Legislative framework regarding wastewater treatment in the Republic of Serbia and flow and transport modelling in the determination on effluent quality of wastewater treatment plant of Belgrade central sewerage system

The largest sewerage system in Belgrade is Belgrade Central Sewerage System, which covers the area of about 85% of the sewerage network, with about 1,250,000 inhabitants connected to the sewage infrastructure. The interaction of emission limit values, environmental quality standards, wastewater, effluent and recipient characteristic flows and qualities from the standpoint of environmental impact in the unfavorable environmental conditions was modelled to define the level of wastewater treatment at future Belgrade Central Sewerage System wastewater treatment plant

Migracije u nacionalnom kontekstu – mapiranje istraživačkih izazova

Savremene migracije stanovništva odlikuju se dinamičnom prirodom, te je od izuzetne važnosti da naučna saznanja, kao i mere javnih politika budu zasnovani na aktuelnim istraživanjima i tačnim i ažuriranim podacima. Jednako značajni mogu biti kako teorijski radovi koji objašnjavaju pojedine fenomene i koncepte, tako i empirijski radovi koji osvetljavaju konkretne probleme u procesu formulisanja ili sprovođenja mera javne politike. U nameri da se ukaže na jasne veze između nalaza sadržanih u nacionalnim časopisima međunarodnog značaja (u kategoriji M24) u Republici Srbiji i potreba kreatora javnih politika u oblasti migracija, identifikovan je i analiziran 41 rad u tri specifična tematska polja: migracije i razvoj, integracija migranata i upravljanje migracijama. Analiziranjem istraživačkih trendova, pristupa, tema i nalaza u domaćim naučnim radovima izvedeni su određeni zaključci i date su preporuke. Na osnovu detaljne analize utvrđeno je da izabrani radovi mogu poslužiti kao pouzdan i koristan izvor saznanja za donosioce odluka u procesu kreiranja javnih politika, što je od velike važnosti za koncipiranje efikasnih i pravovremenih odgovora države na izazove u sferi migracionih fenomena.Contemporary migration is characterized by its very dynamic nature. In that sense, it is extremely important that scientific knowledge, academic research, as well as the public policy measures, be based on current research and accurate data sets. Furthermore, theoretical papers explaining relevant phenomena and concepts could be equally relevant and useful like the empirical ones, putting more light on the specific problems in the process of creating and implementing public policies. The purpose of this paper is to emphasize the links between the topics in scientific papers and policymakers’ needs through the desk analysis of the leading Serbian national scientific journals in the areas of social sciences and humanities. The analysis of 41 papers in total was related to the identification of three specific migration topics: migration and development, integration and migration governance. Through comparison between the global research trends and the national approaches and findings certain conclusions were drawn and recommendations were given. Detailed analysis led to findings that some of the selected academic research could be a reliable and useful source for the decision makers. This is a necessary step for development of efficient and timely state responses to existing and future challenges brought by migration

Supplementary data for article: Krstić, N. M.; Pavlović, V. D.; Novaković, I. T.; Matić, I. Z.; Sladić, D. Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Some Novel P-Heterocyclic Androst-4-Ene Derivatives. Molecular Diversity 2013, 17 (3), 547–561. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11030-013-9455-9

Supplementary material for: [https://doi.org/10.1007/s11030-013-9455-9]Related to published version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1376

The response of patients to hospitalization

Introduction: It is very difficult to describe how the patient feels at first contact with the hospital environment, medical personnel and medical diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. He was usually upset at first contact since carries with it suspense and feers, due to illnes, but also because of the new situation. Will the first meeting to encourage patients and create confidence and sureness or, derogate and hurt his personality, depends on these first impressions. The aim: The aim is to exemine react to hospitalization, analyze what is to attitude of hospital personnel towards patients, and investigate which patients are proposals to improve the conditions and procedure for hospitalization. Methods: The study was conducted at University Hospital in Foca, period October-November, 2014. The study included 50patients who are being treated at the University Hospital in Foca, in the section of Internal Medicine. The research used an anonymous questionnaire, and the results are graphically presented. Results: Two-thirds of respondents reacted very well to the hospitalization. Asked about their impressions on the first meeting with the medical personnel, 94% of respondents expressed a positive opinion, while 6% of respondents characterized their first meeting as negative. Conclusion: Generally, this study yilded the following results which can be characterized as positive, but we must strive to be better and try to patients satisfaction with the services and attitude of health worker, made at the highest level

