Comparison of EC-Kit with Quanti-Tray : testing, verification, and drinking water quality mapping in Capiz Province, Philippines

Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2010.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-70).This thesis accomplishes three tasks. First, it verifies the EC-Kit under different water source conditions by comparing it to a laboratory standard method, the IDEXX Quanti-Tray[tm]. The EC-Kit is a simple, inexpensive field test kit that contains complementary tests for Escherichia coli and total coliform: the Colilert[tm] 10-milliliter presence/absence test and 3MTMS Petrifilm[tm] test. This work was executed by analyzing 521 water samples collected in Capiz Province, Philippines as well as 40 water samples from the Charles River in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Second, it determines the risk level for drinking water sources according to E.coli and total coliform levels in Capiz Province for difference locations and source types. Third, this study contributes to an ongoing mapping project, aimed at creating an interactive, searchable map of water quality results from EC-Kit and Quanti-Tray[tm]. The results of the study reveal that each component of EC-Kit and the entire kit itself is correlated to Quanti-Tray[tm] in a statistically significant way. Moreover, from the calculations of error and proportional reduction in error for unimproved/improved water sources, it is possible to make better predictions with just the use of the Colilert[tm] test, but not just the use of the TM T Petrifilm . This is because the detection limits for PetrifilmTM are an order of magnitude higher than Colilert[tm], namely PetrifilmTM colony counts of 1-10/1 mL sample results fall within the High and colony counts of 10-100/1 mL of sample fall within the Very High risk level categories, whereas positive Colilert[tm] results fall within the Intermediate, High, and Very High risk level categories. Most importantly, the EC-Kit allows for the best reduction in error, with a proportional reduction in error of 63% for unimproved water sources and 60% for improved water sources. This finding is significant because it means that a simple, inexpensive field kit can change our understanding of the safety of drinking water compared to simply knowing the United Nations infrastructure designation of improved versus unimproved water sources. Furthermore, the statistical analysis revealed that while the EC-Kit does not exactly match the Quanti-Tray[tm] results, it still provides useful information for assessing at-risk water sources.by Patty Chuang.M.Eng

A Summary Catalogue of Microbial Drinking Water Tests for Low and Medium Resource Settings

Microbial drinking-water quality testing plays an essential role in measures to protect public health. However, such testing remains a significant challenge where resources are limited. With a wide variety of tests available, researchers and practitioners have expressed difficulties in selecting the most appropriate test(s) for a particular budget, application and setting. To assist the selection process we identified the characteristics associated with low and medium resource settings and we specified the basic information that is needed for different forms of water quality monitoring. We then searched for available faecal indicator bacteria tests and collated this information. In total 44 tests have been identified, 18 of which yield a presence/absence result and 26 of which provide enumeration of bacterial concentration. The suitability of each test is assessed for use in the three settings. The cost per test was found to vary from $0.60 to$5.00 for a presence/absence test and from $0.50 to$7.50 for a quantitative format, though it is likely to be only a small component of the overall costs of testing. This article presents the first comprehensive catalogue of the characteristics of available and emerging low-cost tests for faecal indicator bacteria. It will be of value to organizations responsible for monitoring national water quality, water service providers, researchers and policy makers in selecting water quality tests appropriate for a given setting and application

Correction. "The 5th edition of The World Health Organization Classification of Haematolymphoid Tumours: Lymphoid Neoplasms" Leukemia. 2022 Jul;36(7):1720-1748

We herein present an overview of the upcoming 5th edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Haematolymphoid Tumours focussing on lymphoid neoplasms. Myeloid and histiocytic neoplasms will be presented in a separate accompanying article. Besides listing the entities of the classification, we highlight and explain changes from the revised 4th edition. These include reorganization of entities by a hierarchical system as is adopted throughout the 5th edition of the WHO classification of tumours of all organ systems, modification of nomenclature for some entities, revision of diagnostic criteria or subtypes, deletion of certain entities, and introduction of new entities, as well as inclusion of tumour-like lesions, mesenchymal lesions specific to lymph node and spleen, and germline predisposition syndromes associated with the lymphoid neoplasms

The 5th edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Haematolymphoid Tumours: Lymphoid Neoplasms.

We herein present an overview of the upcoming 5th edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Haematolymphoid Tumours focussing on lymphoid neoplasms. Myeloid and histiocytic neoplasms will be presented in a separate accompanying article. Besides listing the entities of the classification, we highlight and explain changes from the revised 4th edition. These include reorganization of entities by a hierarchical system as is adopted throughout the 5th edition of the WHO classification of tumours of all organ systems, modification of nomenclature for some entities, revision of diagnostic criteria or subtypes, deletion of certain entities, and introduction of new entities, as well as inclusion of tumour-like lesions, mesenchymal lesions specific to lymph node and spleen, and germline predisposition syndromes associated with the lymphoid neoplasms

The 5th edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Haematolymphoid Tumours: Lymphoid Neoplasms.

We herein present an overview of the upcoming 5th edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Haematolymphoid Tumours focussing on lymphoid neoplasms. Myeloid and histiocytic neoplasms will be presented in a separate accompanying article. Besides listing the entities of the classification, we highlight and explain changes from the revised 4th edition. These include reorganization of entities by a hierarchical system as is adopted throughout the 5th edition of the WHO classification of tumours of all organ systems, modification of nomenclature for some entities, revision of diagnostic criteria or subtypes, deletion of certain entities, and introduction of new entities, as well as inclusion of tumour-like lesions, mesenchymal lesions specific to lymph node and spleen, and germline predisposition syndromes associated with the lymphoid neoplasms

The 5th edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Haematolymphoid Tumours: Lymphoid Neoplasms

Acknowledgements: The authors thank the leadership and staff of the International Agency for Research on Cancer, especially Ms. Asiedua Asante, for her tireless efforts, and also Jasmine Singh and Kim Vu for their expert assistance in graphic presentation of the river plot figures.We herein present an overview of the upcoming 5th edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Haematolymphoid Tumours focussing on lymphoid neoplasms. Myeloid and histiocytic neoplasms will be presented in a separate accompanying article. Besides listing the entities of the classification, we highlight and explain changes from the revised 4th edition. These include reorganization of entities by a hierarchical system as is adopted throughout the 5th edition of the WHO classification of tumours of all organ systems, modification of nomenclature for some entities, revision of diagnostic criteria or subtypes, deletion of certain entities, and introduction of new entities, as well as inclusion of tumour-like lesions, mesenchymal lesions specific to lymph node and spleen, and germline predisposition syndromes associated with the lymphoid neoplasms

Correction: The 5th edition of The World Health Organization Classification of Haematolymphoid Tumours: Lymphoid Neoplasms (vol 36, pg 1720, 2022)

10.1038/s41375-023-01962-5LEUKEMIA3791944-195

Erratum to: Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition) (Autophagy, 12, 1, 1-222, 10.1080/15548627.2015.1100356

non present