Opportunities for development of the tourism sector in Bulgaria

The main research goal is to present the opportunities for the development of the tourism sector in Bulgaria in the conditions of a dynamically changing environment. Emphasis is placed on innovations in the context of the circular economy, considering its essence and the possibilities of its application in the tourism sector as well. It should be borne in mind that the reorientation from a linear to a circular economic model in the tourism sector is a gradual process that requires time. Scientific methods such as the method of analysis and synthesis, content analysis, situational analysis, deduction, induction, comparative method and others are used. The results give an idea of the possibilities for progress of the tourism sector in Bulgaria in the context of the circular economy. There are good practices, the number of which is constantly increasing. In this way, the role and importance of circular tourism is growing. The conclusions present the achieved results in a synthesis and outline the prospects for the development of the tourism sector in Bulgaria, some recommendations are also made

Analysis and Assessment of Infrastructural Potential in Rural Territories

Introduction. Since the mid-twentieth century, research has focused on agriculture as an important and structurally determining economic sector, constructing a significant part of the production infrastructure that serves an important function in generating economic growth in society. The asymmetry in the development of the territories and the general problems in the lagging areas are the subject of regional policy at the national and community level, to which a serious financial resource is directed, seeking a synergistic effect of the various support instruments on the entire territory. Over half of Bulgaria's territory is used for agriculture, and in rural areas it is also the main economic sector and source of livelihood. It is of crucial importance for the overall economic development of rural areas. In-depth research is needed to assess the infrastructure potential and analyze its impact on the generation of gross value added (GVA) and cohesion between regions. Aim and tasks. The aim of this paper is to analyze and evaluate the infrastructural potential of rural territories and its impact on the GVA generated by the agricultural sector. Results. The analysis compares the infrastructural potential of the districts with the production of the agricultural sector, the leading sector of the Bulgarian economy, and seeks ways to optimize it. Within the framework of the present research, the social, transport, tourist, and production infrastructure at the regional level is analyzed, and their relation to the GVA generated by the agricultural sector is examined. The social, transport, tourist, and production infrastructure by regions in Bulgaria and their impact on agribusiness were analyzed, and the results were summarized and mapped. As a result of the research, the territories were systematized depending on the ratio between the GVA from the agricultural sector and their infrastructural potential, and the trends in their development were outlined. Conclusions. The well-developed infrastructure in rural territories is a driving force for diversifying the functional use of the territory and the optimal utilization of available resources, ensuring not only economic progress but also sustainability in the development of rural territories. Improving infrastructure has a positive effect on the GVA of the agricultural sector, encourages diversification and the use of available resources, and helps make rural territories more sustainable

Large polarization but small electron transfer for water around Al 3+ in a highly hydrated crystal

Precise molecular-level information on the water molecule is precious, since it affects our interpretation of the role of water in a range of important applications of aqueous media. Here we propose that electronic structure calculations for highly hydrated crystals yield such information. Properties of nine structurally different water molecules (19 independent O⋯O hydrogen bonds) in the Al(NO3)3·9H2O crystal have been calculated from DFT calculations. We combine the advantage of studying different water environments using one and the same compound and method (instead of comparing a set of independent experiments, each with its own set of errors) with the advantage of knowing the exact atomic positions, and the advantage of calculating properties that are difficult to extract from experiment. We find very large Wannier dipole moments for H2O molecules surrounding the cations: 4.0-4.3 D (compared to our calculated value of 1.83 D in the gas phase). These are induced by the ions and the H-bonds, while other water interactions and the relaxation of the internal water geometry in fact decrease the dipole moments. We find a good correlation between the water dipole moment and the O⋯O distances, and an even better (non-linear) correlation with the average electric field over the molecule. Literature simulation data for ionic aqueous solutions fit quite well with our crystalline 'dipole moment vs. O⋯O distance' curve. The progression of the water and cation charges from 'small clusters ⇒ large clusters ⇒ the crystal' helps explain why the net charges on all the water molecules are so small in the crystal. © 2014 The Partner Organisations

Post COVID-19 Conditions and the Cardiovascular System

One out of four patients affected by COVID-19 will experience persistent (>3-4 weeks) signs and symptoms (Post COVID-19 conditions or Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 – PASC) and this fact will have a major significance for the healthcare and economic systems in the upcoming years. The cardiovascular system is one of the key targets for the Post COVID-19 syndrome, given the pathogenesis of the virus and prevalence of ACE-2 receptors. According to our initial personal experience via the campaign “Life after COVID” of the Bulgarian Cardiac Institute, a substantial proportion of patients having suffered from COVID-19 develop long-term cardiovascular consequences. They could range from rhythm disorder and blood pressure variation, through impairment of myocardial mechanics and heart failure, and to acute vascular manifestations of Post COVID-19 conditions, such as acute coronary syndrome, acute pulmonary embolism, and acute limb ischemia. These cardiovascular complications require special and dedicated medical attention, and we could share our personal experience on the matter

MANAGING PROJECTS FOR ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION FROM RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES

Основната цел на настоящото изследване е да бъдат идентифицирани въз- можностите за усъвършенстване на управлението на енерговъзобновяеми проекти в Република България. Основната цел се постига с помощта на следните задачи – разкриване на особеностите на управлението на енерговъзобновяемите проекти като фактор за екологизиране на фирмената дейност; представяне на възможностите за подобряване на механизмите за управление на енерговъзобновяеми проекти на фирмено равнище. Обект на изследване са енерговъзобновяемите проекти, изпълнявани от фирмите в РБългария. Предметът на изследване са възможностите за ефективно управление на енерговъзобновяеми проекти (фотоволтаична електроцентрала) на фирмено равнище. Акцентира се върху възможностите за преодоляване на пречките, стоящи пред реализацията на енерговъзобновяем проект, независимо от тяхното естество; върху създаването на устойчив и гъвкав модел на управление на енерговъзобновяем проект (фотоволтаична електроцентрала) на фирмено равнище с цел екологизиране на фирмената дейност. The main purpose of the present study is to identify possibilities for improving the management of renewable energy projects in Bulgaria. This goal is achieved by completing the following tasks – reviewing the characteristics of renewable energy project management as a factor of ecologically-oriented company policies; outlining the possibilities for improving management mechanisms of such projects within companies. The object of study is the renewable energy projects carried out in Bulgaria and in particular the possibilities for effective company management of photovoltaic parks. Special attention is paid to the possibilities for overcoming setbacks in the management of such projects regardless of the causes that have led to them. The study proposes a flexible model for managing renewable energy projects (photovoltaic parks) by companies as a way of implementing ecologically-oriented practice