10 research outputs found

    Influence of frailty, physical activity and cognition on Timed Up and Go dual task

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    The frailty syndrome has been described as an important geriatric syndrome by being associated with an increased risk of functional decline, falls, institutionalization, hospitalization and death. In addition, some studies have found an association with cognitive decline and low level of physical activity. The study aims were (a) to verify the influence of frailty syndrome, level of physical activity and cognition on Timed Up and Go test (TUG) and Timed Up and Go associated with dual task (TUG-DT) performances; and (b) to compare TUG and TUG-DT performances between older adults who developed frailty syndrome. Sixty-four individuals were divided into frail, pre-frail and non-frail groups. The assessment consisted of cognition (ACE-R), physical activity level (triaxial accelerometer), isolated secondary task, TUG and TUG-DT. For statistical analysis, one-way ANOVA or Chi-square tests were used to compare groups. Multiple linear regression to identify variables that could predict the time performance in TUG and TUG-DT, and, ANCOVA to compare the three groups. Regarding the characteristics of the sample, the groups presented homogeneous, except gender, which showed more women in the pre-frail group. Significant differences in daily physical activity level were found in the frail group for energy expenditure, time sitting/lying, time standing, time stepping and step count variables. There were no differences in ACE-R total score, however, there was difference between the frail group and non-frail just in attention and orientation domain. The isolated secondary task was influenced cognition during its realization, but there were no differences between groups. TUG performance was not influenced by age, physical activity level or frailty, however, frail group differed from non-frail group in time and number of steps. Regarding the performance of the elderly in TUG-DT, cognition and age influenced the time of completion and number of steps, respectively, however, no differences were found between groups. The results show that the performance of the TUG is influenced by the presence of the frailty syndrome, age and of physical activity level and the performance of the TUG-DT is influenced by age and cognition.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)A síndrome da fragilidade tem sido descrita como uma importante síndrome geriátrica por estar associada ao aumento do risco de declínio funcional, quedas, institucionalização e morte. Além disso, alguns estudos têm verificado uma associação com declínio cognitivo e baixo nível de atividade física. O presente estudo teve como objetivos: (a) verificar a influência da síndrome da fragilidade, nível de atividade física e cognição no desempenho dos testes Timed Up and Go (TUG) e Timed Up and Go associado à dupla tarefa (TUG-DT) e (b) comparar o desempenho de idosos que cursam a síndrome da fragilidade em ambos os testes. Sessenta e quatro idosos foram divididos em grupos frágil, pré-frágil e não frágil. Foram avaliados: cognição (ACE-R), nível de atividade física (acelerômetro triaxial), tarefa secundária isolada, TUG e TUG-DT. Na análise estatística, utilizou-se ANOVA one way e Qui-quadrado para comparação dos grupos. Regressão linear múltipla para identificar as variáveis preditoras dos tempos de realização do TUG e TUG-DT e ANCOVA para comparar os três grupos. Com relação às características da amostra, os grupos apresentaram-se homogêneos, exceto a variável sexo, com mais mulheres no grupo pré-frágil. Diferenças significativas no nível de atividade física diário foram encontradas no grupo frágil para as variáveis gasto energético, tempo em repouso, tempo em ortostase, tempo caminhando e contagem de passos. Não foram encontradas diferenças na pontuação total do ACE-R, verificou-se diferença entre o grupo frágil e não frágil apenas no domínio atenção e orientação. A tarefa secundária isolada sofreu influência da cognição durante a sua realização, porém não houve diferenças entre os grupos. O desempenho no TUG não foi influenciado pelas covariáveis idade, nível de atividade física e fragilidade, de modo que, o grupo frágil diferiu do grupo não frágil no tempo de realização do teste e número de passos. Com relação ao desempenho dos idosos no TUG-DT, a cognição e idade influenciaram no tempo de realização e número de passos, respectivamente, porém, não foram encontradas diferenças entre os grupos. Os resultados permitem concluir que o desempenho do TUG é influenciado pela presença da síndrome da fragilidade, idade e nível de atividade física e o desempenho do TUG-DT é influenciado pela idade e cognição.CNPq: 131468/2015-4

