a review

Women have a number of specificities that differentiate them from men. In particular, the role of sex steroid hormones and the menstrual cycle (MC) significantly impact women?s physiology. The literature has shown nonlinear relationships between MC, exercise, and nutritional intake. Notably, these relationships are bidirectional and less straightforward than one would suppose. For example, the theoretical implications of the MC?s phases on exercise performance do not always translate into relevant practical effects. There is often a disconnect between internal measures (e.g., levels of hormone concentrations) and external performance. Furthermore, it is not entirely clear how nutritional intake varies across the MC?s phases and whether these variations impact on exercise performance. Therefore, a thorough review of the existing knowledge could help in framing these complex relationships and potentially contribute to the optimization of exercise prescription and nutritional intake according to the naturally occurring phases of the MC. Throughout this review, an emerging trend is the lack of generalizability and the need to individualize interventions, since the consequences of the MC?s phases and their relationships with exercise and nutritional intake seem to vary greatly from person to person. In this sense, average data are probably not relevant and could potentially be misleading.D915-7373-ED16 | Cesar LeaoN/

Structure and genetic diversity of Anacardium humile (Anacardiaceae) : a tropical shrub.

Anacardium humile Saint Hilaire is a tropical shrub native to the Cerrado biome. It is a fruiting species with biological, medicinal, and socioeconomic significance. Thus, knowing how the genetic variability of natural populations is organized allows for the establishment of strategies for conservation and the sustainable use of the species and its biome. Six microsatellite loci previously developed from Anacardium occidentale were used to investigate the spatial genetic structure and genetic diversity of eight natural A. humile populations based on analyses of 242 adult plants. The results obtained indicate that these populations show a high level of genetic diversity (expected heterozygosity = 0.710). The endogamy coefficient was positive and significant for most populations, with a mean of 0.142 (P = 0.001). The genetic differentiation between populations was low (? = 0.075 and GST = 0.066) but significant (P = 0.0001). The genotypes of five of the eight populations were non-randomly distributed with clusters of related plants for which the coancestry values were positive and significant. These populations exhibited high and significant endogamy indices. The results obtained for A. humile populations show that genetic conservation programs should be implemented to maintain this species

Efeito da utiliza??o de microminerais org?nicos sobre o desempenho e a qualidade externa dos ovos de poedeiras comerciais em final de postura

Um experimento foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da utiliza??o de microminerais na forma org?nica sobre o desempenho e a qualidade dos ovos de poedeiras comerciais em final de postura. Foram utilizadas 480 galinhas da linhagem Hisex com 72 a 80 semanas de idade, distribu?das em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com 6 repeti??es e 16 aves por parcela. Foram avaliadas cinco dietas: ra??o basal suplementada com todos os microminerais na forma inorg?nica (controle); ra??o basal suplementada com 50% dos microminerais zinco (Zn) + mangan?s (Mn) + cobre (Cu) na forma org?nica e 50% na forma inorg?nica; ra??o basal suplementada com 50% de zinco na forma org?nica e 50% na forma inorg?nica; ra??o basal suplementada com 50% de mangan?s na forma org?nica e 50% na forma inorg?nica e ra??o basal suplementada com 50% de cobre na forma org?nica e 50% na forma inorg?nica. N?o houve efeito das dietas sobre a produ??o de ovos, o consumo de ra??o, a convers?o alimentar, a porcentagem e a espessura de casca. As aves que consumiram a ra??o basal suplementada apenas com zinco ou mangan?s na forma org?nica produziram ovos com menor peso espec?fico. A utiliza??o da ra??o basal suplementada com cobre na forma org?nica proporcionou menor perda de ovos. Por?m, os melhores resultados foram obtidos com a ra??o basal suplementada com os microminerais Zn + Mn + Cu na forma org?nica, pois proporcionou menor perda de ovos, maior peso espec?fico e maior peso dos ovos, sendo, portanto, recomendada para a alimenta??o de poedeiras comerciais em final de postura.Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG)The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of using microminerals in organic form on the performance and quality of eggs from commercial laying hens at the end of laying. Four hundred and eighty Hisex strain hens, 72 to 80 weeks of age, were used. A randomized complete design was used, with six replications and 16 birds for each experimental unit. Five diets were evaluated: basal feed supplemented with all microminerals in inorganic form (control); basal feed supplemented with 50% microminerals zinc (Zn) + manganese (Mn) + copper (Cu) in organic form and 50% in inorganic form; basal feed supplemented with 50% zinc in organic form and 50% in inorganic form; basal feed supplemented with 50% manganese in organic form and 50% in inorganic form; and basal feed supplemented with 50% copper in organic form and 50% in inorganic form. There was no effect of diets on egg production, feed intake, food conversion and egg shell percentage and thickness. Birds fed basal feed supplemented only with zinc or manganese in organic form produced eggs with lower specific weight. The use of basal feed supplemented with copper in organic form has minimized egg loss. However, the best results (lower egg loss, higher specific weight and higher weight of eggs) were obtained with the basal feed supplemented with microminerals Zn + Mn + Cu in organic form and, therefore, it is recommended for feeding of commercial laying at the end of laying

