Cross-cultural adaptation of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire 11–14 (CPQ11–14) for the Brazilian Portuguese language

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Development and Validation of a Social Capital Questionnaire for Adolescent Students (SCQ-AS)

Objectives: Social capital has been studied due to its contextual influence on health. However, no specific assessment tool has been developed and validated for the measurement of social capital among 12-year-old adolescent students. The aim of the present study was to develop and validate a quick, simple assessment tool to measure social capital among adolescent students. Methods: A questionnaire was developed based on a review of relevant literature. For such, searches were made of the Scientific Electronic Library Online, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences, The Cochrane Library, ISI Web of Knowledge, International Database for Medical Literature and PubMed Central bibliographical databases from September 2011 to January 2014 for papers addressing assessment tools for the evaluation of social capital. Focus groups were also formed by adolescent students as well as health, educational and social professionals. The final assessment tool was administered to a convenience sample from two public schools (79 students) and one private school (22 students), comprising a final sample of 101 students. Reliability and internal consistency were evaluated using the Kappa coefficient and Cronbach's alpha coefficient, respectively. Content validity was determined by expert consensus as well as exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Results: The final version of the questionnaire was made up of 12 items. The total scale demonstrated very good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha: 0.71). Reproducibility was also very good, as the Kappa coefficient was higher than 0.72 for the majority of items (range: 0.63 to 0.97). Factor analysis grouped the 12 items into four subscales: School Social Cohesion, School Friendships, Neighborhood Social Cohesion and Trust (school and neighborhood). Conclusions: The present findings indicate the validity and reliability of the Social Capital Questionnaire for Adolescent Students

Binge drinking and illicit drug use among adolescent students

OBJETIVO Estimar a prevalência do uso de drogas ilícitas e sua associação com binge drinking e fatores sociodemográficos entre estudantes adolescentes. MÉTODOS Estudo transversal com amostra probabilística por conglomerado, envolvendo 1.154 estudantes, de 13 a 19 anos de idade, da rede pública de ensino, no município de Olinda, PE, 2014. Foi utilizado o questionário Youth Risk Behavior Survey, validado para uso com adolescentes brasileiros. Para análise dos dados foi utilizado o teste do Qui-quadrado (≤ 0,05) e análise de regressão de Poisson, para estimar razões de prevalência, com intervalos com 95% de confiança. RESULTADOS O uso na vida de drogas ilícitas foi quatro vezes mais prevalente entre os estudantes que relataram o binge drinking (IC95% 3,19–5,45). Estar na faixa etária de 16 a 19 anos, ser do sexo masculino e não ter religião também foram significativamente associados ao uso de drogas ilícitas. CONCLUSÕES A prevalência do uso de drogas ilícitas na vida foi superior a outros estudos realizados no Brasil e esteve fortemente associado ao binge drinking. Esse fator mostrou associação com gênero, idade e religião.OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of illicit drug use and its association with binge drinking and sociodemographic factors among adolescent students. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study with probabilistic conglomerate sampling, involving 1,154 students, aged 13 to 19 years old, from the public school system, in the city of Olinda, State of Pernambuco, Brazil, carried out in 2014. We used the Youth Risk Behavior Survey questionnaire, validated for use with Brazilian adolescents. The Chi-square test (≤ 0.05) and Poisson regression analysis were used to estimate the prevalence ratios, with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS Use in life of illicit drugs was four times more prevalent among students who reported binge drinking (95%CI 3.19–5.45). Being in the age group of 16 to 19 years, being male, and having no religion were also significantly associated with illicit drug use. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of use in life of illicit drugs was higher in this study than in other studies carried out in Brazil and it was strongly associated with binge drinking. This factor was associated with gender, age, and religion

Bioética: esclarecimento e fonoaudiologia Bioethics: clarification and speech language pathology

OBJETIVOS: determinar o esclarecimento dos responsáveis sobre a terapia Fonoaudiológica realizada em suas crianças; verificar o auto-julgamento de participação destes na decisão sobre o tipo de terapia realizada em seu menor; e verificar a interferência do nível de escolaridade do responsável sobre o esclarecimento destes quanto à terapia fonoaudiológica realizada em suas crianças. MÉTODOS: a amostra constitui-se de 33 estagiários de Fonoaudiologia e 33 responsáveis por crianças entre dois e 12 anos de idade, atendidas no ambulatório de Fonoaudiologia, que foram abordados por meio de um formulário estruturado aplicado sob forma de entrevista. Para análise dos dados utilizou-se o teste do Qui-quadrado e o teste de Pearson, através do programa Minitab 13. RESULTADOS: observou-se que a maioria dos responsáveis (95%) descreveu ter participado na decisão da terapia fonoaudiológica de suas crianças. Entretanto, apenas 39,4% acertaram sobre o tratamento fonoaudiológico realizado. No que se refere à escolaridade verificou-se que o percentual de acertos foi maior para os indivíduos com segundo grau completo (60%) do que para indivíduos com primeiro grau incompleto (30%), entretanto, não foi possível observar diferenças estatisticamente significantes (p=0,36). CONCLUSÕES: a maioria dos responsáveis demonstrou não estar devidamente esclarecida quanto à terapia Fonoaudiológica realizada em seus menores, uma vez que relatou atitudes passivas frente ao processo de decisão, e, o esclarecimento desses responsáveis tendeu a ser maior para indivíduos com mais escolaridade.PURPOSE: to determine the clarification of the persons in charge for the children in speech language pathology attendance, to check the self-judgment of the person in charge for the decision on the type of treatment and the interference of the persons in charge scholar level on knowledge as for the therapy of their children. METHODS: a questionnaire was carried out under interview form with a pattern of 33 trainee and 33 persons in charge for children between 2 and 12-year-old, under treatment in the Clinic of Speech Language Pathologist of The Federal University of Minas Gerais. For analyzing the data we used Chi-Square test and Pearson test, through the program: Minitab 13. RESULTS: in 95% of the cases, the guardians considered participating in the decision-making regarding treatment; however, when questioned as for what treatment was being performed, only 39.4% answered correctly. The majority of the persons in charge (95%) related having participated in the child's treatment decision, however just 39,4% answered correctly on the treatment. The percentage of correct answers was more elevated for the individuals with complete high-school degree (60%), than individuals with incomplete elementary degree (30%), however its was not a significant statistic value (p=0.36). CONCLUSIONS: the major portion of the persons in charge do not have participation in decisions concerning the treatment carried out in their children, once that they related passive attitudes in front of this decision process and do not show knowledge on the treatment carried out with their children. The knowledge tends to be better for individuals with higher scholar level