SOCIAL MEDIA REVOLUTION: TIKTOK'S IMPACT ON ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING

Pandemi COVID-19 telah berdampak signifikan pada pendidikan, termasuk di Indonesia, di mana sekolah dan universitas ditutup untuk memastikan keselamatan. Seiring dengan munculnya pembelajaran online sebagai mode utama pendidikan, pentingnya kemampuan berbahasa Inggris di era "new normal" menjadi jelas. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi peluang penggunaan TikTok, platform media sosial populer, sebagai alat pembelajaran bahasa Inggris secara online bagi siswa SMA di Indonesia. Desain penelitian perpustakaan digunakan untuk mengumpulkan dan menganalisis literatur yang ada tentang subjek ini. Temuan menyoroti konsep pembelajaran online, peran media sosial, dan peluang serta tantangan dalam menggunakan TikTok untuk pembelajaran bahasa Inggris. Makalah ini menyimpulkan dengan menekankan potensi TikTok sebagai sumber berharga untuk pembelajaran bahasa dan mendorong penelitian lebih lanjut di bidang ini

Kerusakan Lima Varietas Padi Akibat Serangan Hama Penggerek Batang di Desa Savanajaya, Kecamatan Waeapo, Kabupaten Buru

 One of the obstacles in efforts to increase rice productivity is the damage caused by the attack of the rice stem borer. Annual yield loss caused this insect pests is quite high, reaching 10-30%. The attack of stem borer has long been encountered and is a problem in rice producing areas on Buru Island, such as in Savanajaya Village. This study aimed to obtain data on the types of pests, population levels and the intensity of damage in five rice varieties due to stem borer attact and to determine the varieties that had the lowest population and damage intensity in the Saavanajaya Village, Waeapo District, Buru Regency. The method used was a survey method that focused on five varieties of rice cultivated by farmers, to obtain population data and the intensity of damage. The results showed that the type of pest that attacked the five rice varieties of IR-64 variety in Savanajaya Village was the white rice stem borer (Scirpophaga innotata), with the highest larval population (per cluster) of 1.27 individuals and the intensity of damage 5.20%, followed by Cigeulis variety with a larval population of 1.17 individuals and damage intensity of 4.70%, the Ciherang variety with a larval population of 1.07 individuals and damage intensity of was 4.25%, the Mekongan variety with a larval population of 1.1 individuals and damage intensity of 4.15%, and the lowest was the Membramo variety with a larval population of 1.03 larvae and damage intensity of 4.12%. The damage intensity of at the study site, although different between varieties, could all be classified into the category of mild attack. Keywords: damage intensity, rice varieties, Savanajaya, stem borer   ABSTRAK Salah satu kendala dalam upaya peningkatan produktivitas padi adalah kerusakan yang disebabkan oleh serangan penggerek batang padi. Kehilangan hasil setiap tahun yang disebabkan oleh serangga hama ini padi cukup tinggi, bisa mencapai 10-30%. Serangan hama penggerek batang telah lama ditemui dan menjadi masalah di daerah produsen padi di Pulau Buru, seperti di Desa Savanajaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data jenis hama, jumlah populasi serta intensitas kerusakan pada lima varietas padi akibat serangan hama penggerek batang serta menentukan varietas yang memiliki populasi dan intensitas kerusakan terendah di Desa Savanajaya, Kecamatan Waeapo, Kabupaten Buru. Metode yang digunakan adalah survey yang difokuskan pada lima varietas padi yang diusahakan petani, untuk mendapatkan data populasi dan ntensitas kerusakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis hama yang menyerang lima varietas padi varietas IR-64 di Desa Savanajaya adalah penggerek batang padi putih (Scirpophaga innotata), dengan populasi larva (per rumpun) tertinggi 1,27 ekor dan intensitas kerusakan 5.20%, diikuti oleh varietas Cigeulis dengan populasi larva 1,17 ekor dan internsitas kerusakan 4.70%, varietas Ciherang dengan populasi larva 1.07 ekor dan intensitas kerusakan 4.25%, varietas Mekongan dengan populasi larva 1.1 ekor dan intensitas kerusakan 4.15 %, dan yang terendah varietas Membramo dengan populasi larva 1.03 ekor dan intensitas kerusakan 4.12%. Intensitas kerusakan di lokasi penelitian, walaupun berbeda antar varietas tetapi semuanya dapat diklasifilasikan ke dalam kategori serangan ringan. Kata kunci: intensitas kerusakan, penggerek batang, Savanajaya, varietas padi

