Influence of phosphorus fertilization and introduction of winter forage species on forage offer from natural pasture

A pecuária de corte no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul é baseada na utilização de pastagens naturais, que são de baixa produtividade e sazonalidade de produção. O objetivo deste trabalho foi testar o efeito de diferentes fosfatos, solúveis e natural, associados ou não à calagem, no melhoramento de pastagem natural pela introdução de espécies forrageiras de inverno. O estudo foi conduzido na Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, em solo Argissolo Vermelho. Os tratamentos foram: foscal (superfosfato simples + calcário); superfosfato triplo + calcário; superfosfato triplo; hiperfosfato de gafsa; sem adubação fosfatada e sem calcário; testemunha de pastagem natural. Com exceção do último, todos os tratamentos receberam adubação potássica, nitrogenada e introdução de Lolium multiflorum e Trifolium vesiculosum. Foram aplicados nos tratamentos específicos 3,2 Mg ha-1 de calcário (elevação do pH-H2O a 5,5), 180 kg ha-1 de P2O5, 130 kg ha-1 de K2O e 70 kg ha-1 de N. A produtividade de matéria seca foi avaliada nos períodos do inverno, primavera, primavera-verão e verão-outono. A adubação fosfatada aumentou significativamente a produtividade de matéria seca da pastagem. Os fosfatos solúveis proporcionaram maiores produções que o fosfato natural. A calagem não aumentou a produtividade de Lolium multiflorum e da pastagem natural, mas o Trifolium vesiculosum apresentou resposta a este insumo.The beef cattle production in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, is based on natural pasture grazing, which are of low productivity and seasonal growth. The present work was done to test the effects of Italian ryegrass and arrowleaf clover introduction in natural pasture under different phosphorus fertilizer, soluble and natural, associated or not to the lime, on forage improvement from natural pasture. The study was conducted at Universidade Federal de Santa Maria on a Paleudalf. The treatments were: foscal (simple superphosphate + lime); triple superphosphate + lime; triple superphosphate; rock phosphate of Gafsa; without phosphorus fertilizer and without lime, and natural pasture. Except for the last treatment, the others received potassium and nitrogen fertilizers and introduction of Lolium multiflorum and Trifolium vesiculosum. The autors used 3.2 Mg ha-1 of lime (elevation of the pH-H2O to 5.5), 180 kg ha-1 of P2O5, 130 kg ha-1 of K2O and 70 kg ha-1 of N. The productivity of dry matter was evaluated for the following periods: winter, spring, spring-summer and summer-autumn. The phosphorus fertilization increased the productivity of dry matter of the pasture and the soluble phosphates provided greater productions than the rock phosphate. The lime did not increase productivity of Lolium multiflorum and natural pasture, but Trifolium vesiculosum responded to this input

Educomunicação e suas áreas de intervenção: Novos paradigmas para o diálogo intercultural

oai:omp.abpeducom.org.br:publicationFormat/1O material aqui divulgado representa, em essência, a contribuição do VII Encontro Brasileiro de Educomunicação ao V Global MIL Week, da UNESCO, ocorrido na ECA/USP, entre 3 e 5 de novembro de 2016. Estamos diante de um conjunto de 104 papers executivos, com uma média de entre 7 e 10 páginas, cada um. Com este rico e abundante material, chegamos ao sétimo e-book publicado pela ABPEducom, em seus seis primeiros anos de existência. A especificidade desta obra é a de trazer as “Áreas de Intervenção” do campo da Educomunicação, colocando-as a serviço de uma meta essencial ao agir educomunicativo: o diálogo intercultural, trabalhado na linha do tema geral do evento internacional: Media and Information Literacy: New Paradigms for Intercultural Dialogue

Reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament in skeletally immature patients: an individualized approach,