Multidisciplinary approach in breast cancer.

Breast cancer is the most common neoplasm among women. Worldwide, there will be about 2.1 million newly diagnosed female breast cancer cases in 2018, accounting for almost 1 in 4 cancer cases among women. The disease is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in the vast majority of the countries. The purpose of this article is to report the positive experience of a multidisciplinary team in the care of women with breast cancer and their family members. Our approach that is part of the Cancer Patient Support Center (CPSC) at the public health (IPSEMG) in Brazil has been developed taking into account a broader concept of health care. We value not only individual dimensions in patient care, but also common ones, we recognize the importance of dealing with non-biological aspects of the disease, such as socioeconomic, political and cultural facets and our service is focused on health promotion rather than merely on curative treatment. Among the advantages of our approach, we highlight the facilitated accessibility to health services, the patient-centered communication and shared decision making, and the strong bonds between health professionals, patients, and family members. As part of CPSC`s activities, we emphasize the services provided by ?Aconchego? (?Warmth?), that is our breast cancer support group at public health in Brazil

A HETERONORMATIVIDADE ENSINADA ???TINTIM POR TINTIM???: UMA AN??LISE DAS REVISTAS ATREVIDA E CAPRICHO

Submitted by Patr??cia Concei????o da Silva ([email protected]) on 2013-08-19T20:41:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_PatriciaConceicao.pdf: 5058813 bytes, checksum: 115e1b156ba58cea06bb6950d0c50096 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Alda Lima da Silva([email protected]) on 2013-08-20T21:09:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_PatriciaConceicao.pdf: 5058813 bytes, checksum: 115e1b156ba58cea06bb6950d0c50096 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-20T21:09:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_PatriciaConceicao.pdf: 5058813 bytes, checksum: 115e1b156ba58cea06bb6950d0c50096 (MD5)Este trabalho analisa textos publicados por duas revistas brasileiras voltadas para adolescentes ??? Atrevida e Capricho - que tratam de temas relacionados a g??nero e sexualidade. O intuito ?? compreender de que forma as revistas constroem as identidades sexuais de suas leitoras e, ainda, quais normas regulat??rias dos corpos, desejos e comportamentos sexuais est??o presentes nessas publica????es. Para refletir at?? que ponto as abordagens sobre g??nero e sexualidade est??o inscritas numa perspectiva heteronormativa, as edi????es do ano de 2008 das duas revistas foram analisadas a partir de algumas reflex??es fundamentais na Teoria Queer e de demais trabalhos inscritos nos chamados Estudos Gays e L??sbicos. Por meio da an??lise de quatro aspectos principais - as concep????es de sexo, g??nero, desejo e pr??tica sexual nas revistas; a trajet??ria de vida constru??da para as adolescentes nas publica????es; a constru????o e a legitima????o do casal heterossexual em suas p??ginas; os ideais de corpo, apar??ncia e vestu??rio ??? foi poss??vel refletir sobre como a heterossexualidade atua como norma pela qual passa a pr??pria constitui????o do ???ser menina???. Os resultados da an??lise apontam os caminhos pelos quais as diversas normas regulat??rias s??o abordadas e refor??adas nas publica????es e, ainda, problematizam se a atua????o dessas normas permite o surgimento de lacunas que funcionam como espa??os de fuga do padr??o heterossexual