    Dual-task during gait between elderly with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer: systematic review

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    Abstract Introduction: Studies report that mobility changes could be present in early stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) or even in previous stages, such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The use of motor tests, involving dual task, could facilitate screening and differentiation between elderly with AD and MCI. Objective: to verify if gait tests associated with secondary tasks could differentiate elderly with AD and MCI. Methods: We conducted a systematic review in Pubmed, Web of Science, Medline and Scielo databases. Of the articles included, we collected information about year of the study, characteristics of the sample and the dual task test studied. Results: The databases were accessed during November 2014 and August 2015 and a total of 198 scientific papers was obtained. After reading first the summaries and then the full texts, five studies were inserted in the review. Elderly with AD presented a reduction of gait speed and stride length, using executive functions and countdown as secondary cognitive tasks. The type of MCI appears to influence the differentiation with AD. Conclusion: The review showed that some gait tests associated with a secondary task differentiate elderly with AD and MCI. It emphasizes the need of new studies involving this issue in order to obtain cut-off points and facilitate prevention, early diagnosis and observation of cognitive impairment’s evolution in clinical practice of elderly

    Perfil de idosos admitidos em serviço de fisioterapia frente à sazonalidade

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    Profile of elderly admitted to a physical therapy center as a function of seasonality ***AIMS: To analyze the profile and the prevalence of diseases in elderly patients admitted to a physical therapy center in a medium-sized Brazilian city located in a subtropical zone in two different seasons of the year.METHODS: A cross-sectional study assessed the medical records of patients treated during summer and winter months in 2011. Medical records of male and female elderly patients (aged over 60 years) were included, and those without information on present medical diagnosis were excluded. Age and sex and both current and previous diagnostic records were analyzed. The chi-square test was used for the comparative analysis of the profile of the elderly patients for both seasons.RESULTS: Seventy-one medical records were analyzed. The mean age was 69.2±8.1 years and 48 (70.4%) patients were female. There was a higher prevalence of trauma-orthopedic diseases (60.6%). The greatest number of admissions was in winter (62.0%). At the time of referral, there were 17 cases (63.0%) of trauma-orthopaedic diseases in summer and 26 (59.1%) in winter; 3 cases (11.1%) of rheumatologic diseases in summer and 10 (22.7%) in winter; 5 cases (18.5%) of neurologic disorders in summer and 4 (9.1%) in winter; and 2 cases (7.4%) of postoperative complications in summer and 4 (9.1%) in winter (p=0.64).CONCLUSIONS: There was a greater demand for referrals of elderly patients to the physical therapy center in winter than in summer, with a predominance of female patients in both seasons. The most prevalent causes of referral were related to trauma-orthopaedic diseases, but there was no significant difference in the frequency of diagnoses according to season. Knowledge about the profile of the elderly admitted to physical therapy centers is important for targeting actions at this age group, conducting information, prevention, and health promotion campaigns.Perfil de idosos admitidos em serviço de fisioterapia frente à sazonalidade***OBJETIVOS: Analisar o perfil e a prevalência de doenças em idosos admitidos em duas estações do ano distintas, em um serviço público de fisioterapia de um município de médio porte localizado em zona de clima subtropical de altitude.MÉTODOS: Um estudo transversal analisou prontuários de pacientes encaminhados nos meses que compreenderam o verão e o inverno de 2011. Foram incluídos os prontuários de idosos (acima de 60 anos de idade) de ambos os sexos e excluídos os prontuários sem informações sobre o diagnóstico médico atual. Foram coletadas as variáveis idade e sexo e os diagnósticos atuais e pregressos. Para análise comparativa quanto ao perfil dos idosos admitidos nos dois períodos do ano, utilizou-se o teste Qui-quadrado.RESULTADOS: Foram analisados dados de 71 idosos. A média de idade foi de 69,2±8,1 anos e 48 (70,4%) eram do sexo feminino. Os diagnósticos mais frequentes no momento do encaminhamento foram de doenças traumato-ortopédicas (60,6%). O maior número de admissões ocorreu durante o inverno (62,0%).  Os diagnósticos no momento do encaminhamento foram, respectivamente no verão e no inverno: traumato-ortopédicos 17 (63,0%) e 26 (59,1%); reumatológicos 3 (11,1%) e 10 (22,7%); neurológicos             5 (18,5%) e 4 (9,1%); pós-operatório 2 (7,4%) e 4 (9,1%) (p=0,64).CONCLUSÕES: No inverno ocorreu maior demanda de encaminhamentos de idosos ao serviço de fisioterapia em comparação ao verão, com predomínio de mulheres em ambas as estações do ano. As causas de encaminhamento mais prevalentes foram relacionadas à traumato-ortopedia, mas não houve diferença significativa na frequência dos diagnósticos conforme a estação do ano. O conhecimento sobre o perfil dos idosos admitidos em serviços de fisioterapia é importante para o planejamento de ações voltadas a essa faixa etária, com a realização de campanhas de informação, prevenção e promoção da saúde

