384 research outputs found
Wilder wellbeing evaluation
The post-intervention evaluation of the Wilder Wellbeing
programme, based on historical data and respondent questionnaire and artistic expression feedback,
provides valuable insights into the programme's impact. Several key themes emerged that underscored the positive effects of the programme on respondents' wellbeing. These themes include enhanced nature connection, improved recovery, boosted mental wellbeing, increased enjoyment, and alignment with the Five Ways to Wellbeing.
The Wilder Wellbeing programme offers a cost-effective mental health intervention. With a cost of £250 per weekly session for up to 12 participants, it amounts to approximately £20.83 per person per week. When compared to other clinical interventions, Wilder Wellbeing proves to be more affordable. It is notably cheaper than NHS behavioural activation and counselling/psychotherapy, though slightly more expensive than NHS group mindfulness-based cognitive therapy. However, one advantage of Wilder Wellbeing is its accessibility and shorter waiting times compared to the NHS, where patients may have to wait up to 18 weeks to access mental health services
Evaluation of Ecology Island Project
Ecology Island is an open-ended nature-based intervention
programme which has been running in Dartford, Kent since 2017. It is funded by Kent County Council Suicide Prevention Programme and managed by North-west Kent Countryside Partnership with support from North Kent Mind.
The evaluation has demonstrated significant positive impacts on the mental health and wellbeing of respondents facing mental health struggles. Through a comprehensive assessment involving questionnaires and artistic expression, the findings reveal a range of emotional and psychological benefits, including heightened relaxation, cheerfulness, confidence, and a sense of usefulness, among participants. The artistic expression pieces provide unique perspectives, illustrating experience of Ecology Island as a space for reflection, nature connection, and social interaction.
The evaluation demonstrates the cost-effectiveness of
Ecology Island when compared to traditional clinical interventions. The programme has shown promise in addressing diverse wellbeing needs, offering participants a structured routine, and contributing to the alleviation of social isolation
Supercooled-liquid and plastic-crystalline state in succinonitrile-glutaronitrile mixtures
We report a thorough characterization of the glassy phases of mixtures of
succinonitrile and glutaronitrile via dielectric spectroscopy and differential
scanning calorimetry. This system is revealed to be one of the rare examples
where both glassy states of matter, a structurally disordered supercooled
liquid and an orientationally disordered plastic crystal, can be prepared in
the same material. Both disordered states can be easily supercooled, finally
arriving at a structural-glass or a glassy-crystal state. Detailed
investigations using broadband dielectric spectroscopy enable a comparison of
the glassy dynamics in both phases. Just as previously demonstrated for
supercooled-liquid and plastic-crystalline ethanol, our experiments reveal very
similar relaxational behavior and glass temperatures of both disordered states.
Thus the prominent role of orientational degrees of freedom in the glass
transition, suggested on the basis of the findings for ethanol, is fully
corroborated by the present work. Moreover, the fragilities of both phases are
determined and compared for different mixtures. The findings can be well
understood within an energy-landscape based explanation of fragility.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figure
A systematic review and critical analysis of cost-effectiveness studies for coronary artery disease treatment [version 2; referees: 2 approved]
Background: Cardiovascular disease remains the primary cause of death among Australians, despite dramatic improvements in overall cardiovascular health since the 1980s. Treating cardiovascular disease continues to place a significant economic strain on the Australian health care system, with direct healthcare costs exceeding those of any other disease. Coronary artery disease accounts for nearly one third of these costs and spending continues to rise. A range of treatments is available for coronary artery disease yet evidence of cost-effectiveness is missing, particularly for the Australian context. Cost-effectiveness evidence can signal waste and inefficiency and so is essential for an efficient allocation of healthcare resources. Methods: We used systematic review methods to search the literature across several electronic databases for economic evaluations of treatments for stable coronary artery disease. We critically appraised the literature found in searches, both against the CHEERS statement for quality reporting of economic evaluations and in terms of its usefulness for policy and decision-makers. Results: We retrieved a total of 308 references, 229 once duplicates were removed. Of these, 26 were excluded as they were not full papers (letters, editorials etc.), 55 were review papers, 50 were not cost-effectiveness analyses and 93 related to a highly specific patient sub-group or did not consider all treatment options. This left five papers to be reviewed in full. Conclusions: The current cost-effectiveness evidence does not support the increased use of PCI that has been seen in Australia and internationally. Due to problems with accessibility, clarity and relevance to policy and decision-makers, some otherwise very scientifically rigorous analyses have failed to generate any policy changes
Counting Complex Disordered States by Efficient Pattern Matching: Chromatic Polynomials and Potts Partition Functions
Counting problems, determining the number of possible states of a large
system under certain constraints, play an important role in many areas of
science. They naturally arise for complex disordered systems in physics and
chemistry, in mathematical graph theory, and in computer science. Counting
problems, however, are among the hardest problems to access computationally.
