Reação de genótipos de feijão ao crestamento bacteriano comum, avaliado por dois métodos de inoculação Reaction of bean genotypes to the common bacterial blight, evaluated by two inoculation methods

Conhecer a resistência de genótipos de feijão à fitopatógenos é importante para uso em programas de melhoramento genético. Duas técnicas de inoculação bacteriana foram testadas para avaliar a sensibilidade de genótipos de feijão ao crestamento bacteriano comum, causado por Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli. Foram inoculados folíolos de 56 genótipos de feijão, utilizando-se das técnicas de agulhas múltiplas e incisão com tesoura, utilizando o isolado XAP 15497. Foi possível classificar 21 genótipos resistentes, 13 moderadamente resistentes, 9 moderadamente suscetíveis e 13 suscetíveis pelo método de inoculação com agulhas múltiplas. No método de inoculação com tesoura, foi possível classificar 24 genótipos como resistentes, 21 como moderadamente resistentes, 7 como moderadamente suscetíveis e 4 suscetíveis. Os genótipos IPR Chopim, IAPAR 81, IAPAR 16, BRS Campeiro, BRS Radiante, IAPAR 80, UTF 6, SM 9906, PI 2072620, LP 01-51, PB 4, Uirapuru, IAPAR 20, Zonin, IAPAR 31, 2 V, CNPF 7762, BRS Talismã, Pérola, Lon Rosinha e UTF 9 tiveram comportamento semelhante diante dos dois métodos de inoculação. Verificou-se que os dois métodos de inoculação foram eficientes para a determinação das reações de suscetibilidade e resistência dos genótipos. Porém, a técnica de inoculação com agulhas múltiplas demonstrou maior praticidade e precisão para a avaliação da área foliar inoculada.<br>The knowledge of resistance of bean genotypes to pathogens is important to genetic breeding programs. Two methods of bacterial inoculation were tested to evaluate the sensitivity of bean genotypes to common bacterial blight, caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli. Leaves of 56 bean genotypes were inoculated by the method of multiple needles and the method of incision with scissors, using the isolated XAP 15497. We classified 21 genotypes as resistant, 13 as moderately resistant, 9 as moderately susceptible, and 13 as susceptible by the method of inoculation with multiple needles. With the method of inoculation with scissors it was possible to classify 24 genotypes as resistant, 21 as moderately resistant, 7 as moderately susceptible, and 4 as susceptible. The genotypes IPR Chopim, IAPAR 81, IAPAR 16, BRS Campeiro, BRS Radiante, IAPAR 80, UTF 6, SM 9906, PI 2072620, LP 01-51, PB 4, Uirapuru, IAPAR 20, Zonin, IAPAR 31, 2 V, CNPF 7762, BRS Talismã, Pérola, Lon Rosinha, and UTF 9 had similar behavior in the two methods of inoculation. Both methods of inoculation were efficient in determining the reactions of susceptibility and resistance of the genotypes but the method of inoculation with multiple needles was more precise and practical in the evaluation of the inoculated portion of the leaf

Prediction of direct and indirect genetic gains and genotypic correlations in rubber tree progenies

The objective of this work was to estimate the genetic parameters, genotypic and phenotypic correlations, and direct and indirect genetic gains among and within rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) progenies. The experiment was set up at the Municipality of Jaú, SP, Brazil. A randomized complete block design was used, with 22 treatments (progenies), 6 replicates, and 10 plants per plot at a spacing of 3x3 m. Three‑year‑old progenies were assessed for girth, rubber yield, and bark thickness by direct and indirect gains and genotypic correlations. The number of latex vessel rings showed the best correlations, correlating positively and significantly with girth and bark thickness. Selection gains among progenies were greater than within progeny for all the variables analyzed. Total gains obtained were high, especially for girth increase and rubber yield, which were 93.38 and 105.95%, respectively. Young progeny selection can maximize the expected genetic gains, reducing the rubber tree selection cycle