Synthetic dyes decolourisation on agar plates by selected fungi

U ovom radu istražena je sposobnost obezbojenja sintetskih bojila (malahitno zelenilo MZ, kristal violet KV, fuksin F i metilensko modrilo MM) pomoću četiri vrste gljiva bijelog truljenja: P. chrysosporium CCBAS 570, T. versicolor CCBAS AG613, T. versicolor TV6 i C. subvermispora. Gljive su uzgajane pri 27 ⁰C 9 (10) dana na agarnim pločama s dodatkom bojila u koncentracijama 50, 100 i 150 mg L$^{-1}$. Zona rasta kolonija te zona obezbojenja (promjene boje) mjerene su (u dva međusobno okomita smjera) svaka 3 dana. MZ je snažno inhibiralo rast svih vrsta, ali su sve pokazale dobru sposobnost obezbojenja ovog bojila, što je vidljivo iz velikog indeksa obezbojenja (promjer obezbojenja/promjer kolonije) u rasponu od 2,42 do 6,04. Sposobnost djelomičnog obezbojenja KV pokazale su sve vrste gljiva, pri čemu je rast vrsta P. chrysosporium i C. subvermispora bio snažno inhibiran ovim bojilom. F je inhibirao rast odabranih gljiva samo tijekom prvih dana uzgoja. Sposobnost obezbojenja F pokazale su sve vrste, ali indeks obezbojenja nije bio velik (0,24 – 1). Inhibicija rasta ovim bojilom primijećena je samo u prvim danima uzgoja. MM nije inhibiralo rast gljiva, ali je djelomičnu sposobnost obezbojenja ovog bojila pokazala jedino vrsta T. versicolor TV6. Utvrđeno je kako primijenjene koncentracije bojila u podlozi statistički značajno utječu na rast kolonija gljiva, ali nije utvrđena statistički značajna razlika u sposobnosti obezbojenja.Four white rot fungi P. chrysosporium CCBAS 570, T. versicolor CCBAS AG613, T. versicolor TV6 and C. subvermispora were tested for their ability to decolourise synthetic dyes (Malachite Green MG, Crystal Violet CV, Fuchsine F and Methylene Blue MB). Fungal species were cultivated at 27 °C for 9 (10) days on Potato dextrose agar plates containing dyes at final concentrations of 50, 100 and 150 mg L$^{-1}$. The colony radial growth and the decolourisation zone (in two perpendicular directions) were measured every three days. Although all fungal strains were strongly inhibited by MG, high decolourisation index (decolourisation diameter/mycelial diameter) ranging from 2.42 to 6.04 for all tested species indicated very good decolourisation ability. CV strongly inhibited the growth of all fungi except P. chrysosporium. However, all species partially decolourised CV. F was also decolourised by all strains but the decrease in decolourisation efficiency was observed (decolourisation index ranging from 0.24 to 1). Inhibitory effect of F to fungal growth was observed only during the first cultivation days. Only T. versicolor TV6 partially decolourised MB, even though this dye did not inhibit the mycelial growth of the tested fungal strains. The influence of agar plate dye concentration on fungal growth was statistically significant, while no statistical significance was observed regarding the decolourisation ability

Oksidativne fragmentacije 5-hidroksi-1-okso-5α-holestan-3β-il-acetata

5-hydroxy-1-oxo-5α-cholestan-3β-yl acetate (11) was prepared in 5 steps starting from (E)-3β-acetoxy-5,10-seco-1(10)-cholesten-5-one (6). Treatment of the 1-oxo-5-hydroxy derivative 11 with lead tetraacetate (LTA) (under thermal or hypoiodite conditions) or with mercuric oxide/iodine (HgO/I2) reagent resulted in the oxidative β-fragmentation of the C(5)–C(10) bond affording 1,5-dioxo-5,10-secocholest-10(19)-en-3β-yl acetate (12), in different yields, depending on the reagent. Also the stereochemistry of the 1β,6β-cyclization product 13, formed by transannular cyclization of the 1,5-diketone 12 on silica gel, is discussed in this work.Sintetizovan je 5-hidroksi-1-okso-5α-holestan-3β-il-acetata (11) u 5 faza polazeći od (E)- 3β-acetoksi-5,10-seko-1(10)-holesten-5-ona (6). Dejstvom olovo-tetraacetata (LTA) (pod termičkim ili hipojoditnim uslovima), ili merkuri-oksid/jodnog reagensa (HgO/I2) na 1-okso-5-hidroksi derivat 11, vrši se oksidativna β-fragmentacija njegove C(5)–C(10) veze, pri čemu se dobija 1,5-diokso-5,10-sekoholest-10(19)-en-3β-il-acetat (12), u različitim prinosima u zavisnosti od upotrebljenog reagensa. Takođe, diskutovana je stereohemija 1β,6β-ciklizacionog proizvoda 13, nastalog intramolekulskom ciklizacijom 1,5-diokso-5,10-seko jedinjenja 12 na silika gelu

Thionation of Some alpha,beta-Unsaturated Steroidal Ketones

The reactions of selected alpha,beta-unsaturated steroidal ketones with Lawesson's reagent (LR) in CH(2)Cl(2) and toluene under the standard reaction conditions and with a combination of phosphorus pentasulfide with hexamethyldisiloxane (P(4)S(10)/HMDO) in 1,2-dichlorobenzene (ODCB) under microwave irradiation were investigated and for this purpose several cholestane, androstane and pregnane carbonyl derivatives were chosen. Depending on the reagent and the solvent, 19 new sulfur containing compounds, including dithiones 4c and 4d, alpha,beta-unsaturated 3-thiones 3a-e, dimer-sulfides 2a-e, 1,2,4-trithiolanes 5a-e and phosphonotrithioates 6b-e were synthesized. All newly prepared compounds were characterized by IR, (1)H- and (13)C-NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis

Satisfaction with the work of nurses

Introduction. Satisfaction with work and experiencing positive emotions at work is considered to be an important part of nursing professional life, and has a significant impact on patient safety, the quality of services provided, commitment and stay in the organization and profession. The aim of this paper was to examine the level of satisfaction with the work of nurses. Material and methods. The research is designed according to the type of cross section study. The research sample consisted of 200 nurses working at the University Hospital Foča, the Health Center Zvornik and the Health Center Istočno Sarajevo. The instruments used in this in research are: sociodemographic questionnaire and the Job Satisfaction Survey (JSS). Statistical analysis of data was made using the SPSS software statistical package. Of the statistical tests was used χ2-square test. As a level of statistical significance, the difference was taken as the usual value of p <0.05. Results. Statistically significant negative correlation was established between satisfaction with the work and socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents (r = -0,252; p = 0,017). The prospects for improvement are satisfied with 25% of the respondents, 37% had an ambivalent attitude, while 38% of respondents expressed dissatisfaction. Twenty-three percent of respondents are satisfied with communication in the organization of work, 35% are ambivalent, while 42% of respondents are dissatisfied. 21% of the respondents expressed satisfaction with the benefits and on the rewards for a well-done job, 45% were ambivalent, while 34% of the respondents were dissatisfied. Conclusion. The lowest ratings of our respondents in wage domains, rewards for well-designed work and working conditions are probably the result of the economic climate in which lives and works, fixed and inadequate wages and minimum benefits combined with the nature of the work

Fotohemijsko i Bekmanovo premeštanje(z)-holest-4-en-6-on oksima

Beckmann rearrangement of (Z)-cholest-4-en-6-one oxime (4) (prepared in 4 steps starting from cholest-5-en-3β-ol ο1)) with thionyl chloride in dioxane solution afforded an enamide-type lactam, i.e. 7-aza-B-homocholest-4-en-6-one (6) as a single product. Photoreaction of the same compound in methanol or benzene-acetic acid solution gave a mixture of products, with the formation of the parent ketone 3 and the occurrence of Z/E isomerization, while the lactam 6 was obtained only when the reaction was performed in methanol and then in very low yield (7%).Bekmanovo premeštanje (Z)-holest-4-en-6-on oksima (4) (koji je dobijen u 4 faze, polazeći od holest-5-en-3 β-ola (1)) sa tionil-hloridom u dioksanskom rastvoru, kao jedini proizvod daje laktam enamidnog tipa, tj. 7-aza-B-homoholest-4-en-6-on (6). Fotoreakcijom istog jedinjenja u metanolu ili u rastvoru benzen-sirćetna kiselina, nastaje smesa proizvoda koju čine polazni keton 3 i proizvodi Z/E izomerizacije, dok je laktam 6 dobiven u vrlo niskom prinosu (7%) samo u metanolnom rastvoru

Removal of synthetic dye malachite green using Trametes versicolor mycelial pellets

U ovom radu istražena je mogućnost upotrebe micelijskih peleta gljive bijelog truljenja Trametes versicolor CCBAS AG 613 s ciljem uklanjanja sintetskog bojila malahitnog zelenila iz vodene otopine. Istraživan je utjecaj početne koncentracije biomase, koncentracije malahitnog zelenila i dodatka glukoze u otopinu bojila na postotak uklanjanja bojila. U gotovo svim provedenim pokusima postotak uklanjanja bojila nakon 24 h iznosio je preko 80 %. Povećanjem početne koncentracije biomase došlo je do povećanja postotka uklanjanja bojila; dok je povećanje koncentracije bojila, neovisno o početnoj koncentraciji biomase, imalo suprotan učinak. Dodatak glukoze u vodenu otopinu bojila rezultirao je manjim postotkom uklanjanja bojila. Nadalje, istražena je mogućnost ponovnog korištenja peleta u drugom ciklusu. U ponovljenom testu peleti su zadržali sposobnost uklanjanja bojila iz vodene otopine malahitnog zelenila, ali u nešto manjem postotku nego prilikom prvog korištenja. Ovi preliminarni rezultati upućuju na mogućnost korištenja micelijskih peleta T. versicolor CCBAS AG613 za biološku obradu otpadnih voda obojenih malahitnim zelenilom.The aim of this study was to investigate the malachite green removal (decolourisation) ability of white rot fungus Trametes versicolor CCBAS AG613 mycelial pellets. The effect of initial biomass concentration, malachite green concentration and glucose addition on dye percentage removal was investigated. The dye percentage removal of more than 80% was achieved after 24 h in almost all runs. An increase in the initial biomass concentration positively affected the removal, resulting in higher dye percentage removal. However, the increase in dye concentration had the opposite effect. The addition of glucose to the dye solution resulted in slightly lower dye percentage removal. Furthermore, the longevity of pellets’ decolourisation activity was tested in repeated-batch mode. When used in repeated-batch mode, pellets still exhibited the malachite green decolourisation activity but to a slightly lower extent. These preliminary results indicate that T. versicolor CCBAS AG613 mycelial pellets could be effectively used for bioremediation of malachite green coloured wastewaters