Physiological indicators and yield of the Chinese cabbage cultivated at different soil water tensions

The development and yield of Chinese cabbage is influenced by soil moisture. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological indicators, development, and yield of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis (Lour.) Rupr.) grown at different soil water tension ranges. Two experiments were conducted (2016–2017) in the Olericulture Sector of the Federal University of Technology of Paraná. Two cultivars of the Chinese cabbage, Eikoo and Kinjitsu, and four soil water tension ranges 13–17, 23–27, 33–37, and 43–47 kPa were studied. Eikoo presented higher relative chlorophyll index, photosynthesis, and fresh leaf mass than did Kinjitsu. Physiological indicators transpiration (5.8 mmol H2O m-2 s -1 ), photosynthesis (14.5 µmol CO2 m-2 s -1 ), stomatal conductance (0.31 mol H2O m-2 s -1 ), and WUE (39.4 kg m-3 ) were higher at 13–17 kPa soil water tension. Soil water tension ranges with high water restrictions reduced the fresh leaf mass of both cultivars. Fresh leaf mass decreased by 236.2 and 191.7 g plant-1 in the highest soil water tension range in 2016 and 2017, respectively, when compared with the fresh leaf mass at the 13–17 kPa tension range. The lowest water consumption was observed at the 13–17 kPa tension range. The year 2017 resulted in higher internal CO2 concentration, transpiration rate, fresh leaf mass, number of irrigations and water consumption compared to the year 2016. Thus, the irrigation regime for the most optimal Chinese cabbage cultivation should maintain the soil water tension range at 13–17 kPa

ANALISIS POLA HLA KELAS I PADA PENDERITA DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE POPULASI INDONESIA DI ,JAWA TIMUR

Angka kejadian emerging diseases di populasi Indonesia cenderung meningkat dibandingkan beberapa saat yang lalu misalnya Demam Berdarah Dengue atau dikenal Dengue Haemorhagic Fever (DHF) dan sangat mungkin mempunyai korelasi dengan faktor yang spesifik berperan terlibat dalam proses kejadian sa kit Interaksi factor eksternal seperti perobahan Iingkungan , factor demographic, host immunity, microorganism variant dan resistensi obat pada penyakit infeksi sangat mungkin meningkatkan dan berperan dalam pe~jalanan penyakit ksi yang pertama maupun infebaik pada infeks yang berulang Pendekatan Immunology pada Demam Dengue (DO) rmelalui dua sisi. Pertama, pemahaman mekanisme dasar associated antigen recognition, elimination, rejection and proteksi imun. Kedua, aplikasi pemahaman tentang immunological memory yang bermanfaat bagi kepentingan pembaruan diagnostik, terapetik dan prevensi. Ekspresi yang luas tentang emerging pathogens sebagai target molekul yang mengalami proses mutated antigen; merupakan suatu danger signal yang harus dicermati. Penelitian mutakir memperlihatkan bahwa mmune competent cells seperti Iimposit T dan limposit B terpapar dengan virus DHF sebagai antigen, Molekul yang terlibat mengenal antigen virus OHF tersebut adalah Alajor Histocompatibility Complex (ltfHC) I Human Lekocyte Antigen (fiLA) molecules yang akan terekspresi pada sel yang disebut APC (antigen presenting cell) dan selanjutnya akan mengalami proses imun pad a tubuh hospes. Pada kejadian penyakit infeksi ekspresi lv/HeRLA class II molecules, bertujuan mengenal the new mutated antigen dan selanjutnya akan mengekspresikan the MHCIHLA class 1molecules untuk upaya eliminasi antigen Kemajuan penelitian factor genetik pad a penyakit DHF sehagi penyakit infeksi berpijak pada analisis berbagai unsur biologik dan clinical phenotypes yang berkorelasi dengan kejadian infeksi virus menunjukan bahwa factor genetic hospes sangat berperan terhadap kerentanan terhadap kejadian sakit karena infeksi. Upaya penelitian ini untuk memahami proses regulasi imunregalation dari berbagai variasi perbedaan patogen dan system imun hospes, misalnya tlte cross talk berbag&i komponen imun , misalnya sistem immune genetik. Fokus penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi molekul HLA -A, ·B, yang termasuk ruang lingkup gen yang mengendalikan sistem imun pada hospes (host) dan mampu berekspresi sebagai susceptibility gene yang mempunyai koreJasi / asosiasi yang bermakna dengan terjadinya DD pad a host. Sasaran penelitian adalah populasi penderita yang mendapat infeksi DO yang bemlang dan jumlah sampel yang akan diteliti sebanyak 20 sampel darah penderita Metode pemeriksaan sistem HLA·A,-B dengan uji DNA typing-peR dan hasiln deteksi gene tersebut akan analisis selanjutnya dengan metode chi-squre koreksi dari Yates. Nilai peluang sesorang untuk mendapatkan penyakit DD/DBD dinyatakan dengan menguji resiko relatiJ dengan rumus dari Wolfs. HasH penelitian adalah jenis HLA-A*11,-A*24 dan HLA-B*15,-B*18 yang spesifik dan mempunyai hubungan yang bennakna dengan kejadian sakit ODpada populasi Indonesia di Jawa Timur. Hasil identifikasi gen HLA yang secara statistik mempunyai asosiasi dengan kejadian sakit OOIDBO dimanfaatkan sebagai faktor determinan yang potensial perlu diperhitungkan dalam strategi rekayasa vaksi

