Predictors of cIMT determined from multivariable models selected after the adaptive lasso procedure.

<p>^a These results are from the proportional odds model</p><p>^b These results are from the linear model originally selected by the adaptive lasso procedure</p><p>Abbreviations: BMI—body mass index; LDL—low density lipoprotein.</p><p>Reference categories: Sex: Male; Smoking: Never; Family History of AMI or Stroke: No; Use of lipid-lowering drugs: No; Hypertension: No</p><p>Predictors of cIMT determined from multivariable models selected after the adaptive lasso procedure.</p

HIV Infection Is Not Associated with Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from the INI/ELSA-Brasil Study

<div><p>Background</p><p>Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) has been used as an early marker of atherosclerotic disease in the general population. Recently its role among HIV-infected patients has been questioned. To date, no Brazilian study has compared cIMT in respect to HIV status.</p><p>Methods</p><p>We compared data from 535 patients actively followed in a prospective cohort in Rio de Janeiro (HIV group); 88 HIV-negative individuals who were nominated by patients (friend controls–FCs); and 10,943 participants of the ELSA-Brasil study. Linear regression models were used to study associations of the 3 groups and several covariables with cIMT. Propensity scores weighting (PSW) were also employed to balance data.</p><p>Results</p><p>Median thickness in mm (IQR) were 0.54 (0.49,0.62); 0.58 (0.52,0.68); and 0.57 (0.49,0.70), HIV, FCs and ELSA-Brasil groups, respectively (p-value<0.001). The best linear model chosen did not include the group variables, after adjusting for all the variables chosen, showing no difference of cIMT across groups. Similar results were obtained with PSW. Several traditional CVD risk factors were also significantly associated with cIMT: female gender, higher education and higher HDL were negatively associated while risk factors were older age, current/former smoker, AMI/stroke family history, CVD history, hypertension, DM, higher BMI and total cholesterol.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>We show for the first time in a middle-income setting that cIMT, is not different in HIV-infected patients in Rio de Janeiro compared with 2 different groups of non-HIV-infected individuals. Traditional CVD risk factors are associated with this outcome. Our results point out that high standards of care and prevention for CVD risk factors should always be sought both in the HIV-infected and non-infected populations to prevent CVD-related events.</p></div

Characteristics of patients stratified by cIMT terciles ^a.

<p>^a Numbers are N (%) unless noted otherwise</p><p>Abbreviations: IQR—interquartile range; AMI—acute myocardial infarction; CVD—cardiovascular disease; BMI—body mass index; DM—diabetes mellitus; HDL—high density lipoprotein; LDL—low density lipoprotein; hs-CRP high sensitivity C-reactive protein; CMV—cytomegalovirus.</p><p>Characteristics of patients stratified by cIMT terciles <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0117461#t001fn001" target="_blank">^a</a>.</p

Characteristics of participants stratified by groups^a.

<p>Characteristics of participants stratified by groups<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0158999#t001fn001" target="_blank">^a</a>.</p

Final model for cIMT compared with the ELSA-Brasil control group.

<p>Final model for cIMT compared with the ELSA-Brasil control group.</p

Final model for cIMT compared with the Friemds control group.

<p>Final model for cIMT compared with the Friemds control group.</p

Specific characteristics of HIV-infected patients by cART status.

<p>Specific characteristics of HIV-infected patients by cART status.</p

L'Auto-vélo : automobilisme, cyclisme, athlétisme, yachting, aérostation, escrime, hippisme / dir. Henri Desgranges

23 juillet 19321932/07/23 (A33,N11543)