simplified setting, that learning an SPSD stiffness matrix results in a coarse-scale problem that is well-posed with a unique solution. We present numerical experiments on several exemplars, ranging from finite deformations of a cube to finite deformations with contact of a fastener-bushing geometry. We demonstrate that enforcing an SPSD stiffness matrix is critical for accurate FEM-ML coupled simulations, and that the resulting methods can accurately characterize out-of-sample loading configurations with significant speedups over the standard FEM simulations

The Effect of Foreclosures on Crime in Indianapolis, 2003-2008

Author's manuscript made available in accordance with the publisher's policy.Objective Until recently, few studies have examined the relationship between home foreclosures and crime. Foreclosures are one major source of neighborhood instability and can be expected to affect crime from several theoretical perspectives. Some recent research has found conflicting results on whether foreclosures cause crime. Method This study examines whether foreclosures are a robust predictor of crime and whether the effect of foreclosures on crime varies across neighborhood contexts. We estimate fixed-effects negative binomial models using geocoded Indianapolis foreclosure and crime data for 2003–2008 to predict crime counts in 1,000 feet × 1,000 feet square grid cells. Result Foreclosures exhibit consistent positive effects on indices of overall, property, and violent UCR-reported (where UCR is Uniform Crime Report) offenses in a cell and rape, aggravated assault, and burglary counts. In addition, foreclosures had greater effects on reported UCR crimes in stable neighborhoods, especially those with more owner-occupied homes. Conclusion Foreclosures were a robust predictor of crime in the current study

Intra and Inter-Neighborhood Income Inequality and Crime

Author's manuscript made available in accordance with the publisher's policy.One important factor in many macro-level theories of crime is income inequality. Although research generally shows that low levels of neighborhood income are associated with crime, research studies have been less clear on whether income inequality is a robust, independent predictor of crime, particularly in small area studies, and few studies have explicitly considered income inequality between neighborhoods, and those that do typically focus on homicide. The current study examines whether within and between neighborhood income inequality is associated with variation in violent and property crime. We employ geocoded Uniform Crime Report data from the Indianapolis police department and economic and demographic characteristics of the population from the American Community Survey for 2005–2009. Consistent with prior research, lower levels of income were associated with higher violent and property crime counts. Within-tract income inequality was also associated with higher Uniform Crime Reports violent and property crimes in most models. Results also showed that the ratio of tract income levels to neighboring tracts is associated with variation in crime. Thus, both local and nearby income inequality affect crime. Implications for theory and policy are discussed

The Spatial Extent of the Effect of Foreclosures on Crime

Author's manuscript made available in accordance with the publisher's policy.Although neighborhood stability has long been considered a substantial determinant of crime, foreclosures have not been the subject of concerted research among criminologists until recently. A number of recent studies have examined the linkage between home foreclosures and crime. Though generally finding a significant relationship, studies have used different approaches and units of analysis. This variation led us to examine the spatial extent to which foreclosures affect a relatively small surrounding area. In this paper, we consider the spatial extent of the foreclosure effect on crime by estimating fixed effect negative binomial models using geocoded UCR data for 2003–2008 and foreclosure data to predict crime counts using the number of foreclosures within various small area radii. Results show that, independently and jointly, foreclosures are a predictor of crime up to at least a distance of 2250 feet. Importantly, that effect declines with distance. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of those findings