Controlling the Reader - Omission as Literary Device in Bob Dylan's Topical Songs

Bob Dylan received the 2016 Nobel Prize in Literature "for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition". The announcement sparked a discussion on the boundaries of the concept of literature, but also about the nature of the author. The purpose of this thesis is to shed light on Bob Dylan’s construction of songs using real events and people, i.e, his topical songs, in which the boundaries between personal ethics and law, subjective truth and objective reality have caused much controversy for the artist. Using Wolfgang Iser’s theory on interaction between reader and text, the analysis finds that omission, the creation of gaps, used as a literary device both in text and in the construction of the Dylan persona, was employed to control the reader’s response on these songs

Alignment System Design for CICLoPE

Today there is no way of measuring or simulating turbulent flow in high Reynolds number environments. The computational power required to simulate these conditions is not expected to be available for several decades so instead the CICLoPE project aims at solving this shortage by the construction of a long carbon fiber wind tunnel in which real measurements can be made. To do accurate measurements it is of importance that the wind tunnel, 0.9 meters in diameter and 110 meters long, is as straight as possible. This master thesis treat the design and construction of a device which may be used to align the tunnel along a reference laser beam. A design is presented which allows the pipe to be aligned within about a quarter of a millimeter along its entire length. Contents span over several science fields such as physics, mechanics, control theory and electronics. The result is a theoretically correct design. Further a first version of a device has been manufactured which is not a finished product but rather a foundation upon which more functionality can be built.Idag finns inget sätt att mäta eller simulera turbulent flöde i system där Reynolds tal är högt. Datorkraften som krävs för att simulera dessa omständigheter förväntas inte finnas tillgänglig på flera decennium. I CICLoPE-projektet ämnar man istället fylla denna brist genom att, i kolfiber, bygga en lång vindtunnel i vilken mätningar sedan kan göras. För att kunna göra dessa mätningar är det av vikt att tunneln, 0,9 meter i diameter och 110 meter lång, är så rak som möjligt. Detta examensarbete behandlar konstruktion och tillverkning av en anordning som kan användas för att räta tunnelröret. Detta genom att använda sig av en laserstråle som referens i dess centrum. En konstruktion presenteras som kan positionera röret inom omkring en kvarts millimeter längs hela dess längd. Rapportens innehåll spänner över flera vetenskapliga fält som fysik, mekanik, reglerteknik och elektronik. Resultatet är en teoretiskt korrekt konstruktion. En första version har också tillverkats vilken inte ska betraktas som färdig utan som en grund till vilken ytterligare funktion kan utvecklas

Measuring with pressure sensitive paint in time-varying flows

Increasingly tougher legislation on internal combustion engine emissions drives the development towards smaller engines with higher efficiency where an important component is the gas-exchange system and especially the turbocharger. The flow in the gas-exchange system is inherently pulsating and unsteady and the present thesis aims at investigating if and how pressure sensitive paint (PSP) can be used for internal unsteady flows of relevance for engine applications. PSP is an optical non-intrusive technique for pressure measurements on surfaces and in the thesis different acquisition, evaluation and signal-to-noise-raising methods have been evaluated and developed with focus on unsteady internal flow. In particular it describes a path towards measurements of unsteady pressure distributions on the impeller blades of turbocharger compressors appearing in compressors at surge. As a first step, dynamic calibration of a polymer/ceramic pressure sensitive paint (PC-PSP) was made using a shock tube. The cut-off frequency for the tested ruthenium-based formulation was found to be a few kilohertz; sufficient for resolving unsteady compressor behaviour such as surge and rotating stall. The same PC-PSP was used for measurements of the pressure on the inside wall of a y-junction sized to resemble the exhaust manifold of a car engine. The intensity method was used where a LED array provided excitation light and luminescent intensities was acquired using a CCD camera. Phase averaging was made in-camera by summing the intensity from several LED flashes phase locked to the flow pulses. A filtering technique based on singular value decomposition (SVD) was also developed. As a test case the fluctuating pressure field due to unsteady vortex shedding on the side of a square cylinder was evaluated. The data was captured using a high speed CMOS camera and continuous LED light. The result was a reduction of pixel noise on the order of two magnitudes that made it possible to recover vortex shedding behaviour otherwise submerged in noise. Due to complex geometries and high rotational speeds, pressure measurements on the impeller blades are unfeasible using traditional pressure taps and transducers and here the pressure was measured with PSP on the impeller blades of a rotating compressor. For this study, point measurements using a scanning laser for excitation and a photomultiplier tube for the acquisition of the luminescence was used and evaluated with the so called lifetime method. The measurements were able to capture the surge frequency as well as its spatial distribution.QC 20140901</p