    Respiração lenta e profunda aumenta a modulação vagal em gestantes

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    AIMS: To compare the responses of the heart rate autonomic modulation in pregnant and non-pregnant women before and after the respiratory sinus arrhythmia maneuver. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 24 women, divided into two groups: pregnant group (independent of gestational age) and control group (non-pregnant). The evaluation consisted of recording the RR intervals using a cardiofrequencimeter, for analysis of linear and nonlinear indices of heart rate variability. The evaluations were made at rest in left lateral decubitus, before and after the maneuver of accentuation of respiratory sinus arrhythmia, consisting of slow breaths five to six cycles per minute. The expiration/inspiration ratio and the difference between inspiration and expiration were evaluated during the maneuver. Results were compared between the two groups (pregnant and non-pregnant), as well as those obtained in each group before and after the maneuver. For the statistical analysis the level of significance considered was p<0.05. RESULTS: Linear indices showed increased baseline sympathetic modulation (low frequency band) in pregnant women when compared to non-pregnant women (pregnant women: 68.9±28.1; non pregnant women: 49.3±11.7; p=0,002). After the respiratory maneuver, the root mean square of successive differences in the RR intervals index increased in the pregnant group (pre-maneuver: 34.5±5.7; post-maneuver: 38.9±5.8; p=0,002) indicating an increase in the parasympathetic system for this population after the maneuver. In addition, there was an increase in the complexity values after the maneuver, suggested by the Shanon entropy for both groups, being the increase higher in the pregnant women. Regarding the indices evaluated during the respiratory sinus arrhythmia maneuver, both groups presented expiration/inspiration ratio values greater than 1, which suggests integrity of the autonomic nervous system. CONCLUSIONS: There was an improvement in the regulation of the autonomic nervous system after the respiratory maneuver for pregnant women, suggesting that the slow and deep breathing pattern may increase vagal modulation and confer a cardioprotective effect, besides causing relaxation and a sense of well-being.OBJETIVOS: Comparar a resposta da modulação autonômica da frequência cardíaca de gestantes e mulheres não gestantes, antes e após a manobra de acentuação da arritmia sinusal respiratória. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo transversal com amostra de 24 mulheres, divididas em dois grupos: grupo gestantes (independente da idade gestacional) e grupo controle (não gestantes). A avaliação consistiu em registro dos intervalos RR por um cardiofrequencímetro, para análise de índices lineares e não lineares da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca. As avaliações foram feitas no repouso em decúbito lateral esquerdo, antes e após a manobra de acentuação da arritmia sinusal respiratória, que consiste em respirações lentas de cinco a seis ciclos por minuto. A razão expiração/inspiração e a diferença entre a inspiração e a expiração foram avaliadas durante a manobra. Foram comparados os resultados obtidos entre os dois grupos (gestantes e não gestantes), assim como os obtidos em cada grupo, antes e após a manobra. Para a análise estatística o nível de significância considerado foi p<0,05. RESULTADOS: Os índices lineares mostraram valores iniciais da modulação simpática (banda de baixa frequência) aumentados nas gestantes quando comparadas às mulheres não gestantes (gestantes: 68,9±28,1; controles: 49,3±11,7; p=0,002). Após a manobra respiratória, o índice obtido pela raiz quadrada da média do quadrado das diferenças entre os intervalos RR normais adjacentes aumentou no grupo gestantes (pré- manobra: 34,5±5,7; pós-manobra: 38,9±5,8; p=0,027), indicando aumento da atuação parassimpática para essa população após a aplicação da manobra. Além disso, houve aumento dos valores de complexidade, sugeridos pela entropia de Shanon após a manobra, para ambos os grupos, sendo o aumento maior nas gestantes. Em relação aos índices avaliados durante a manobra, ambos os grupos apresentaram valores da razão expiração/inspiração maiores que 1, o que sugere integridade do sistema nervoso autônomo. CONCLUSÕES: Houve melhora da regulação do sistema nervoso autônomo ao final da manobra respiratória para as gestantes, sugerindo que o padrão de respiração lenta e profunda possa aumentar a modulação vagal e conferir efeito cardioprotetor, além de ocasionar relaxamento e sensação de bem-estar

