Heart Rate detection using Photoplethysmography using Android Phone

This paper includes Heart Rate Detector system implemented by some modern hardware ICs and simple sensor circuit with software executable on both PC and android platform. Very first the bio-signals are extracted via photoplethysmography concept using PPG sensor into electric signal. Now at the next stage microprocessor is used to convert the bio-signal from analog to digital format. Some application software running on Windows and Android phone have been developed to display heart rate information and time domain waveform to users for health care monitoring. Some of the applications running on the android platform few of them have been developed to display the heart rate information and some health care monitoring system. This project includes the RF modules which having the major impact and plays the predominant role in it. In future, pure wireless technology will be used instead of RF modules DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15032

A Comparative study of Madhuk Churna with Vidarikanda Churna in the management of Stanyakshaya

Ayurveda is the flawless, authentic ancient science of life and is genuinely called the “Mother of all healing.” The knowledge of Ayurveda was originated in India for more than five thousands years ago. The word Ayu literally means life and Veda the science or knowledge. Ayurveda stands for knowledge of life. Stanya is Updhatu of Rasa Dhatu. Rasa Dhatu is said to be Aadi Dhatu i.e. Pratham Dhatu. Ayurveda explains the importance of Stanya (Breast Milk) through its main function Pushti and Jeevan (growth and life). If Rasa Dhatu formation is disturbed, its Updhatu Stanya will also be disturbed. Now in modern era most of the cases of Stanya Kshaya are observed. So in present study Madhuk Churna and Vidarikand Churna are used in the management of Stanya Kshaya

An Image Based Approach of IRIS Recognition for Person Identification using Segmentation Algorithm

A biometric system gives automatic identification of an individual based on a unique feature or characteristic possessed by the individual. Iris recognition system is regarded as the most reliable and accurate biometric identification system available. Also, Iris recognition is considered to be the most reliable and accurate biometric identification system present. Iris recognition system captures an image of an individual’s eye, the iris in the image is then meant for the segmentation and normalization for extracting its features. The performance of iris recognition systems mainly depends on the segmentation. Segmentation is used for the localization of the correct iris region in the particular region of an eye and it should be done accurately and correctly to remove the eyelids, eyelashes, reection and pupil noises present in iris region. Iris images are selected from the Database, then the iris and pupil boundary is detected from rest of the eye image,by removing the noises. The segmented iris region was normalized to compress the dimensional inconsistencies between two iris regions by using Then the features of the iris were encoded by convolving the normalized iris. The Hamming distance was chosen as a matching metric parameter, which gave the measure of how many bits disagreed between the templates of the iris

Application of Radiation Sources in Steel Industry in India

The applications of ionizing radiation sources (radioisotope and X-ray)in India have registered the phenomenal growth for beneficial uses in medicine, ind-ustry, agriculture, research and training. In industry, there are different applications of radioisotopes viz. tracer studies, nucleonic control systems(NCS), i.e. nucleonic gauges; radiography for non-destructive testing(NDT) and radiation processing of food and health care products. With the obvious beneficial use of radiation sources, there is also concern about the likehood of harmful effects of radiation, which necissitates the eff-ecive regulatory control over radiation sources. The compr-ehensive regulatory programme has been estabilished in the country and the requirement of licence for handling of radiation sources in India is a statutory requirement as per Atomic Energy (Radiation Protection) Rule, 2004. The NCS find many non-destructive applications in steel industry, such as in situ determination of thickness of steel plate(s); measurement of density and determination of elemental composition of materials; level measurements; control of process material in closed containers i.e. mould level measurement; moisture content in blast fur-nace; analysis of ores and minerals. The type of radiation used includes gamma, X-rays, XRF and neutron sources with activity varying from several MBq to GBq. There are about 1500 number of NCS installed and operated in around 150 numbers of steel and allied industries all over the country. The NDT by radiation sources play important role in verifying integrity of steel structure. The radiation equipment (i.e. NCS and radiography device) with several built-in-saftey features and trained/certified operating staff ensures safe handling and use of radiation sources in industry. While handling of radiation sources, unusual occurrences do occur

Basic science232. Certolizumab pegol prevents pro-inflammatory alterations in endothelial cell function

