An overview of the effectiveness of the most important native medicinal plants of iran on hemorrhoid based on iranian traditional medicine textbooks

Hemorrhoid diseaseoccursfollowing the blood-filling of vascular structures of submucosal networks in the anal area. Patients usually feel no painsand the symptoms include a feeling of rectal congestion, mucus secretion, and bright red blood dripping. Surgical treatment is of the most common treatment methods of hemorrhoid. In addition to the usual treatments, classic therapies and complementary medicine are also applied. Medicinal herbs have been traditionally a source for the treatment of many diseases. Many native medicinal plants of Iran have had effective properties on hemorrhoid. Thus, in this review,the effective medicinal plants of Iranian ethnobotanical resources on hemorrhoid were reported. In this review study, a search for articles by the keywords hemorrhoid,ethnobotanical, and medicinal plants was done. A search on the databases, such as Scopus, ISI C, S ID, MegIran,and a number of other databases was performed. Based on the results obtained, 11 herbs from different parts of Iran are traditionally used to treat anorexia. Such medicinal plants as pistachio from mountainous trees, yarrow, camel thorn, etc. are of the effective herbs on hemorrhoid. © 2009-2016, JGPT. All Rights Reserved

Association of the p53 codon 72 polymorphism with breast cancer in central part of Iran

The tumor suppressor gene protein 53 (p53) plays a general role in cell cycle control, the initiation of apoptosis and in DNA repair. The human p53 gene is mutated and accumulated in more than 50% of cancers. Codon 72 exon 4 polymorphism (Arg72Pro) of the p53 gene has been implicated in cancer risk. This study was aimed at investigating the possible association between p53 Arg72Pro polymorphism and susceptibility to breast cancer among Iranian population. The p53 Arg72Pro genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis in 135 breast cancer cases and 150 controls. The PCR products were digested with BstU I restriction enzyme and the DNA fragments were then resolved by electrophoresis in 2% agarose gel. Out of the 135 breast cancer samples, 102 (75.55 %) samples were heterozygous (Arg/Pro), 27 (20%) samples homozygous for arginine (Arg/Arg) and 6 (4.45%) samples homozygous for proline (Pro/Pro). The frequencies of the three p53 genotypes; Arg/Pro, Arg/Arg and Pro/Pro in controls were 62, 24 and 14%, respectively. Heterozygosity for Arg/Pro of p53 codon 72 is potentially one of the genetic risk factors for breast cancer. The p53 Arg72Pro polymorphism may be used as a stratification marker in screening individuals at a high risk of breast cancer

Effect of ethanolic extract of green tea (Camellia sinensis) on intra-abdominal adhesions in rats

Background and Objective: Adhesion bands comprise the most important unpleasant consequences of pelvic surgeries. Green tea (Camellia sinensis), due to its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects and prevention of production and accumulation of collagen seems to be beneficial in this event. Therefore, the present study was designed to elicit he effect of alcoholic extract of green tea on intra-abdominal adhesions. Materials and ethods: In this experimental study 30 healthy male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to two equal groups; one group taking green tea (A) and the other group taking normal aline (B). After anesthesia, their abdominal wall was opened, three longitudinal and ransverse incisions of 2 cm in length were made on the right side of peritoneal surface and a 2×2 cm piece of the left abdominal wall peritoneum was removed. Then, 4 ml green tea extract or normal saline was introduced into the abdominal cavity of the rats. Two weeks later in the second laparotomy, the adhesions were graded according to the strength, extent and appearance. Data were analyzed by Mann-Whitney test, using SPSS v.16. Results: There were significant differences between the scores of groups A and B (P=0.001). The median adhesion scores were 3 and 8 in groups A and B, respectively. Conclusion: The results of this study provide the evidence that green tea extract has a potential capacity to effectively prevent postoperative intra abdominal adhesions in rats and might be beneficial during clinical surgeries

Evaluation of the frequency of phenotype and genotype of Van A and Van B genes in vancomycine resistant enterococcus isolated from clinical sample of Alzahra Hospitals in Isfahan