Dysregulated autoantibodies targeting vaso- and immunoregulatory receptors in Post COVID Syndrome correlate with symptom severity

Most patients with Post COVID Syndrome (PCS) present with a plethora of symptoms without clear evidence of organ dysfunction. A subset of them fulfills diagnostic criteria of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). Symptom severity of ME/CFS correlates with natural regulatory autoantibody (AAB) levels targeting several G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR). In this exploratory study, we analyzed serum AAB levels against vaso- and immunoregulatory receptors, mostly GPCRs, in 80 PCS patients following mild-to-moderate COVID-19, with 40 of them fulfilling diagnostic criteria of ME/CFS. Healthy seronegative (n=38) and asymptomatic post COVID-19 controls (n=40) were also included in the study as control groups. We found lower levels for various AABs in PCS compared to at least one control group, accompanied by alterations in the correlations among AABs. Classification using random forest indicated AABs targeting ADRB2, STAB1, and ADRA2A as the strongest classifiers (AABs stratifying patients according to disease outcomes) of post COVID-19 outcomes. Several AABs correlated with symptom severity in PCS groups. Remarkably, severity of fatigue and vasomotor symptoms were associated with ADRB2 AAB levels in PCS/ME/CFS patients. Our study identified dysregulation of AAB against various receptors involved in the autonomous nervous system (ANS), vaso-, and immunoregulation and their correlation with symptom severity, pointing to their role in the pathogenesis of PCS

Reproducibility in the absence of selective reporting : An illustration from large-scale brain asymmetry research

Altres ajuts: Max Planck Society (Germany).The problem of poor reproducibility of scientific findings has received much attention over recent years, in a variety of fields including psychology and neuroscience. The problem has been partly attributed to publication bias and unwanted practices such as p-hacking. Low statistical power in individual studies is also understood to be an important factor. In a recent multisite collaborative study, we mapped brain anatomical left-right asymmetries for regional measures of surface area and cortical thickness, in 99 MRI datasets from around the world, for a total of over 17,000 participants. In the present study, we revisited these hemispheric effects from the perspective of reproducibility. Within each dataset, we considered that an effect had been reproduced when it matched the meta-analytic effect from the 98 other datasets, in terms of effect direction and significance threshold. In this sense, the results within each dataset were viewed as coming from separate studies in an "ideal publishing environment," that is, free from selective reporting and p hacking. We found an average reproducibility rate of 63.2% (SD = 22.9%, min = 22.2%, max = 97.0%). As expected, reproducibility was higher for larger effects and in larger datasets. Reproducibility was not obviously related to the age of participants, scanner field strength, FreeSurfer software version, cortical regional measurement reliability, or regional size. These findings constitute an empirical illustration of reproducibility in the absence of publication bias or p hacking, when assessing realistic biological effects in heterogeneous neuroscience data, and given typically-used sample sizes