Notes on Operations: One Title, Hundreds of Volumes, Thousands of Documents: Collaborating to Describe the Congressional Serial Set

As part of its participation in the Google Books government documents scanning project, the Purdue University Libraries agreed to contribute volumes of the Congressional Serial Set (CSS). Realizing that the results would be far more useful if the individual documents within this title were cataloged separately, librarians developed procedures to create brief records and began cataloging CSS documents from the 1890s. The University of Iowa became a partner in this collaborative pilot project, and its cataloging staff used the Purdue template and procedures to create records from the CSS for individual documents from two years in the 1890s. Purdue staff used those records to barcode their own corresponding CSS documents before sending those volumes to Google for scanning. Staff subsequently loaded the records into WorldCat to improve discoverability for scholars. The result of the collaborative cataloging effort was the ability to prepare CSS volumes for scanning quickly and efficiently

Fluctuating magnetic moments in liquid metals

We re-analyze literature data on neutron scattering by liquid metals to show that non-magnetic liquid metals possess a magnetic moment that fluctuates on a picosecond time scale. This time scale follows the motion of the cage-diffusion process in which an ion rattles around in the cage formed by its neighbors. We find that these fluctuating magnetic moments are present in liquid Hg, Al, Ga and Pb, and possibly also in the alkali metals.Comment: 17 pages, 5 figures, submitted to PR

Pretreatment with a 55-kDa Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Immunoglobulin Fusion Protein Attenuates Activation of Coagulation, but not of Fibrinolysis, during Lethal Bacteremia in Baboons

Baboons (Papio anubis) receiving a lethal intravenous infusion with live Escherichia coli were pretreated with either a 55-kDa tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-IgG fusion protein (TNFR55:IgG) (n = 4, 4.6 mg/kg) or placebo (n = 4). Neutralization of TNF activity in TNFR55:IgG-treated animals was associated with a complete prevention of mortality and a strong attenuation of coagulation activation as reflected by the plasma concentrations of thrombin-antithrombin III complexes (P < .05). Activation of fibrinolysis was not influenced by TNFR55:IgG (plasma tissue-type plasminogen activator and plasmin-a2-antiplasmin complexes), whereas TNFR55:IgG did inhibit the release of plasminogen activator inhibitor type I (P < .05). Furthermore, TNFR55:IgG inhibited neutrophil degranulation (plasma levels of elastase-α1-antitrypsin complexes, P < .05) and modestly reduced release of secretory phospholipase A2. These data suggest that endogenous TNF contributes to activation of coagulation, but not to stimulation of fibrinolysis, during severe bacteremi

The role of air plethysmography in the diagnosis of chronic venous insufficiency

AbstractPurpose: The role of air plethysmography (APG) in the diagnosis of venous disease is not well defined. We conducted this study to investigate the value of APG in the diagnosis of chronic venous insufficiency and to determine its correlation with the clinical severity of disease and the anatomic distribution of reflux. Methods: We studied 186 lower extremities with duplex scanning and venography and measured the venous volume, venous filling index (VFI), ejection fraction, and residual volume fraction with APG. Limbs were categorized according to the Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery classification of clinical severity of disease and according to the anatomic distribution of valvular incompetence. Results: Sixty-one limbs had no evidence of disease (class 0), 60 limbs had mild disease (classes 1, 2, and 3), and 65 limbs had severe disease (classes 4, 5, and 6). According to the results of duplex scanning and venography, there was no evidence of reflux in 56 limbs. Isolated superficial venous reflux occurred in 52 limbs, and perforator reflux, alone or in conjunction with superficial reflux, occurred in 30. Deep reflux, with or without superficial reflux, was found in 25 limbs. Deep and perforator reflux, with or without superficial reflux, was found in 19 limbs. The VFI had a sensitivity of 80% and 99% positive predictive value for any type of reflux. The VFI was significantly different between groups of limbs with different clinical severities of disease or different types of reflux. The incidence of deep or perforator reflux in limbs with a normal VFI value was 7%, and it was 82% in limbs with a VFI of more than 5. Among 86 limbs with VFI values not corrected with use of a thigh tourniquet, 28% did not have evidence of deep or perforator reflux, and among 15 limbs with VFI values corrected with the use of a tourniquet, 33% had perforator reflux, deep reflux, or both. All APG parameters had low positive predictive values for severe disease or ulceration. The ejection fraction and residual volume fraction did not influence the clinical severity of disease, did not discriminate between types of reflux, and in combination with the VFI did not improve the predictive value of APG. Conclusions: The VFI measured by APG is an excellent predictor of venous reflux, provides an estimate of the clinical severity of disease, and at high levels predicts deep reflux, perforator reflux, or both. Correction of an abnormal VFI with a thigh tourniquet is an unreliable predictor of the absence of deep or perforator incompetence. The predictive value of APG for severe disease or ulceration is poor. The ejection fraction and residual volume fraction, individually or in combination with the VFI, add little to the diagnostic value of APG, and their routine performance may not be clinically justified. (J Vasc Surg 1998;27:660-70.