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate a series of skeletally immature patients who underwent three surgical techniques for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction according to each patient's growth potential.METHODS: a series of 23 skeletally immature patients who underwent ACL reconstruction surgery at ages ranging from 7 to 15 years was evaluated prospectively. The surgical technique was individualized according to the Tanner sexual maturity score. The surgical techniques used were transphyseal reconstruction, partial transphyseal reconstruction and extraphyseal reconstruction. Four patients underwent the extraphyseal technique, seven the partial transphyseal technique and twelve the full transphyseal technique, on the ACL. The postoperative evaluation was based on the Lysholm score, clinical analysis on the knee and the presence of angular deformity or dysmetria of the lower limb.RESULTS: the mean Lysholm score was 96.34 (±2.53). None of the patients presented differences in length and/or clinical or radiographic misalignment abnormality of the lower limbs.CONCLUSION: ACL reconstruction using flexor tendon grafts in skeletally immature patients provided satisfactory functional results. Use of individualized surgical techniques according to growth potential did not give rise to physeal lesions capable of causing length discrepancies or misalignments of the lower limbs, even in patients with high growth potential

Reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament by means of an anteromedial portal and femoral fixation using Rigidfix,

Objective:To evaluate a series of patients who underwent surgery for reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament with flexor tendons, by means of the anteromedial transportal technique using Rigidfix for femoral fixation, and to analyze the positioning of the pins by means of tomography.Methods:Thirty-two patients were included in the study. The clinical evaluation was done using the Lysholm, subjective IKDC and Rolimeter. All of them underwent computed tomography with 3D reconstruction in order to evaluate the entry point and positioning of the Rigidfix pins in relation to the joint cartilage of the lateral condyle of the femur.Results:The mean Lysholm score obtained was 87.81 and the subjective IKDC was 83.72. Among the 32 patients evaluated, 43% returned to activities that were considered to be very vigorous, 9% vigorous, 37.5% moderate and 12.5% light. In 16 patients (50%), the distal entry point of the Rigidfix pin was located outside of the cartilage (extracartilage); in seven (21.87%), the distal pin injured the joint cartilage (intracartilage); and in nine (28.12%), it was at the border of the lateral condyle of the femur.Conclusion:The patients who underwent ACL reconstruction by means of the anteromedial transportal using the Rigidfix system presented satisfactory clinical results over the length of follow-up evaluated. However, the risk of lesions of the joint cartilage from the distal Rigidfix pin needs to be taken into consideration when the technique via an anteromedial portal is used. Further studies with larger numbers of patients and longer follow-up times should be conducted for better evaluation

Effectiveness of different arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungi on initial and post-transplant growth and bean yield of coffee tree seedlings

Estudaram-se os efeitos da inoculação, no cafeeiro, de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMA) na formação das mudas; crescimento pós-transplante em solo fumigado, e quanto à sobrevivência e produção a campo. Plântulas no estádio de orelha-de-onça receberam, separadamente, inóculos de Gigaspora margarita e Glomus clarum e de FMA indígenas, isolados de cafeeiro, milho e soja, totalizando 15 tratamentos. A inoculação favoreceu o crescimento das mudas durante a sua formação e após o transplante, tanto nos vasos quanto no campo. Os aumentos no crescimento foram menores que 100% na fase de formação das mudas, e superiores a 400% nas mudas transplantadas para solo fumigado. Nestas duas fases do estudo não foram verificadas diferenças marcantes entre os fungos. Todos os fungos favoreceram a sobrevivência e desenvolvimento das plantas no campo, mas apenas a espécie Gigaspora margarita e fungos indígenas da região do Padap, Lavras, Varginha e Três Pontas aumentaram significativamente a produção do cafeeiro. A produção de grãos nestes tratamentos foi, em média, 100% superior à do tratamento sem inoculação.The effects of inoculation of coffee tree seedlings with different arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungi on seedling raising (nursery) and post-transplant growth stages, survival and bean yield under field conditions are reported. Seedlings were inoculated with Gigaspora margarita, Glomus clarum and with other thirteen fungal assemblages of indigenous mycorrhizal fungi, previously isolated from coffee, corn and soybean crops. Mycorrhizal inoculation improved seedling growth at nursery stage and also after they were transplanted to fumigated soil and to field plot. Growth increases due to inoculation were, on the average, below 100% at nursery stage and above 400% when seedlings were transplanted to pots in the greenhouse. Responses at these two stages showed no major differences among the fungal treatments. Survival and growth of ouplanted seedlings were increased by all fungal treatments. However, bean yield was significantly increased only by G.margarita and by four indigenous fungal assemblages. Mean yield increase of these treatments was on the average 100% higher than non-inoculated control