    Perfil de idosos admitidos em serviço de fisioterapia frente à sazonalidade = Profile of elderly admitted to a physical therapy center as a function of seasonality

    No full text
    OBJETIVOS: Analisar o perfil e a prevalência de doenças em idosos admitidos em duas estações do ano distintas, em um serviço público de fisioterapia de um município de médio porte localizado em zona de clima subtropical de altitude. MÉTODOS: Um estudo transversal analisou prontuários de pacientes encaminhados nos meses que compreenderam o verão e o inverno de 2011. Foram incluídos os prontuários de idosos (acima de 60 anos de idade) de ambos os sexos e excluídos os prontuários sem informações sobre o diagnóstico médico atual. Foram coletadas as variáveis idade e sexo e os diagnósticos atuais e pregressos. Para análise comparativa quanto ao perfil dos idosos admitidos nos dois períodos do ano, utilizou-se o teste Qui-quadrado. RESULTADOS: Foram analisados dados de 71 idosos. A média de idade foi de 69,2±8,1 anos e 48 (70,4%) eram do sexo feminino. Os diagnósticos mais frequentes no momento do encaminhamento foram de doenças traumato-ortopédicas (60,6%). O maior número de admissões ocorreu durante o inverno (62,0%). Os diagnósticos no momento do encaminhamento foram, respectivamente no verão e no inverno: traumatoortopédicos 17 (63,0%) e 26 (59,1%); reumatológicos 3 (11,1%) e 10 (22,7%); neurológicos 5 (18,5%) e 4 (9,1%); pós-operatório 2 (7,4%) e 4 (9,1%) (p=0,64). CONCLUSÕES: No inverno ocorreu maior demanda de encaminhamentos de idosos ao serviço de fisioterapia em comparação ao verão, com predomínio de mulheres em ambas as estações do ano. As causas de encaminhamento mais prevalentes foram relacionadas à traumatoortopedia, mas não houve diferença significativa na frequência dos diagnósticos conforme a estação do ano. O conhecimento sobre o perfil dos idosos admitidos em serviços de fisioterapia é importante para o planejamento de ações voltadas a essa faixa etária, com a realização de campanhas de informação, prevenção e promoção da saúd

