Salinidade e seu efeito sobre a produção de grãos do quiabeiro Santa Cruz 47

The study was conducted at Station Lisimétrica Federal Rural University of Semiarid, Mossoró-RN, in order to evaluate the effect of different irrigation with saline water in the culture of okra Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench, cv Santa Cruz 47. We used 21 drainage lysimeters, built in the form of boxes of buried fiber at 0.75 m depth and 0.7 m filled up with soil classified as Ultisol. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with seven treatments and three replications. The treatments were seven irrigation levels (L0, L1, L2, L3, L4, L5 and L6 corresponding irrigation water with low salinity to 110% of Etc; irrigation water salinity increased to 80, 90, 100, 110 , 120 and 130% of Etc, respectively), with three replications. We evaluated the following variables: plant height, stem diameter, leaf number, average fruit weight and grains per plant and grain yield per hectare was no significant effect of irrigation on all variables except for the number of leaves per plant.O trabalho foi realizado na Estação Lisimétrica da Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido, Mossoró-RN, objetivando-se avaliar o efeito de diferentes lâminas de irrigação com água salina na cultura do quiabeiro Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench, cultivar Santa Cruz 47. Foram utilizados 21 lisímetros de drenagem, construídos na forma de caixas de fibras enterradas a 1,15 m de profundidade, e preenchidas até com solo classificado como Argissolo. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos inteiramente casualizados com sete tratamentos e três repetições. Os tratamentos utilizados foram sete lâminas de irrigação (L0, L1, L2, L3, L4, L5 e L6 correspondentes a irrigação com água de baixa salinidade a 110% da Etc; irrigação com água de salinidade elevada a 80, 90, 100, 110, 120 e 130% da Etc; respectivamente ), com três repetições. Foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: altura de plantas, diâmetro de caule, número de folhas, massa média de frutos e grãos por planta e produção de grãos por hectare, houve efeito significativo das lâminas de irrigação sobre todas as variáveis analisadas, exceto para o número de folhas por planta.

Nested diets: a novel pattern of individual-level resource use

Many generalist populations may actually be composed of relatively specialist individuals. This ‘individual specialization’ may have important ecological and evolutionary implications. Although this phenomenon has been documented in more than one hundred taxa, it is still unclear how individuals within a population actually partition resources. Here we applied several methods based on network theory to investigate the intrapopulation patterns of resource use in the gracile mouse opossum Gracilinanus microtarsus. We found evidence of significant individual specialization in this species and that the diets of specialists are nested within the diets of generalists. This novel pattern is consistent with a recently proposed model of optimal foraging and implies strong asymmetry in the interactions among individuals of a population11918188CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPnão temnão te

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data