Steps towards Sustainability in Fashion: Snapshot Bangladesh A resource for fashion students and educators

This publication offers three case studies, alongside ideas of how they could be used to develop thinking in fashion education. They illustrate some of the different ways sustainability is being approached and interpreted through fashion business in Bangladesh. Case studies of People Tree, New Look and Echotex offer insights into ways in which organisations address long hours, low pay and buying practices. Case study Aranya Crafts offers a view focusing on pioneering work in in natural dyes. The case-studies, published in collaboration with Fashioning an Ethical Industry are an output of a British Council funded Development Partnerships in Higher Education (DelPHE) project bringing together LCF, the BGMEA Institute of Fashion Technology (BIFT) in Dhaka and the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) to deliver research that explores better practice and ways forward to improve the competitiveness of the Bangladesh manufacturing sector to add value in this area

Gender and motor competence affects perceived likelihood and importance of physical activity outcomes among 14 year olds

Little is understood about the impact of level of motor competence on self-perceptions in adolescence, in particular how this may differentially affect girls and boys. A sample of 1,568 14-year-old participants (766 girls and 802 boys) were grouped into four motor competence levels (very low to high) based on the McCarron Assessment of Neuromuscular Development (MAND). Self-perceptions were assessed using the Self-Perception Profile for Adolescents. Boys had higher self-perceptions of global self-worth, athletic competence, and physical appearance, whereas girls had higher scores for close friendships and behavioral conduct. Main effects in the predicted direction were found for motor competence for self-perceptions of global self-worth, athletic competence, physical appearance, close friendships, social acceptance, and romantic appeal. These findings indicate that level of motor competence is important in many aspects of self-perceptions, affecting girls and boys differently. Higher motor competence has a protective effect on psychosocial health, particularly for girls

대한민국에 중국의 국가 이미지와 사드 배치

학위논문(석사)--서울대학교 대학원 :국제대학원 국제학과(국제협력전공),2019. 8. 이근.중국이 최근 해외에서의 국가 이미지 제고를 위해 수억 달러를 투자했음에도 불구하고, 중국에 대한 인상은 오히려 악화됐다. 극단적인 예로 한반도 내 고고도미사일방어 체계 (THAAD) 배치에 대한 중국의 대응을 들 수 있다. 이러한 미국의 체제에 대한 항의의 일환으로 중국은 한국을 대상으로 비공식적 경제 보복을 감행했다. 상황의 개선을 위해 한국 정부는 여러 측면에서 뒤로 물러섰으며 그 결과, 한국 대중의 중국에 대한 여론은 심각하게 나빠졌다. 본 논문은 중국일보(China Daily)의 THAAD 에 대한 권력자 차원의 담론 및 한국 일간지의 중국의 행동에 대한 프레이밍(framing) 분석을 통해 한국 내 중국의 이미지에 부정적인 영향을 미친 요인을 살펴보았다. 심리학 차원의 분석은 중국은 한국이 THAAD 를 포기하도록 압박하기 위해 간접적 위협을 가했다고 주장한다. 하지만 그렇게 함으로써, 중국에 대한 한국 대중의 신뢰가 감소하였고 부정적인 의견이 증가되였다. 이러한 대응은 결국 중국의 소프트 파워와 국가 이미지 관리 전략에 헛점이 있음을 드러나게 했을뿐 아니라, 향후 동북아시아의 국제관계에 있어 부정적 영향을 미칠 수도 있음에 따라 안보 전략의 실패로 볼 수 있다. 한국 대중은 중국에 대해 부정적인 이미지를, 미국에 대해서는 긍정적인 이미지를 갖게 됐다. 담론 분석 결과, 미국의 전략적 균형(strategic balancing)이 중국에 있어 가장 중요한 사안임에 따라, 미-중 간 긴장이 고조될수록 한국 대중의 중국에 대한 부정적 이미지는 심각한 문제가 될 수 있다. 이에 따라, 본 논문은 한-중 간 관계 개선을 위해서는 양국 간 새로운 논쟁적 상호작용 (argumentative interaction) 접근이 필요함을 주장한다.While China has invested billions of dollars in recent years to promote its national image abroad, public perceptions of China have become more negative in many parts of the world. This thesis examines this phenomenon through the recent case of the THAAD dispute between the Peoples Republic of China and the Republic of Korea in order to understand how Chinas strategic approach undermined its own image with the Korean public. Through an analysis of elite Chinese discourse and a framing analysis of Korean media it attempts to understand why China was ineffective in persuading the Korean public of its position on the deployment of the US anti-missile system and to examine the factors that led to the downturn in Chinas image. Adopting Lee and Pinkers psycholinguistic approach to indirect communication, it argues that China used an indirect form of threat to attempt to shift itself into a more dominant position in its relations with Korea in order to pressure it to drop its commitment to THAAD. However, in doing so and by using economic levers in the dispute, its perceived trustworthiness among the Korean public fell dramatically over the course of the dispute causing an increase in negative opinions of China. As well as highlighting flaws in the Chinese understanding of soft power and the importance of international audiences perceptions to its success, this represents a wider strategic failure which could have serious implications for the future of East Asia. Polling data shows that the dispute did not only sour Korean attitudes towards China, it simultaneously strengthened positive attitudes towards the US. Given that concerns about US strategic balancing was one of the main themes of Chinese discourse surrounding the THAAD dispute, this represents a serious strategic oversight as well as a potential threat should tensions between the two powers escalate. This thesis argues for a new argumentative interaction approach to relations between China and her neighbours to prevent similar issues in future and in order to avoid ramping up US-China tensions in the Asia Pacific region which would not be of benefit to either party.Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Purpose of Research 2 1.3 Background 4 Chapter 2. Literature review 6 2.1. National Image and Competitive Identity 6 2.2. Discourse Analysis 8 2.3. Framing Analysis 10 2.4. Sino-Korean Relations 12 Chapter 3. Research Design 16 3.1. Research Question 16 3.2. Theoretical Framework 17 3.2.1. Discourse analysis 17 3.2.2. Framing analysis 18 3.2.3 Psycholinguistic approach to indirect communication 19 3.3. Methodology 23 3.4. Discourse analysis 24 3.4.1. Sampling and coding method 24 3.5. Framing analysis 25 3.5.1. Sampling method 25 3.5.2. Coding method 26 3.6. Limitations 27 Chapter 4. Chinas National Image strategy 30 4.1. Chinas national image management 30 4.2. Chinas soft power discourse 31 4.3. Chinas soft power activities in Korea 34 4.4. Potential strategic weaknesses in the Chinese approach 36 Chapter 5. Chinas discourse on the THAAD dispute 41 5.1. Chinese newspapers 41 5.2. Protecting Chinese national interests 42 5.3. US strategic balancing 43 5.4. Boycott as individual choice 47 5.5. Restrictions due to other legitimate reasons 51 5.6. Conclusion 54 Chapter 6. Korean newspaper framing of the THAAD dispute 57 6.1. Framing analysis 57 6.2. Sample 57 6.3. Findings 61 6.4. Conclusion 69 Chapter 7. Findings and Implications 72 7.1. Effect on Korean public opinion 72 7.2. Technical misunderstandings and strategic differences 76 7.3. The dangers of bringing economics to a diplomacy fight 78 7.4. Communication problems 80 7.5. Flaws in national image management approach 81 7.6. Impact of security concerns about US on regional relations 84 7.7. Policy recommendation 85 Chapter 8. Conclusion 87 References 92Maste