    Dual-task during gait between elderly with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer: systematic review

    No full text
    <div><p>Abstract Introduction: Studies report that mobility changes could be present in early stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) or even in previous stages, such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The use of motor tests, involving dual task, could facilitate screening and differentiation between elderly with AD and MCI. Objective: to verify if gait tests associated with secondary tasks could differentiate elderly with AD and MCI. Methods: We conducted a systematic review in Pubmed, Web of Science, Medline and Scielo databases. Of the articles included, we collected information about year of the study, characteristics of the sample and the dual task test studied. Results: The databases were accessed during November 2014 and August 2015 and a total of 198 scientific papers was obtained. After reading first the summaries and then the full texts, five studies were inserted in the review. Elderly with AD presented a reduction of gait speed and stride length, using executive functions and countdown as secondary cognitive tasks. The type of MCI appears to influence the differentiation with AD. Conclusion: The review showed that some gait tests associated with a secondary task differentiate elderly with AD and MCI. It emphasizes the need of new studies involving this issue in order to obtain cut-off points and facilitate prevention, early diagnosis and observation of cognitive impairment’s evolution in clinical practice of elderly.</p></div

    Impact of a dual task intervention on physical performance of older adults who practice physical exercise

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    Physical exercises, especially multicomponent training, can improve cognitive functions and physical impairments in older adults. The aim this study was to purpose of this two-arm clinical trial was to investigate the effects of the addition of a dual task to multicomponent training on physical performances of community-dwelling older adults who practice physical exercise. Seventy-one older adults were divided into a control group (CG) and intervention group (IG). Participants of the CG performed isolated multicomponent training, participants of the IG performed multicomponent training associated with cognitive tasks and both protocols lasted 12 weeks. The assessment consisted of flexibility, handgrip strength, lower limb strength, balance, functional mobility and aerobic capacity. The CG presented greater flexibility than the IG, regardless of time. There was a worse performance in lower limb strength, regardless of group. The addition of a dual task to the multicomponent training was not able to improve physical performances of older adults. Further studies are needed to confirm whether the dual task training contributes to both cognitive and physical benefits in older adults who practice physical exercise

    A Case Management Program at Home to Reduce Fall Risk in Older Adults (the MAGIC Study): Protocol for a Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

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    BackgroundIndividual case management programs may be particularly effective in reducing fall risk as they can better identify barriers and facilitators to health recommendations. ObjectiveThis paper describes the protocol for a single-blind, parallel-group randomized controlled trial that aims to investigate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a home-based multifactorial program targeting fall risk factors among people aged 60 years and over who have fallen at least twice in the past 12 months (the MAGIC trial). MethodsOlder people with a history of at least 2 falls in the last year will be divided into 2 groups. The intervention group will receive case management at home for reducing the risk of falls, including a multidimensional assessment, explanation of fall risk factors, and elaboration and monitoring of an individualized intervention plan based on the identified fall risk factors, personal preferences, and available resources. The control group will be monitored once a month. Assessments (clinical data, fall risk awareness, physical and mental factors, safety at home, feet and shoes, and risk and rate of falls) will be carried out at baseline, after 16 weeks of the intervention, and at the posttrial 6-week and 1-year follow-up. After 16 weeks of the intervention, satisfaction and adherence to the intervention will also be assessed. Economic health will be evaluated for the period up to the posttrial 1-year follow-up. ResultsData collection started in April 2021, and we expected to end recruitment in December 2021. This case management program will address multifactorial assessments using validated tools and the implementation of individualized intervention plans focused on reducing fall risk factors. ConclusionsThis trial may provide reliable and valuable information about the effectiveness of case management for increasing fall risk awareness and reducing fall risk in older people. Trial RegistrationBrazilian Clinical Trials Registry (ReBec) RBR-3t85fd; https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-3t85fd International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)DERR1-10.2196/3479
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