3,553 research outputs found
A Novel Beamformed Control Channel Design for LTE with Full Dimension-MIMO
The Full Dimension-MIMO (FD-MIMO) technology is capable of achieving huge
improvements in network throughput with simultaneous connectivity of a large
number of mobile wireless devices, unmanned aerial vehicles, and the Internet
of Things (IoT). In FD-MIMO, with a large number of antennae at the base
station and the ability to perform beamforming, the capacity of the physical
downlink shared channel (PDSCH) has increased a lot. However, the current
specifications of the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) does not allow
the base station to perform beamforming techniques for the physical downlink
control channel (PDCCH), and hence, PDCCH has neither the capacity nor the
coverage of PDSCH. Therefore, PDCCH capacity will still limit the performance
of a network as it dictates the number of users that can be scheduled at a
given time instant. In Release 11, 3GPP introduced enhanced PDCCH (EPDCCH) to
increase the PDCCH capacity at the cost of sacrificing the PDSCH resources. The
problem of enhancing the PDCCH capacity within the available control channel
resources has not been addressed yet in the literature. Hence, in this paper,
we propose a novel beamformed PDCCH (BF-PDCCH) design which is aligned to the
3GPP specifications and requires simple software changes at the base station.
We rely on the sounding reference signals transmitted in the uplink to decide
the best beam for a user and ingeniously schedule the users in PDCCH. We
perform system level simulations to evaluate the performance of the proposed
design and show that the proposed BF-PDCCH achieves larger network throughput
when compared with the current state of art algorithms, PDCCH and EPDCCH
schemes
Non-Universal Gaugino Masses, CDMS, and the LHC
We consider the possibility that the recently reported events at the CDMS-II
direct dark matter detection experiment are the result of coherent scattering
of supersymmetric neutralinos. In such a scenario we argue that non-universal
soft supersymmetry breaking gaugino masses are favored with a resulting
lightest neutralino with significant Higgsino and wino components. We discuss
the accompanying signals which must be seen at liquid-xenon direct detection
experiments and indirect detection experiments if such a supersymmetric
interpretation is to be maintained. We illustrate the possible consequences for
early discovery channels at the LHC via a set of benchmark points designed to
give rise to an observed event rate comparable to the reported CDMS-II data.Comment: Typos corrected and references adde
Modified SPLICE and its Extension to Non-Stereo Data for Noise Robust Speech Recognition
In this paper, a modification to the training process of the popular SPLICE
algorithm has been proposed for noise robust speech recognition. The
modification is based on feature correlations, and enables this stereo-based
algorithm to improve the performance in all noise conditions, especially in
unseen cases. Further, the modified framework is extended to work for
non-stereo datasets where clean and noisy training utterances, but not stereo
counterparts, are required. Finally, an MLLR-based computationally efficient
run-time noise adaptation method in SPLICE framework has been proposed. The
modified SPLICE shows 8.6% absolute improvement over SPLICE in Test C of
Aurora-2 database, and 2.93% overall. Non-stereo method shows 10.37% and 6.93%
absolute improvements over Aurora-2 and Aurora-4 baseline models respectively.
Run-time adaptation shows 9.89% absolute improvement in modified framework as
compared to SPLICE for Test C, and 4.96% overall w.r.t. standard MLLR
adaptation on HMMs.Comment: Submitted to Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding (ASRU)
2013 Worksho
The strange quark condensate in the nucleon in 2+1 flavor QCD
We calculate the "strange quark content of the nucleon", ,
which is important for interpreting the results of some dark matter detection
experiments. The method is to evaluate quark-line disconnected correlations on
the MILC lattice ensembles, which include the effects of dynamical strange
quarks. After continuum and chiral extrapolations, the result is <N |s s_bar
|N> = 0.69 +- 0.07(statistical) +- 0.09(systematic), in the modified minimal
subtraction scheme (2 GeV), or for the renormalization scheme invariant form,
m_s partial{M_N}/partial{m_s} = 59(6)(8) MeV.Comment: Added figures and references, especially for fit range choice. Other
changes for clarity. Version to appear in publicatio
Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis of the Brainstem as a Clinical Entity.