زمینه و هدف: انتروکوک ها جزء فلور طبیعی دستگاه گوارش انسان می باشند، ولی تحت شرایطی می توانند باعث عفونت شوند و نقش مهمی در پخش ژن های مقاومت و ایجاد سویه های مقاوم به آنتی بیوتیک دارند. با افزایش استفاده از آنتی بیوتیک ونکومایسین، انتروکوک های مقاوم به وانکومایسین (VRE)یکی از پاتوژن های شایع بیمارستانی در سراسر دنیا هستند. ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ با هدف ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ شیوع و فراوانی ژن های ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻓﻨﻮﺗﻴﭙﻰ‬ ﻭ ژﻧﻮﺗﻴﭙﻰ در انتروکوک های مقاوم به وانکومایسین انجام شده است.‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺵ بررسی: در این مطالعه توصیفی مقطعی، پس از جداسازی و تشخیص 165 سویه انتروکوک از نمونه های بالینی بخش های مختلف بیمارستان الزهرا (س) اصفهان در سال 1390 ﻭ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺗﺴﺖ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪﻯ، ﺍﻧﺘﺮﻭﻛﻮﻙﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻭاﻧﻜﻮﻣﺎﻳﺴﻴﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﺩﻳﺴﻚ ﻭ همچنین آزمون E-test مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. نمونه های انتروکوک های مقاوم به وانکومایسین با استفاده از روش Real Time-PCR از لحاظ وجود ژن های مقاوم به وانکومایسین VanA و VanB مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. ﻳافته ها: نتایج نشان داد از میان 165 ایزوله انتروکوک جمع آوری شده از نمونه های بالینی 79(48) انتروکوک با روش انتشار دیسک به ونکومایسین مقاوم بودند، اما با روش E-test فقط 40(25) انتروکوک دارای مقاومت سطح بالا به ونکومایسین بودند. با روش Real time-PCR از 40 نمونه مورد نظر 37 مورد (5/92) حاوی ژن Van A و 3 مورد (5/7) حاوی ژن Van B بودند. نتیجه گیری :براساس نتایج به دست آمده، تعداد سویه های جدا شده دارای ژن VanA بیشتر از سویه های جدا شده دارای ژن VanB در بیمارستان الزهرا (س) اصفهان می باشد. روش ژنوتیپی Real time-PCR دارای اختصاصیت بالا نسبت به روش های فنوتیپی انتشار دیسک و E-TEST را می باشد

Prevalence of hepatitis A among newly admitted medical students of Isfahan city in 2012

زمینه و هدف: دانشجویان علوم پزشکی معمولاً در معرض تماس با عوامل عفونی مثل هپاتیت A می باشد. این مطالعه سرولوژیکی به منظور بررسی فراوانی نسبی هپاتیت A در بین دانشجویان پزشکی در بدو ورود به دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان در سال 1390 انجام گرفته است. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه مقطعی (توصیفی- تحلیلی) 403 دانشجوی سال اول به روش نمونه گیری غیر احتمالی آسان انتخاب و نمونه سرم آن ها به منظور تعیین آنتی بادی توتال IgG و IgM علیه هپاتیت A با روش الایزا مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. یافته ها: دانشجویان شامل 252 نفر (5/62 درصد) مرد و 151 نفر (5/37 درصد) زن بودند. شیوع آنتی بادی علیه هپاتیت A، 5/67 درصد ارزیابی شد. در این میان ابتلا به هپاتیت A با محل سکونت (01/0P=) و نوع آب آشامیدنی (018/0P=) ارتباط معنی داری نشان داد. نتیجه گیری: با توجه به در معرض خطر بودن دانشجویان پزشکی، غربالگری اولیه و واکسیناسیون افرادی که علیه هپاتیت A مصونیت ندارند، توصیه می شود

Bioactive components and preventive effect of green tea (Camellia sinensis) extract on post-laparotomy intra-abdominal adhesion in rats

Background: Adhesion formation is an important complication of abdomino-pelvic surgery. Green tea (Camellia sinensis) has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects which prevent production and accumulation of collagen and, thus, may reduce adhesion formation. The present study examined the effect of green tea alcoholic extract on intra-abdominal adhesion formation. Total phenolic, flavonoid and flavonol contents as well as anti-oxidant activity were also evaluated. Methods: Thirty healthy male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to two equal groups of green tea (A) and distilled water (B). After anesthesia, the abdominal wall was opened and three shallow longitudinal and transverse incisions of 2 cm in length were made on the right side of the peritoneum by scalpel blade. A 2 x 2 cm square of the left abdominal wall peritoneum was removed by surgical scissors. Green tea extract or distilled water was introduced into the abdominal cavity of each rat. The rats were sacrificed two weeks post-laparotomy and adhesion bands were scored according to severity, extent and appearance. Fibrosis and inflammation were also scored via histopathological examination. Results: There was a significant difference in mean adhesion scores between the green tea and distilled water groups (3.2 +/- 3.503 and 7.33 +/- 0.51, respectively) (p = 0.001). In terms of fibrosis (p = 0.002) and inflammation (p = 0.003) a statistically significant difference was also seen between the two groups following histopathological examination. Conclusion: Green tea extract reduces intra-peritoneal adhesions in an animal model. Crown Copyright (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Surgical Associates Ltd. All rights reserved

Evaluating the anti-leech effects of methanolic extracts of Allium sativum L. and Allium cepa L. compared with levamisole

