The influence of body posture parameters on selected parameters of the dynamic foot analysis

Introduction and purpose of work. The correct body posture and its evaluation in children of all ages is of great importance. Special attention should be paid to two critical periods, when the posture may deteriorate significantly. Monitoring the body posture makes it possible to detect any abnormalities at an early stage that may subsequently lead to other health problems. The aim of the paper was to analize the connections between the body posture parameters and the selected parameters of the dynamic foot examination. Material and methods. 106 children at the age of 10-15 years old from schools located in the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship took part in the study. The posture of children assessed with the use of the Diers system is analyzed using a three-dimensional light-optical system. The next stage of the research was to conduct the dynamic foot analysis on the FreeMed platform. Results. No dependence between the majority of the studied body posture parameters and the parameters of the dynamic analysis was found. A statistically significant dependence was observed between: the right foot surface and the pelvic tilt, the right foot surface and the rotation surface, the number of steps per minute and the pelvic tilt, the contact time of the right foot surface and the pelvic tilt. When the pelvic tilt was standard, the authors observed a smaller surface while loading the right foot, a greater number of steps, and a shorter right foot contact time. The standard surface rotation affected the larger foot surface in the dynamic analysis. Conclusion. The study needs to be continued and extended in order to verify if there are any dependencies between the body posture parameters and the selected parameters of the dynamic analysis of the foot and gait pressure in children

The feet construction of 9-year-old children

Introduction and purpose of the work, The human foot it is a very complex structure of the body, as it contains 26 bones, 19 muscles and 33 joints. Because of the cooperation all of those elements, the foot could fulfillthree basic functions such as load, amortization and locomotive functions. The aim of this research was to evaluate the feet construction in 9-year-old children from Masłów and Górno District. Material and method, The study involved 168 9-year-old children. There were 89 (53%) and boys 79 (47%) in the study group. The study was conducted in 2015/2016. The children were examined in schools after prior permission given by principals and parents or legal guardians. The body weight of the children was measured using the Tanita device and the body height was measured with the use of SECA. Then, the BMI index was calculated and compared to Centil grid presented in Olaf study. The plantar part of the foot was evaluated by 2D podoscanner. The relationship between the chosen parameters, sex and BMI was calculated. To examine the relationships, the author took advantage of nonparametric tests - Spearman’s rank correlation analysis, Manna-Whitneya-Wilcoxona test and χ2 test. When the level of statistical significance equaled

Non-pharmacological treatment in high blood pressure

Introduction and purpose of the work. High blood pressure causes an early death of people all over the world. It develops circulatory system diseases such as: heart attack, stroke, heart failure, peripheral artery disease, and also kidney failures. The following factors could have an influence on high blood pressure: age, sex, physical activity, stress, force contracting the heart, circulated blood, and resistance of blood vessels. The purpose of the study was to analyze the literature of non-pharmacological treatment of high blood pressure. Brief description of the state of the art. Non-pharmacological treatment consists mainly in changing the lifestyle, i.e. quitting smoking, reducing the weight, decreasing alcohol consumption, reducing salt consumption, increasing physical activity level, consuming fruit and vegetables, decreasing consumption of saturated fat and the total fat intake. Summary (conclusions). Non-pharmacological treatment should be abided by each patient with high blood pressure. That kind of non-pharmacological treatment brings a lot of advantages, such as decreased blood pressure, better clinical observations and decreased therapeutic dose of hypertensive drugs