Patient-reported outcome measures for hip-related pain: A review of the available evidence and a consensus statement from the International Hip-related Pain Research Network, Zurich 2018

Hip-related pain is a well-recognised complaint among active young and middle-aged active adults. People experiencing hip-related disorders commonly report pain and reduced functional capacity, including difficulties in executing activities of daily living. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are essential to accurately examine and compare the effects of different treatments on disability in those with hip pain. In November 2018, 38 researchers and clinicians working in the field of hip-related pain met in Zurich, Switzerland for the first International Hip-related Pain Research Network meeting. Prior to the meeting, evidence summaries were developed relating to four prioritised themes. This paper discusses the available evidence and consensus process from which recommendations were made regarding the appropriate use of PROMs to assess disability in young and middle-aged active adults with hip-related pain. Our process to gain consensus had five steps: (1) systematic review of systematic reviews; (2) preliminary discussion within the working group; (3) update of the more recent high-quality systematic review and examination of the psychometric properties of PROMs according to established guidelines; (4) formulation of the recommendations considering the limitations of the PROMs derived from the examination of their quality; and (5

Prevalence of Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Europe: The Past and the Future

Purpose Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a frequent, complex disorder in elderly of European ancestry. Risk profiles and treatment options have changed considerably over the years, which may have affected disease prevalence and outcome. We determined the prevalence of early and late AMD in Europe from 1990 to 2013 using the European Eye Epidemiology (E3) consortium, and made projections for the future. Design Meta-analysis of prevalence data. Participants A total of 42 080 individuals 40 years of age and older participating in 14 population-based cohorts from 10 countries in Europe. Methods AMD was diagnosed based on fundus photographs using the Rotterdam Classification. Prevalence of early and late AMD was calculated using random-effects meta-analysis stratified for age, birth cohort, gender, geographic region, and time period of the study. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was compared between late AMD subtypes; geographic atrophy (GA) and choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Main Outcome Measures Prevalence of early and late AMD, BCVA, and number of AMD cases. Results Prevalence of early AMD increased from 3.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.1%–5.0%) in those aged 55–59 years to 17.6% (95%

Mentalizing and the Role of the Posterior Superior Temporal Sulcus in Sharing Others' Embarrassment

The experience of embarrassment provides a highly salient cue for the human moral apparatus. Interestingly, people also experience embarrassment on behalf of others' inappropriate conditions. The perceiver's embarrassment often lacks an equivalent expression of embarrassment in the social counterpart. The present study examines this phenomenon and distinguishes neural circuits involved in embarrassment with and embarrassment for another person's mishaps. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we show that the embarrassment on behalf of others engages the temporal pole and the medial prefrontal cortex, central structures of the mentalizing network, together with the anterior insula and anterior cingulate cortex. In contrast, sharing others' embarrassment additionally stimulated the posterior superior temporal sulcus (STS), which exhibited increased functional integration with inferior parietal and insular cortex areas. These findings characterize common neural circuits involved in the embodied representation of embarrassment and further unravel the unique role of the posterior STS in sharing others' affective state

Mentalizing and the Role of the Posterior Superior Temporal Sulcus in Sharing Others' Embarrassment

The experience of embarrassment provides a highly salient cue for the human moral apparatus. Interestingly, people also experience embarrassment on behalf of others' inappropriate conditions. The perceiver's embarrassment often lacks an equivalent expression of embarrassment in the social counterpart. The present study examines this phenomenon and distinguishes neural circuits involved in embarrassment with and embarrassment for another person's mishaps. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we show that the embarrassment on behalf of others engages the temporal pole and the medial prefrontal cortex, central structures of the mentalizing network, together with the anterior insula and anterior cingulate cortex. In contrast, sharing others' embarrassment additionally stimulated the posterior superior temporal sulcus (STS), which exhibited increased functional integration with inferior parietal and insular cortex areas. These findings characterize common neural circuits involved in the embodied representation of embarrassment and further unravel the unique role of the posterior STS in sharing others' affective state