Contrôle hydrodynamique de l'avalaison des œufs et des larves de poulamon atlantique

Les poulamons de la rivière Sainte-Anne frayent dans un secteur de rapides, situé à environ 7 km de la confluence avec le fleuve Saint-Laurent, et probablement aussi dans un secteur d'accumulation de frasil généré par ces rapides. Les variations interannuelles dans la dérive des œufs et des larves de poulamon, à différentes stations dans la rivière, sont reliées aux conditions annuelles de température de l'air et de débit. Des températures et débits bas et stables ont causé la rétention des œufs et des larves dans la partie amont du secteur d'étude (1980–1981, 1981–1982); les températures et débits plus élevés et variables ont causé une dérive régulière au fleuve Saint-Laurent de janvier à avril (1982–1983). En 1980–1981, une hausse soudaine de la température et du débit a causé une avalaison massive des œufs au Saint-Laurent durant la seconde moitié de février. Des œufs de poulamon sont retenus et incubés dans le frasil, qui s'accumule en un barrage suspendu pouvant s'étendre, selon les années, sur plus de 3 km de rivière. Peu de temps après la fraye, la densité moyenne d'œufs par 2 l de ce substrat, sur l'ensemble du barrage suspendu, atteignait 228 en 1981 (19 janvier), 235 en 1982 (6 février), et 54 en 1983 (15 février). Les variations interannuelles dans la distribution spatiotemporelle des œufs dans le frasil concordent avec celles suggérées par les résultats de la dérive

Communication et sentiment d'appartenance

Les sciences de l'information et de la communication sont jeunes et encore mal définies. Peut-être, tout simplement, n'existent-elles pas. L'information et la communication, on sait ce que c'est. Il y a là un champ de recherche, un domaine d'activités et de pratiques. Ce champ peut être approché de multiples façons. Il existe un droit, une économie, une géographie, une histoire, une linguistique, une psychologie, une sémiologie, une sociologie de la communication. Nous ne prétendons pas relancer ce débat miné. L'existence, incontestée, du champ nous suffit. Donc, il existe des formes différentes de l'information et de la communication et des recherches, aux approches diverses, sur ces formes différentes. Et des revues spécialisées. Sauf quand il s'agit de ce qu'il est convenu d'appeler communication des organisations en Europe et communication organisationnelle de l'autre côté de l'Atlantique. Les études en langue française consacrées à la communication des organisations se lisent dans des revues de management ou de gestion, ou dans d'autres encore. Mais elles n'ont pas de lieu d'expression spécifique. Voilà pourquoi le Groupe de Recherche en Communication des Organisations (GREC/O) de l'Université Michel de Montaigne-Bordeaux 3 a pris l'initiative de cette publication qui répond à un besoin et à une demande

Long-term outcomes of endoscopic vs surgical drainage of the pancreatic duct in patients with chronic pancreatitis

A randomized trial that compared endoscopic and surgical drainage of the pancreatic duct in patients with advanced chronic pancreatitis reported a significant benefit of surgery after a 2-year follow-up period. We evaluated the long-term outcome of these patients after 5 years. Between 2000 and 2004, 39 symptomatic patients were randomly assigned to groups that underwent endoscopic drainage or operative pancreaticojejunostomy. In 2009, information was collected regarding pain, quality of life, morbidity, mortality, length of hospital stay, number of procedures undergone, changes in pancreatic function, and costs. Analysis was performed according to an intention-to-treat principle. During the 79-month follow-up period, one patient was lost and 7 died from unrelated causes. Of the patients treated by endoscopy, 68% required additional drainage compared with 5% in the surgery group (P = .001). Hospital stay and costs were comparable, but overall, patients assigned to endoscopy underwent more procedures (median, 12 vs 4; P = .001). Moreover, 47% of the patients in the endoscopy group eventually underwent surgery. Although the mean difference in Izbicki pain scores was no longer significant (39 vs 22; P = .12), surgery was still superior in terms of pain relief (80% vs 38%; P = .042). Levels of quality of life and pancreatic function were comparable. In the long term, symptomatic patients with advanced chronic pancreatitis who underwent surgery as the initial treatment for pancreatic duct obstruction had more relief from pain, with fewer procedures, than patients who were treated endoscopically. Importantly, almost half of the patients who were treated with endoscopy eventually underwent surger

Canadian hereditary angioedema guideline

Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a disease which is associated with random and often unpredictable attacks of painful swelling typically affecting the extremities, bowel mucosa, genitals, face and upper airway. Attacks are associated with significant functional impairment, decreased Health Related Quality of Life, and mortality in the case of laryngeal attacks. Caring for patients with HAE can be challenging due to the complexity of this disease. The care of patients with HAE in Canada is neither optimal nor uniform across the country. It lags behind other countries where there are more organized models for HAE management, and where additional therapeutic options are licensed and available for use. The objective of this guideline is to provide graded recommendations for the management of patients in Canada with HAE. This includes the treatment of attacks, short-term prophylaxis, long-term prophylaxis, and recommendations for self-administration, individualized therapy, quality of life, and comprehensive care. It is anticipated that by providing this guideline to caregivers, policy makers, patients and their advocates, that there will be an improved understanding of the current recommendations regarding management of HAE and the factors that need to be considered when choosing therapies and treatment plans for individual patients. The primary target users of this guideline are healthcare providers who are managing patients with HAE. Other healthcare providers who may use this guideline are emergency physicians, gastroenterologists, dentists and otolaryngologists, who will encounter patients with HAE and need to be aware of this condition. Hospital administrators, insurers and policy makers may also find this guideline helpful

Canadian hereditary angioedema guideline

Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a disease which is associated with random and often unpredictable attacks of painful swelling typically affecting the extremities, bowel mucosa, genitals, face and upper airway. Attacks are associated with significant functional impairment, decreased Health Related Quality of Life, and mortality in the case of laryngeal attacks. Caring for patients with HAE can be challenging due to the complexity of this disease. The care of patients with HAE in Canada is neither optimal nor uniform across the country. It lags behind other countries where there are more organized models for HAE management, and where additional therapeutic options are licensed and available for use. The objective of this guideline is to provide graded recommendations for the management of patients in Canada with HAE. This includes the treatment of attacks, short-term prophylaxis, long-term prophylaxis, and recommendations for self-administration, individualized therapy, quality of life, and comprehensive care. It is anticipated that by providing this guideline to caregivers, policy makers, patients and their advocates, that there will be an improved understanding of the current recommendations regarding management of HAE and the factors that need to be considered when choosing therapies and treatment plans for individual patients. The primary target users of this guideline are healthcare providers who are managing patients with HAE. Other healthcare providers who may use this guideline are emergency physicians, gastroenterologists, dentists and otolaryngologists, who will encounter patients with HAE and need to be aware of this condition. Hospital administrators, insurers and policy makers may also find this guideline helpful.Medicine, Department ofMedicine, Faculty ofNon UBCReviewedFacult