The analysis of feet construction versus BMI in 8-year-old boys

Introduction.  The foot due to its complex structure provides three basic functions: supportive, locomotive and amortization. The human foot is an important static-dynamic part of the motor system. A properly shaped foot should be supported by three points: the first and the fifth metatarsal bone and the external part of the heel.Purpose of research. The aim of the study was to analyze the feet construction and find the relationships between the foot structure parameters and BMI among 8-year-old boys.Material and methods. The study involved 85 boys. The weight and the body height of the children were measured, body mass index was calculated, and the footprint using the was made. On the basis of the foot picture, the basic parameters for foot assessment as well as relations between these indicators and BMI were calculated. Subsequently, the Clarke angle, the hallux valgus angle and Wejsflog index were determined in manual way. Then the dependency between these parameters and BMI was investigated.Results. The number of lower foot arch or flat foot in the study group amounted to 53%, the transverse flat foot was observed among 17% of the studied boys feet and the hallux valgus angle beyond the norm occurred in 9% of the studied feet. There is a relationship between the Clark’s angle, Wejsflog index, hallux valgus angle α and BMI of boys.Conclusions. Boys with a higher BMI have lower values of the Clark angle and the Wejsflog index which are the evidence of a lower longitudinal and transverse arch. Children with higher BMI have higher values of the angle of hallux valgus

An analysis of longitudinal and transverse arches of children from świętokrzyskie voivodship

Introduction and purpose of the work. Sedentary lifestyle being promoted at present is negatively affecting health and physical fitness of young people. Flat feet is a defect of lower limbs which consists in lowering arches shaping feet. The foot, under normal conditions, rests with three points on the ground: a calcaneal tuber, the head of the first and fifth metatarsals. The purpose of the work was to evaluate longitudinal and transverse arches of children from świętokrzyskie voivodship. Material and methods. The study involved 184 children from świętokrzyskie voivodship. The majority of the respondents were female – 100, whereas the male respondents - 84 people. The MS Excel program and the statistical program R.3.3.1 were applied therefor. The Clarke’s angle index and the Wejsflog index were was used to assess the foot arch. The relationships between these parameters and gender, age, and BMI were investigated as well. Results. As a result of the conducted studies, the correct structure of both feet was found in 51% of the examined children. Flat feet of both feet was found in 4 children, whereas 34 children demonstrated a reduced arch of both feet. The problem of a reduced arch in one foot concerned 48 children, while 5 children had one foot with an elevated arch. Conclusions. Children with higher BMI index tend to have a decreased feet arch. With age, the Clarke's angle values decrease

Physical therapy treatment in chronic wounds – the high voltage stimulation and the magnetotherapy

Introduction and purpose of the work. Wounds which last in the human body longer than 4-8 weeks are regarded as chronic wounds. Healing process in those wounds does not take place. Medical staff of different specialties should be involved to ensure proper efficiency of the wound healing process. The purpose of the study was to analyze the literature of using physical therapy such as the high voltage therapy, the magnethotherapy and the magnetostimulation in the chronic wound healing process. Brief description of the state of the art. The High Voltage Stimulation is used not only for pain treatment but also in different kinds of wounds. The unipolar or dipolar set is applied, and one or two electrical circuits could be used. Under the active electrode, the primer soaked in physiological saline is used and placed on the wound (the size of the primer is matched to the size of the wound). If the dipolar set is used, electrodes are fixed in opposite parts of the wound. The stimulation is induced with current which does not invoke any movement. The magnetotherapy is a kind of physical therapy which uses the magnetic fields of 1-to 10-20 mT and the frequency under 100 Hz. In the magnetostimulation, the magnetic induction amounts from 1 pT to 100 mT, the frequency from 1 to 1000 Hz. Summary (conclusions). All clinical studies showed that different kinds of physical therapy such as the magnetostimulation, the magnetotherapy, and the high voltage therapy accelerate the process of wound healing. Unfortunately, the application of physical therapy in order to improve the wound healing process is still limited

Evaluation of beliefs about pain control in patients after physicaltherapy treatment

Background and aim of study. Pain is probably the most often feeling in life, mostly it is not comfortable for people and they cannot work because of it. It is not only the symptom but the disease too. People often do not know the reason for the disease and cannot remove it from life. The purpose of the research was the evaluation of pain control and whether and how much the physiotherapy treatment influence on reducing the pain on patients. Material and methods. The study was conducted among 52 patients with pain.  Evaluation of the pain was examined by pain questionnaire and BPCQ questionnaire. Intensity of the pain was evaluate by VAS scale.Results: All patients after the treatment have reduced the intensity of pain. There is no correlation between  internal control measured by BPCQ and reduction of the pain. There is a correlation between influence of the doctors and chance events on pain and pain reduction. Conclusions: Physiotherapy treatment reduced intensity of the pain. If there is higher influence of doctors and chance events on the pain then reduction of the pain is higher too. There is no correlations between internal control and reduction of the pain after the treatment