Measuring with pressure sensitive paint in time-varying flows

Increasingly tougher legislation on internal combustion engine emissions drives the development towards smaller engines with higher efficiency where an important component is the gas-exchange system and especially the turbocharger. The flow in the gas-exchange system is inherently pulsating and unsteady and the present thesis aims at investigating if and how pressure sensitive paint (PSP) can be used for internal unsteady flows of relevance for engine applications. PSP is an optical non-intrusive technique for pressure measurements on surfaces and in the thesis different acquisition, evaluation and signal-to-noise-raising methods have been evaluated and developed with focus on unsteady internal flow. In particular it describes a path towards measurements of unsteady pressure distributions on the impeller blades of turbocharger compressors appearing in compressors at surge. As a first step, dynamic calibration of a polymer/ceramic pressure sensitive paint (PC-PSP) was made using a shock tube. The cut-off frequency for the tested ruthenium-based formulation was found to be a few kilohertz; sufficient for resolving unsteady compressor behaviour such as surge and rotating stall. The same PC-PSP was used for measurements of the pressure on the inside wall of a y-junction sized to resemble the exhaust manifold of a car engine. The intensity method was used where a LED array provided excitation light and luminescent intensities was acquired using a CCD camera. Phase averaging was made in-camera by summing the intensity from several LED flashes phase locked to the flow pulses. A filtering technique based on singular value decomposition (SVD) was also developed. As a test case the fluctuating pressure field due to unsteady vortex shedding on the side of a square cylinder was evaluated. The data was captured using a high speed CMOS camera and continuous LED light. The result was a reduction of pixel noise on the order of two magnitudes that made it possible to recover vortex shedding behaviour otherwise submerged in noise. Due to complex geometries and high rotational speeds, pressure measurements on the impeller blades are unfeasible using traditional pressure taps and transducers and here the pressure was measured with PSP on the impeller blades of a rotating compressor. For this study, point measurements using a scanning laser for excitation and a photomultiplier tube for the acquisition of the luminescence was used and evaluated with the so called lifetime method. The measurements were able to capture the surge frequency as well as its spatial distribution.QC 20140901</p

Wall Pressure Measurements in a Y-Junction at Pulsating Flow using Polymer/Ceramic Pressure Sensitive Paint

In this experiment ruthenium based polymer/ceramic pressure sensitive paint (PC-PSP) has been used to study the pressure inside a y-junction at pulsating flow conditions. Pressure has been measured using the intensity based method and through phase locked averages. The aim has been to investigate the potential of PC-PSP at mass flows and pulse frequencies typical of those in the exhaust manifold of internal combustion engines. QC 2011120

Dynamic Calibration of Polymer/Ceramic Pressure Sensitive Paint Using a Shock Tube

This work deals with the topic of dynamic calibration of pressure sensitive paint (PSP) using methods of system identification in z-space, suitable for discrete time analysis. The aim is to be able to reconstruct time varying pressures from (phase and amplitude distorted) measurement data. The calibration method is useful when a well known pressure source is available, such as moving shock in a shock tube. QC 20111208</p

Wall Pressure Measurements in a Y-Junction at Pulsating Flow using Polymer/Ceramic Pressure Sensitive Paint

Abstract In this experiment ruthenium based polymer/ceramic pressure sensitive paint (PC-PSP) has been used to study the pressure inside a y-junction at pulsating flow conditions. Pressure has been measured using the intensity based method and through phase locked averages. The aim has been to investigate the potential of PC-PSP at mass flows and pulse frequencies typical of those in the exhaust manifold of internal combustion engines

Wall Pressure Measurements in a Y-Junction at Pulsating Flow using Polymer/Ceramic Pressure Sensitive Paint

In this experiment ruthenium based polymer/ceramic pressure sensitive paint (PC-PSP) has been used to study the pressure inside a y-junction at pulsating flow conditions. Pressure has been measured using the intensity based method and through phase locked averages. The aim has been to investigate the potential of PC-PSP at mass flows and pulse frequencies typical of those in the exhaust manifold of internal combustion engines. QC 2011120