Recurrence of chronic venous ulcers on the basis of clinical, etiologic, anatomic, and pathophysiologic criteria and air plethysmography

AbstractIntroduction: Leg ulcers associated with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) frequently recur after healing. The risk of recurrence has not been well defined for patients in different anatomic and hemodynamic groups. We reviewed the risk of ulcer recurrence on the basis of clinical, etiologic, anatomic, and pathophysiologic criteria and hemodynamic characteristics of the affected limb as assessed with air plethysmography (APG). Methods: Ninety-nine limbs with class 6 CVI were assessed clinically and with standing duplex ultrasound scanning and APG for the definition of clinical, etiologic, anatomic, and pathophysiologic criteria. Leg ulcers were treated with high-pressure compression protocols. Surgical correction of venous abnormalities was offered to patients with appropriate conditions. After ulcer healing, the limbs were placed in compressive garments and followed at 6-month intervals for ulcer recurrence. Results: The mean patient age was 54.3 years, and 46% of the patients were female. Corrective venous surgery was performed in 37 limbs. The mean follow-up time for all 99 limbs was 28 months. The ulcer recurrence rate with life table was 37% ± 6% at 3 years and 48% ± 10% at 5 years. The patients who underwent venous surgery had a significantly lower recurrence rate (27% ± 9% at 48 months) than did those patients who had not undergone surgery (67% ± 8% at 48 months; P =.005). The patients with deep venous insufficiency (DVI; n=51) had significantly higher recurrence rates (66% ± 8% at 48 months) than did the patients without DVI (n = 48; 29% ± 9% at 48 months; P =.006). This difference was significant even after accounting for the effects of surgery (P =.03).The hazard ratio of ulcer recurrence increases by 14% for every unit increase in the venous filling index (VFI; P =.001). This remains significant even after accounting for the effects of surgery (P =.001). The combination of DVI and a VFI of more than 4 mL/s yields a risk of ulcer recurrence of 43% ± 9% at 1 year and 60% ± 10% at 2 years. Conclusion: Leg ulcers associated with CVI have a high rate of recurrence. Ulcer recurrence is significantly increased in patients with DVI and in patients who do not have venous abnormalities corrected surgically. The VFI obtained from APG is useful in the prediction of increased risk for recurrence, particularly in association with anatomic data. (J Vasc Surg 2002;35:723-8.

Preparation of Large Monodisperse Vesicles

Preparation of monodisperse vesicles is important both for research purposes and for practical applications. While the extrusion of vesicles through small pores (∼100 nm in diameter) results in relatively uniform populations of vesicles, extrusion to larger sizes results in very heterogeneous populations of vesicles. Here we report a simple method for preparing large monodisperse multilamellar vesicles through a combination of extrusion and large-pore dialysis. For example, extrusion of polydisperse vesicles through 5-µm-diameter pores eliminates vesicles larger than 5 µm in diameter. Dialysis of extruded vesicles against 3-µm-pore-size polycarbonate membranes eliminates vesicles smaller than 3 µm in diameter, leaving behind a population of monodisperse vesicles with a mean diameter of ∼4 µm. The simplicity of this method makes it an effective tool for laboratory vesicle preparation with potential applications in preparing large monodisperse liposomes for drug delivery