Evaluation of nutritional status among children aged 7-10

Introduction and aim of the study. The prevalence of overweight and obesity among the children and adolescents is particularly dangerous, in 60% of children and adolescents, this problem will occur in adulthood, and also increases the risk of diseases such as: type 2 diabetes, hiprelipidemia, hypertension, or emotional disturbances. The aim of the study was evaluation of nutritional status among children aged 7-10 years old from Masłów and Górno District measured by BMI index.Material and methodsThe research was conducted in 2015 and 2016among the group of 486 primary school children aged 7-10 from Masłów and Górno District. The child body mass was studied on the Tanita weight,  for body height was  used the Seca measure system. Based on the results BMI was calculated. In relation to BMI centile charts, based on Olaf’s and Ola’s study, determined whether the child was obese, overweight or underweight.Results. The level of somatic development for the whole group in the study, taking into account the results averaged, is within normal limits. Children who are overweight in the examined  group was 14.81%, and obesity occurred in 1.02%. Overweight and obesity more often concerned examined boys, overweight - 17,36%, obesity - 1.65%. Among girls overweight was determined in 12,03% of children while obesity - 0,41%.Conclusion. Most of the girls examined were overweight among 9-year-olds, while the problem in boys usually appeared in 10-year-olds. Obesity was present in 7-year-old girls and 8-year-old boys. There is no statistically significant dependence between categories of BMI - overweight and obesity, underweight andthe norm, and also age. BMI increases with age, so it is reasonable to use centile charts for different age groups of children. Education on nutrition and physical activity among both parents and children is needed

The evaluation of the influence of the body mass index on body posture parameters and selected parameters of the dynamic feet analysis

Introduction and purpose. The proper process of body shaping in children is extremally important in preventing present and future pain complaints. According to the source literature, a proper body weight is one of the most important factors in children which have an influence on body shaping . The aim of the study was to evaluate the correlations between the body mass index and body posture parameters as well as selected parameters of the dynamic feet analysis. Material and method. The study involved 106 children aged 10‒15 years old from the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. While undergoing the examination, the children were dressed in sportswear and had no shoes. The body height was measured using the SECA 213 stadiometer with an accuracy of 0.01 m, the body weight with the Tanita device with an accuracy of 0.01 kg. The next stage involved the assessment of the body posture using Diers Formetric 4D system. Then the child had to walk several times on FreeMed platform. Results. The dependencies of selected parameters of the dynamic feet analysis from the BMI of the examined children were assessed using Spearmann's correlation. All examined correlations were statistically significant. The dependencies between body posture parameters assessed using Diers Formetric 4D and the BMI of the examined children were assessed by Spearmann's correlation. A statistically significant negative correlation were observed only between the pelvic torsion and the body mass index. Conclusions. The majority of parameters of the dynamic feet analysis evaluated in the paper increase with the increase of the body mass index of the examined children. Only the parameter, namely the number of steps per minute decreases when the BMI of the examined children grows. Higher values of the body mass index in children were observed when the pelvic torsion to the left was assessed. The BMI of the examined children did not affect the remaining parameters assessing the body posture

Physical activity and its importance for the health of elderly

Introduction and aim of the study. World society is aging. In Poland, in 2015 the proportion of older people is almost 23%, and the world is 12%. Forecasts show that by 2050 this proportion will reach 32.7%, the world 22%, and 1 in 5 people will be 60+. The purpose of the study was to analyze the literature of physical activity and its benefits to elderly people’ health. Actual knowledge. The health condition worsens with age, the number of long-term health problems and chronic diseases rising with age. These problems are mainly related to cardiological problems, joint problem and diabetes. The World Health Organization has pointed out that physical activity has measurable effects on the health of the elderly. Summary.From the available literature, there is clearly a positive effect of physical activity on the health of people in the third period of life. Physical activity started in any age will have beneficial health effects associated with improved functional status, improved quality of life and mood