Efeito do Butirato de s?dio sobre o d?ficit de mem?ria induzido pela sobrecarga neonatal com ferro

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T14:51:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 438584.pdf: 476074 bytes, checksum: 0144120e5040772f4dc29057d0403105 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-24Iron accumulation in the brain has been associated to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. We have previously demonstrated that iron overload in the neonatal period results in severe and persistent memory deficits in adult rats. Here, using the animal model of cognitive impairment induced by iron overload we tested the effects of NaBut in ameliorating memory. Rats received vehicle or 10.0 mg/kg Fe+2 orally at postnatal days 12-14. When animals reached the age of 2 months, they received an acute intraperitoneal injection of vehicle or NaBut (1.2 g/kg) immediately after the training session in either novel object recognition or inhibitory avoidance tasks. Retention test sessions were performed 24 hours after training. Animals that received iron in the neonatal period showed severe memory deficits. A single acute injection of NaBut was able to recover memory deficits in iron-treated rats. The results provide evidence that NaBut may be considered for the treatment of cognitive decline associated with neurodegenerative disorders.O excesso de ferro no enc?falo tem sido relacionado com a patog?nese de diversas doen?as neurodegenerativas, como por exemplo, as doen?as de Alzheimer e de Parkinson. Reconhece-se o per?odo neonatal como cr?tico para o estabelecimento do conte?do normal de ferro no c?rebro adulto, podendo, de forma determinante alterar a distribui??o cerebral deste metal de acordo com o grau de absor??o apresentado. Estudos realizados anteriormente em nosso laborat?rio indicaram que a administra??o de ferro no per?odo neonatal prejudica severamente a mem?ria em ratos adultos. Muitos estudos demonstram que a transcri??o g?nica ? um processo necess?rio para a plasticidade e a consolida??o da mem?ria de longa dura??o. A acetila??o das histonas ocorre nos res?duos lisina, neutralizando sua carga positiva, diminuindo a afinidade entre a prote?na e o DNA, levando o relaxamento da estrutura da cromatina, permitindo o recrutamento da maquinaria transcricional. A deacetila??o das histonas ? um processo revers?vel, que ocorre pela a??o das histonas deacetilases (HDACs), as quais representam a principal via de manipula??o farmacol?gica do epigenoma, com promissores valores terap?uticos. Nos ?ltimos anos ocorreu um aumento no n?mero de estudos sugerindo que o Butirato de s?dio (NaBut), um inibidor espec?fico de HDACs, apresenta um poss?vel potencial como agente terap?utico no tratamento de doen?as neurodegenerativas. No entanto, a caracteriza??o de seus efeitos ? limitada pela falta de estudos utilizando modelos animais adequados que reproduzam aspectos de doen?as neurodegenerativas. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi determinar se os d?ficits de mem?ria induzidos pelo tratamento neonatal com ferro podem ser revertidos pela administra??o de NaBut. Para tanto, ratos machos receberam ve?culo (5% de sorbitol em ?gua) ou ferro (10,0 mg/kg) via oral do 12? ao 14? dia p?s-natal. Ao atingirem a idade adulta, ambos os grupos foram divididos em grupos experimentais que receberam inje??es agudas de NaBut (1,2g/Kg) ou ve?culo por via intraperitoneal, imediatamente ap?s a sess?o de treino nas tarefas de esquiva inibit?ria e reconhecimento do objeto novo. Os resultados mostraram que uma inje??o aguda imediatamente ap?s a sess?o de treino n?o afetou a mem?ria em ratos controles, mas foi capaz de reverter os d?ficits de mem?ria induzidos pelo tratamento neonatal com ferro, tanto na tarefa de reconhecimento de objeto quanto na tarefa de esquiva inibit?ria. A partir dos resultados obtidos nos testes de mem?ria de reconhecimento de objeto, e no teste relacionado ? mem?ria aversiva, a esquiva inibit?ria, podemos sugerir que o NaBut apresenta resposta satisfat?ria como modulador da mem?ria, permitindo-nos inferir sua potencialidade como agente terap?utico para o tratamento dos preju?zos de mem?ria que acompanham muitas doen?as neurodegenerativas