Design and flight testing of a nullable compressor face rake

A compressor face rake with an internal valve arrangement to permit nulling was designed, constructed, and tested in the laboratory and in flight at the NASA Flight Research Center. When actuated by the pilot in flight, the nullable rake allowed the transducer zero shifts to be determined and then subsequently removed during data reduction. Design details, the fabrication technique, the principle of operation, brief descriptions of associated digital zero-correction programs and the qualification tests, and test results are included. Sample flight data show that the zero shifts were large and unpredictable but could be measured in flight with the rake. The rake functioned reliably and as expected during 25 hours of operation under flight environmental conditions and temperatures from 230 K (-46 F) to greater than 430 K (314 F). The rake was nulled approximately 1000 times. The in-flight zero-shift measurement technique, as well as the rake design, was successful and should be useful in future applications, particularly where accurate measurements of both steady-state and dynamic pressures are required under adverse environmental conditions

The Effect of the Coronavirus on Cyberbullying Research Methods

Cyberbullying has recently grown larger as technological advances have occurred throughout the years. Becoming more relevant during the Covid-19 pandemic when the majority of the world was stuck home during quarantine and relied on technology such as social media to stay in touch with one another. In this study, 100 articles about cyberbullying from 2019 before the pandemic began and 100 articles from 2021 after the pandemic has begun to take place were examined in order to determine if there were any differences in how cyberbullying has been researched. These articles were examined by stating the number of authors, the gender of the authors, the country it was taken place in, if the article included an international author, the discipline of the first author, the focus of the article, the research method used, the sample size if given, and the first authors highest degree of education. This information was all coded and used to determine if the pandemic has placed any influence the methods researchers use to research cyberbullying.https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/reu2021_cybersecurity/1000/thumbnail.jp

General implementation of all possible positive-operator-value measurements of single photon polarization states

Positive Operator Value Measures (POVMs) are the most general class of quantum measurements. We propose a setup in which all possible POVMs of a single photon polarization state (corresponding to all possible sets of two-dimensional Kraus operators) can be implemented easily using linear optics elements. This method makes it possible to experimentally realize any projective orthogonal, projective non-orthogonal or non-projective sets of any number of POVM operators. Furthermore our implementation only requires vacuum ancillas, and is deterministic rather than probabilistic. Thus it realizes every POVM with the correct set of output states. We give the settings required to implement two different well-known non-orthogonal projective POVMs.Comment: 5 pages, newer version with minor addition

Active ignoring in early visual cortex

Selective attention is critical for controlling the input to mental processes. Attentional mechanisms act not only to select relevant stimuli but also to exclude irrelevant stimuli. There is evidence that we can actively ignore irrelevant information. We measured neural activity relating to successfully ignoring distracters (using preview search) and found increases in both the precuneus and primary visual cortex during preparation to ignore distracters. We also found reductions in activity in fronto-parietal regions while previewing distracters and a reduction in activity in early visual cortex during search when a subset of items was successfully excluded from search, both associated with precuneus activity. These results are consistent with the proposal that actively excluding distractions has two components: an initial stage where distracters are encoded, and a subsequent stage where further processing of these items is inhibited. Our findings suggest that it is the precuneus that controls this process and can modulate activity in visual cortex as early as V1

FP-20-15 Married & Living Apart Together

Living apart together (LAT) relationships are an emerging relationship form typically defined as unmarried couples in a committed, long-term relationship who choose to live apart (maintain separate residences) rather than cohabit or marry (Connidis, et al., 2017). Other researchers have classified married couples who live separately as LATs, as well (Binstock & Thornton, 2004). This profile examines the LAT status of newly married individuals who report having entered a marriage in the last year. We define newlywed LATs as those not living with their spouse for reasons other than marital discord1. Using data from IPUMS-USA, we present their characteristics by times married, age, and educational attainment

Re-assessment of carrying capacities in the Ashburton River Catchment

Potential carrying capacities for land systems in the catchment of the Ashburton River were first estimated in 1983 as a result of a rangeland survey of the area undertaken during 1976, 1977 and 1978. Potential carrying capacity (termed capability capacity in the 1988 report) is a suggested sustainable level of use assuming that all pastures are in good range condition, the entire station is adequately watered for the effective management of livestock and seasonal conditions are average. The Ashburton Land Conservation District Committee had previously requested a re-assessment of carrying capacities for Ashburton stations following the widespread establishment of buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris) since the regional survey in the 1970s. In April 2001 and April 2002 the authors from the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, and the Department of Land Administration re-inspected parts of the Ashburton survey area. Findings: Buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris) was dominant in some areas in the 1970s. The ground inspection in 2001 and 2002 verified that it and Birdwood grass (Cenchrus setigerus) had spread considerably since the original survey. Most pastoralists spoken to considered that buffel grass had really expanded since the huge Ashburton River flood in 1997 when silt and sand was deposited over extensive areas of alluvial plains. Carrying capacity implications: The carrying capacity of the introduced Cenchrus grasses is significantly higher than the capacity of the native vegetation. Thus buffel grass increases the potential carrying capacity of those systems on which it has expanded. The survey group reviewed the potential carrying capacities of the 21 land systems in the Ashburton survey area that were identified as supporting a buffel grass component. It also reviewed the potential carrying capacities of the other 61 land systems found in the area (see Table 4). Some of the carrying capacities allocated in the 1988 report are considered to be too conservative and were increased using pasture carrying capacity estimates developed in the adjacent Pilbara survey area (Van Vreeswyk et al. 2004) and reported in Payne and Mitchell 2002. Consequently, as well as the potential carrying capacities of land systems being increased in recognition of the spread of Cenchrus grasses, they were also increased by higher allocation to other pasture types. Station Reports: Reports for 26 stations falling within the catchment of the Ashburton River are presented in alphabetical order. Twenty-two stations fall wholly into the Ashburton catchment area. Four stations fall partly within the Ashburton River catchment and partly in the Gascoyne River catchment or the Pilbara survey area. Reports for the whole station are presented for these four stations