زمینه و هدف: زالو از عوامل بیماری های زئونوز انگلی نوظهور و نوپدید می باشد و مهم ترین عارضه آلودگی با آن بروز کم خونی است. تاکنون در فارماکوپه ملل مختلف دنیا، دارویی برای درمان عوارض زالو ثبت نشده است. پیاز و سیر گیاهانی هستند که عصاره آنها در طب سنتی به وفور مورد استفاده قرار می‌گیرد و معتقدند که اثرات سودمندی به عنوان یک گیاه ضد انگل دارد. این مطالعه با هدف مشخص نمودن اثرات ضد زالویی عصاره های متانولی سیر و پیاز انجام گردید. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه تجربی اثرات ضد لیمناتیس نیلوتیکای عصاره متانولی گیاهان سیر و پیاز با آزمایش ضدزالویی بررسی شد. آزمایش ضد زالویی در ظرف حاوی 600 میلی لیتر آب چشمه و یک عدد زالو انجام شد. زمان فلجی و مرگ زالوها به مدت 720 دقیقه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. هر آزمایش 9 مرتبه تکرار شد. جهت آنالیز داده ها ار آزمون آماری آنالیز واریانس یک طرفه استفاده شد. یافته ها: نتایج نشان می داد که عصاره متانولی سیر با دوز 300 میلی گرم با میانگین 61/8±44/80 دقیقه و لوامیزول با میانگین 72/2±77/8 دقیقه باعث مرگ زالو شد (05/0

The most important medicinal plants effective on constipation by the ethnobotanical documents in Iran: A review

Constipation is a prevalent gastrointestinal disease in both children and adults. This disease which is associated with the inability to empty rectum completely is diagnosed when defecation is difficult and delayed for two weeks or more and obviously causes discomfort. The culture of Iran traditional medicine is full of the medicinal plants with purgative property which have the potential to be used for production of purgative drugs. Therefore, we reported the medicinal plants used to treat constipation in the cultures and customs of different regions of Iran. In this review article, the relevant articles, books, and documents of Iran traditional medicine were searched for with the key words including constipation, bowel disorders, rectal discharge, ethnobotany, Iran traditional medicine, medicinal plants, and natural components in the databases, WOS, PubMed, Scopus, Islamic World Science Citation Center, and Magiran. The findings indicated that in East Azarbaijan, West Azarbaijan, Isfahan, Ilam, Khouzestan, Sistan va Balouchestan, Kerman, Mazandaran, and Hormozgan, local people used 41 plant species to treat constipation

A review of therapeutic and pharmacological effects of thymol

Thymol (C10H14O) is a monoterpene which is considered a phenolic component and is present in many vegetable oils. Thymol is an aromatic essence which is known as disinfectant in traditional medicine. Thymol is found in plants and has properties such as antibacterial, antipyretic, antispasmodic, antifungal, antioxidant, and hepatorotective, anti worm, antispasmodic for rats tracheal smooth muscles, gastroprotective, antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, analgesic, acaricide, and antiepileptic. Thymol is a medicinal, plant-based component with pleasant taste and smell and is found in many medicinal plants including Thymus vulgaris, and Carum copticum. Because it is inexpensive and exerts pharmaceutically peerless effects, it could be used to heal many of the diseases and may be commercially available in different countries in the future

Identification of Plant Flora Affecting Anti-Anxiety and Anti-Depression Disorders Based on Ethnobotanical Knowledge of the Arasbaran Region, Azerbaijan, Iran

Background: Ethnobotany, as a part of every district’s national capital, involves residents' experience and knowledge about plants and their features being the result of a long time of trial and error in nature. The purpose of this study was to obtain and document the culture of the traditional application of Arasbaran medicinal plants from Azerbaijan province in Iran.Methods: In this research, the information and knowledge of the people about the effective medicinal plants on common psychiatric syndromes including anxiety and depression were collected through questionnaires and interviews. Questions contain local names, organ usage, and traditional therapeutic characteristics of plants. Interviews then went on until the repeated answers confirmed the reliability and validity.Results: Labiatae plant family with 4 plants was the most effective herb family for the treatment of common psychiatric diseases. Also, the most plant organs utilized for treating nervous disorders included aerial parts (36%), fruits (22%), flowering branches (each with 21%) and flowers (14%), and seeds (7%). So, identification and documentation of their indigenous knowledge can pave the way for a better application of medicinal plants and their products.Conclusion: In this study, 12 medicinal plant species belonging to 9 families were studied. The largest proportion of plant species was related to the Labiatae family. The most commonly used organs were aerial parts, fruits, and flowering branches, respectively. Native medicinal plants of the Arasbaran region are traditionally used to treat common psychiatric syndromes and can be highly effective in the treatment of disorders such as depression and anxiety.          Keywords: Herbal plants; Ethno-botany; Remedy; Psychiatry