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a rare progressive neurological disorder of early adolescence caused by persistent infection of the measles virus, which remains prevalent worldwide despite an effective vaccine. SSPE is a devastating disease with a characteristic clinical course in subcortical white matter; however, atypical presentations of brainstem involvement may be seen in rare cases. This review summarizes reports to date on brainstem involvement in SSPE, including the clinical course of disease, neuroimaging presentations, and guidelines for treatment. A comprehensive literature search was performed for English-language publications with keywords "subacute sclerosing panencephalitis" and "brainstem" using the National Library of Medicine PubMed database (March 1981-September 2017). Eleven articles focusing on SSPE of the brainstem were included. Predominant brainstem involvement remains uncharacteristic of SSPE, which may lead to misdiagnosis and poor outcome. A number of case reports have demonstrated brainstem involvement associated with other intracranial lesions commonly presenting in later SSPE stages (III and IV). However, brainstem lesions can appear in all stages, independent of higher cortical structures. The varied clinical presentations complicate diagnosis from a neuroimaging perspective. SSPE of the brainstem is a rare but important clinical entity. It may present like canonical SSPE or with unique clinical features such as absence seizures and pronounced ataxia. While SSPE generally progresses to the brainstem, it can also begin with a primary focus of infection in the brainstem. Awareness of varied SSPE presentations can aid in early diagnosis as well as guide management and treatment
Effect of Concentration on the Supramolecular Polymerization Mechanism via Implicit-Solvent Coarse-Grained Simulations of Water-Soluble 1,3,5-Benzenetricarboxamide
We report an implicit-solvent coarse-grained (CG) model for a water-soluble 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxamide (BTA) supramolecular polymer. The technical advances guaranteed by this CG model allow simulation of the self-assembly of 1000 BTA monomers and easy variation of the BTA concentration into the system down to experimental dilute conditions. In this way, we can monitor the mechanism of supramolecular polymerization as a function of the concentration at submolecular resolution exceeding the microsecond time scale. While increasing the concentration produces rapid formation of large disordered clusters that are then converted into BTA fibers, moving to very dilute concentrations favors early ordering of the oligomers in solution even at small sizes. Interestingly, we observe that below a certain concentration the oligomers that dynamically grow in solution during the self-assembly present the same level (and amplification) of order of prestacked equilibrated oligomers of the same size, meaning that concentration-dependent kinetic effects have disappeared from the polymerization mechanism
From Cooperative Self-Assembly to Water-Soluble Supramolecular Polymers Using Coarse-Grained Simulations
Supramolecular polymers, formed via noncovalent self-assembly of elementary monomers, are extremely interesting for their dynamic bioinspired properties. In order to understand their behavior, it is necessary to access their dynamics while maintaining high resolution in the treatment of the monomer structure and monomer-monomer interactions, which is typically a difficult task, especially in aqueous solution. Focusing on 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxamide (BTA) water-soluble supramolecular polymers, we have developed a transferable coarse-grained model that allows studying BTA supramolecular polymerization in water, while preserving remarkable consistency with the atomistic models in the description of the key interactions between the monomers (hydrophobic, H-bonding, etc.), self-assembly cooperativity, and amplification of order into the growing fibers. This permitted us to monitor the amplification of the key interactions between the monomers (including H-bonding) in the BTA fibers during the dynamic polymerization process. Our molecular dynamics simulations provide a picture of a stepwise cooperative polymerization mechanism, where initial fast hydrophobic aggregation of the BTA monomers in water is followed by the slower reorganization of these disordered aggregates into ordered directional oligomers. Supramolecular polymer growth then proceeds on a slower time scale. We challenged our models via comparison with the experimental evidence, capturing the effect of temperature variations and subtle changes in the monomer structure on the polymerization and on the properties of the fibers seen in the real systems. This work provides a multiscale spatiotemporal characterization of BTA self-assembly in water and a useful platform to study a variety of BTA-based supramolecular polymers toward structure-property relationships
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