Odsotnost spodnje vene kave z nadaljevanjem poteka vene azygos/hemiazygos. Žilna nepravilnost pri prašičjem živalskem modelu

Background. Electrochemotherapy is a local treatment combining application of electric pulses and chemotherapy. Two chemotherapeutic drugs, bleomycin and cisplatin, have proved to be effective in electrochemotherapy. The effectiveness of electrochemotherapy was demonstrated in the treatment of various cutaneous and subcutaneous tumours in cancer patients. Only a few preclinical studies were performed in colorectal carcinoma, mostly using bleomycin. Our aim was to evaluate the sensitivity of the murine colorectal carcinoma cell line CMT-93 to electrochemotherapy with bleomycin and cisplatinfor potential use in preclinical and clinical studies. Methods. CMT-93 cells were exposed to either the chemotherapeutic drug alone or electrochemotherapy. A clonogenic assay was used to determine cell survival after treatment. Apoptosis was measured by caspase-3/7 activity, necrosis by changes in cell morphology and cell viability by the MTS assay 16 hours after electrochemotherapy. Results. Cells treated with electrochemotherapy were 500-fold more sensitive to bleomycin and 2.8-fold more sensitive to cisplatin compared to cells treated with the drugs alone. At the highest concentrations,a significant reduction in cell viability, increase in caspase-3/7 activity and necrotic cells were observed after electrochemotherapy. Conclusions. Exposure of cells to electric pulses enhanced cytotoxicity of both bleomycin and cisplatin. Reduced cell viability was due to apoptotic and necrotic cell death. Furthermore, electrochemotherapywith bleomycin was more cytotoxic than electrochemotherapy with cisplatin in this colorectal carcinoma cell line

Perkutana transluminalna angioplastika aortne rekoarktacije

Two cases of successful dilatation of recoarctation of the aorta due to a subclavien turndown operation are reported. In both cases Grüntzig technique was used. The first patient, aged 10 months, had the gradient rediced from 40 mm Hg to 10 mm Hg. The second, aged 1 year, had the gradient reduced from 80 mm Hg to 30 mm Hg. In the second patient right femoral pulse disapeared after procedure and surgery (thrombarteriectomy) was performed