Here, we suggest a novel method to access a benchmark counting problem, finding
chromatic polynomials of graphs. We develop a vertex-oriented symbolic pattern
matching algorithm that exploits the equivalence between the chromatic
polynomial and the zero-temperature partition function of the Potts
antiferromagnet on the same graph. Implementing this bottom-up algorithm using
appropriate computer algebra, the new method outperforms standard top-down
methods by several orders of magnitude, already for moderately sized graphs. As
a first application, we compute chromatic polynomials of samples of the simple
cubic lattice, for the first time computationally accessing three-dimensional
lattices of physical relevance. The method offers straightforward
generalizations to several other counting problems.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure
Relaxation dynamics and ionic conductivity in a fragile plastic crystal
We report a thorough characterization of the dielectric relaxation behavior
and the ionic conductivity in the plastic-crystalline mixture of 60%
succinonitrile and 40% glutaronitrile. The plastic phase can be easily
supercooled and the relaxational behavior is investigated by broadband
dielectric spectroscopy in the liquid, plastic crystalline, and glassy crystal
phases. The very pronounced alpha-relaxation found in the spectra is
characterized in detail. From the temperature dependence of the
alpha-relaxation time, a fragility parameter of 62 was determined making this
material one of the most fragile plastic-crystalline glass formers. A
well-pronounced secondary and faint indications for a third relaxation process
were found, the latter most likely being of Johari-Goldstein type. In addition,
relatively strong conductivity contributions were detected in the spectra
exhibiting the typical features of ionic charge transport.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figure
Lower Bounds and Series for the Ground State Entropy of the Potts Antiferromagnet on Archimedean Lattices and their Duals
We prove a general rigorous lower bound for
, the exponent of the ground state
entropy of the -state Potts antiferromagnet, on an arbitrary Archimedean
lattice . We calculate large- series expansions for the exact
and compare these with our lower bounds on
this function on the various Archimedean lattices. It is shown that the lower
bounds coincide with a number of terms in the large- expansions and hence
serve not just as bounds but also as very good approximations to the respective
exact functions for large on the various lattices
. Plots of are given, and the general dependence on
lattice coordination number is noted. Lower bounds and series are also
presented for the duals of Archimedean lattices. As part of the study, the
chromatic number is determined for all Archimedean lattices and their duals.
Finally, we report calculations of chromatic zeros for several lattices; these
provide further support for our earlier conjecture that a sufficient condition
for to be analytic at is that is a regular
lattice.Comment: 39 pages, Revtex, 9 encapsulated postscript figures, to appear in
Phys. Rev.
Temperature development of glassy alpha-relaxation dynamics determined by broadband dielectric spectroscopy
We present the temperature dependence of alpha-relaxation times of 13 glass
formers determined from broadband dielectric spectroscopy, also including data
from aging measurements. The data sets partly cover relaxation-time ranges of
up to 16 decades enabling a critical test of the validity of model predictions.
For this purpose, the data are provided for electronic download. Here we employ
these results to test the applicability of the Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann equation
and a recently proposed new approach that was demonstrated to provide superior
fits of a vast collection of viscosity data.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, final version with minor revisions according to
referee demands. The relaxation time data published in the present work can
be downloaded at http://link.aps.org/supplemental/10.1103/PhysRevE.81.05150
Identification of a cytokine network sustaining neutrophil and Th17 activation in untreated early rheumatoid arthritis
© 2010 Cascão et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by sustained
synovitis. Recently, several studies have proposed neutrophils and Th17 cells as key players in the onset and
perpetuation of this disease. The main goal of this work was to determine whether cytokines driving neutrophil
and Th17 activation are dysregulated in very early rheumatoid arthritis patients with less than 6 weeks of disease
duration and before treatment (VERA).
Methods: Cytokines related to neutrophil and Th17 activation were quantified in the serum of VERA and
established RA patients and compared with other very early arthritis (VEA) and healthy controls. Synovial fluid (SF)
from RA and osteoarthritis (OA) patients was also analyzed.
Results: VERA patients had increased serum levels of cytokines promoting Th17 polarization (IL-1b and IL-6), as
well as IL-8 and Th17-derived cytokines (IL-17A and IL-22) known to induce neutrophil-mediated inflammation. In
established RA this pattern is more evident within the SF. Early treatment with methotrexate or corticosteroids led
to clinical improvement but without an impact on the cytokine pattern.
Conclusions: VERA patients already display increased levels of cytokines related with Th17 polarization and
neutrophil recruitment and activation, a dysregulation also found in SF of established RA. 0 Thus, our data suggest
that a cytokine-milieu favoring Th17 and neutrophil activity is an early event in RA pathogenesis.This work was supported by a grant from Sociedade Portuguesa de Reumatologia/Schering-Plough 2005. RAM and RC were funded by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) SFRH/BD/30247/2006 and
SFRH/BD/40513/2007, respectively. MMS-C was funded by Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship PERG-2008-239422 and a EULAR Young Investigator Award
Early rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by a distinct and transient synovial fluid cytokine profile of T cell and stromal cell origin
Pathological processes involved in the initiation of rheumatoid synovitis remain unclear. We undertook the present study to identify immune and stromal processes that are present soon after the clinical onset of rheumatoid arthritis ( RA) by assessing a panel of T cell, macrophage, and stromal cell related cytokines and chemokines in the synovial fluid of patients with early synovitis. Synovial fluid was aspirated from inflamed joints of patients with inflammatory arthritis of duration 3 months or less, whose outcomes were subsequently determined by follow up. For comparison, synovial fluid was aspirated from patients with acute crystal arthritis, established RA and osteoarthritis. Rheumatoid factor activity was blocked in the synovial fluid samples, and a panel of 23 cytokines and chemokines measured using a multiplex based system. Patients with early inflammatory arthritis who subsequently developed RA had a distinct but transient synovial fluid cytokine profile. The levels of a range of T cell, macrophage and stromal cell related cytokines ( e. g. IL-2, IL-4, IL-13, IL-17, IL-15, basic fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor) were significantly elevated in these patients within 3 months after symptom onset, as compared with early arthritis patients who did not develop RA. In addition, this profile was no longer present in established RA. In contrast, patients with non-rheumatoid persistent synovitis exhibited elevated levels of interferon-gamma at initiation. Early synovitis destined to develop into RA is thus characterized by a distinct and transient synovial fluid cytokine profile. The cytokines present in the early rheumatoid lesion suggest that this response is likely to influence the microenvironment required for persistent RA
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