Background: Cardiovascular disease is a major comorbidity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and a leading cause of death. Chronic systemic inflammation involving tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF) could contribute to endothelial activation and atherogenesis. A number of anti-TNF therapies are in current use for the treatment of RA, including certolizumab pegol (CZP), (Cimzia ®; UCB, Belgium). Anti-TNF therapy has been associated with reduced clinical cardiovascular disease risk and ameliorated vascular function in RA patients. However, the specific effects of TNF inhibitors on endothelial cell function are largely unknown. Our aim was to investigate the mechanisms underpinning CZP effects on TNF-activated human endothelial cells. Methods: Human aortic endothelial cells (HAoECs) were cultured in vitro and exposed to a) TNF alone, b) TNF plus CZP, or c) neither agent. Microarray analysis was used to examine the transcriptional profile of cells treated for 6 hrs and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysed gene expression at 1, 3, 6 and 24 hrs. NF-κB localization and IκB degradation were investigated using immunocytochemistry, high content analysis and western blotting. Flow cytometry was conducted to detect microparticle release from HAoECs. Results: Transcriptional profiling revealed that while TNF alone had strong effects on endothelial gene expression, TNF and CZP in combination produced a global gene expression pattern similar to untreated control. The two most highly up-regulated genes in response to TNF treatment were adhesion molecules E-selectin and VCAM-1 (q 0.2 compared to control; p > 0.05 compared to TNF alone). The NF-κB pathway was confirmed as a downstream target of TNF-induced HAoEC activation, via nuclear translocation of NF-κB and degradation of IκB, effects which were abolished by treatment with CZP. In addition, flow cytometry detected an increased production of endothelial microparticles in TNF-activated HAoECs, which was prevented by treatment with CZP. Conclusions: We have found at a cellular level that a clinically available TNF inhibitor, CZP reduces the expression of adhesion molecule expression, and prevents TNF-induced activation of the NF-κB pathway. Furthermore, CZP prevents the production of microparticles by activated endothelial cells. This could be central to the prevention of inflammatory environments underlying these conditions and measurement of microparticles has potential as a novel prognostic marker for future cardiovascular events in this patient group. Disclosure statement: Y.A. received a research grant from UCB. I.B. received a research grant from UCB. S.H. received a research grant from UCB. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interes

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

Heterotrophic Microalgae A Potential Source of Biodiesel

The energy demand is growing worldwide. The total energy consumption has increased from 196 EJ(108 joule) in 1973 to more than 350 EJ in 2009 and the tendency is rising,[3] About 80% of this energy is fulfilled from fossil fuels with the green house gas emissions. The reduction of CO2 emissionsin the range of 10-20% by 2020 is Internationally specified target (e.g. European union). Currently the fossil resources are not regarded as sustainable and questionable from the economic, ecology and environmental point of views. Because of the many advantages over the conventional energy resources, the production of biodiesel has attracted much attention in recent years. Biofuels and bioproducts produced from plant biomass would mitigate global warming. The sourcing of feedstocks, including the impact it may have on biodiversity and land use and competition with food crops. Algae have recently received a lot of attention as a new biomass source for the production of renewable energy. Many countries are now doing extensive research on algae. Biodiesel feed stocks derived from microalgae and macroalgae have emerged as one of the most promising alternative sources of lipid for use in biodiesel production. Micro algae are more suitable as biofuel because the oil content in the microalgae are more compared tothe macroalgae. Particularly Heterotrophic Microalgae are more suitable as biodiesel source because of their fatty acid profile and oil conten

Community pharmacist's awareness, knowledge and attitude towards use of vitamin supplements in pimpri-chinchwad municipal corporation (PCMC) area of Pune, India: A descriptive cross sectional study

Background: US FDA defines: dietary supplements is a product that intended to supplement a person's diet, it's generally consist of at least one or more of the following dietary ingredients, vitamin, minerals, a herb or other botanical and amino acid by increasing the daily consumptions of an extract metabolite concentration, constitute or combinations of these medication. Excessive and inappropriate use of medicines has been recognised as a public health problem resulting in increased likelihood of adverse drug event, drug interaction, and inappropriate drug prescribing and increased cost. Material and Methods: This was the cross-sectional study conducted in year 2022 at Pimpri Chinchwad (Pune). The total 250 questionaires are distributed and from that 226 response were received. Target population consist of community pharmacists working in the drug store in this area (n=226). Results: Data was represented in three domains of study i. e. awareness, knowledge and attitude. Correlation coefficient using Pearson's method were determined to evaluate strength of correlation between awareness-knowledge, Knowledge-attitude and awareness-attitude. Correlation coefficient were calculated by comparing most relevant and equal number of questions. Conclusion: The study demonstrated positive attitude among surveyed community pharmacists in Pune, India. There is lacuna in accurate and adequate awareness, knowledge and attitude of vitamin deficiency, efficiency, recommended daily allowance (RDA), toxicity and interactions among pharmacist as one of the stakeholders of healthcare in India. Few of the remedies viz. framing of guidelines, inclusion in formal education syllabus, continuous education, updation exams etc. may be of use

Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Some New 1, 4-Benzothiazine Containing Thiosemicarbazides and 1, 3, 4-Oxadiazole Derivatives

A series of novel 3- methyl-7-substituted-4H,4-benzothiazine-2-carbohydrazide (3a-e) and corresponding thiosemicarbazides (4-a-q); 2-[3-methyl-7-substituted- 4H -1, 4-benzothiazine-2-yl]-N-(aryl) hydrazine carbothiamide have been synthesized. The thiosemicarbazide when cyclized with iodine via intramolecular cyclisation gave benzothiazonyl oxadiazoles (5-a-q); 5-(3-methyl -7-substitued-4H- 1,4-benzothiazin-2-yl)- N —aryl- 1,3,4- oxadiazol -2-amine and the compounds were tested for antibacterial and antifungal activities against different microorganisms