Living together : revisiting the SRO + new forms of collectivity

The current affordable housing crisis has reached a boiling point. Home prices are increasing at double the rate of wage gains, and almost half of all renters in the United States are considered costburdened (spending 30% or more of their income on rent). There simply isn’t enough affordable housing available to meet the growing demand and people are being priced out. The housing market, as it stands, is in desperate need of re-examination. Options that better reflect the demographics of growing cities and promote inclusion are of vital importance for a sustainable future. This directed research project responds to the universal need for thoughtfully designed affordable housing in current urban environments. It examines the often misunderstood SRO (single room occupancy hotel), taking lessons in efficiency and minimal living from this model and pairing it with an understanding of the history and function of other marginal housing typologies, it synthesizes the greatest attributes and re-imagines the performance of housing in general. By creating a new, inclusive model for collectivity and affordability that emphasizes smallness and togetherness, this typology addresses the issues that have plagued its predecessors and becomes a model for future development

Literary Devices: Effects of Classroom Management on Student Engagement with 1:1 Devices

The study compares two different classroom management strategies in a 5th and 6th grade classroom using an iPad based intervention. The students participated in 10 sessions of a language and grammar intervention on the Moby Max program. During five of the sessions, the teacher actively monitored the classroom, walking around the room, and redirecting students as necessary. For the other five sessions, the teacher used data from the intervention and monitored and redirected students from her computer screen. The data collected included the number of corrections given to each student by the teacher, the number of minutes the program considered each student active, and the percentage of time during the session the student was engaged with their work. The average of each of these measurements over the five sessions for each student was compared across the two classroom management styles. A statistical t-test was calculated to ascertain if there was a meaningful difference between the two variations. Of the three measurements taken, the percentage of focus time and the number of corrections were not found to have a statistical difference. The number of minutes of logged, however, was higher during the sessions when the teacher was actively monitoring

Australian adolescents\u27 motor competence and perceptions of physical activity outcomes

Benefits that are generally associated with physical activity include enjoyment of the activity, expectation of positive benefits, intention to exercise, perceived fitness or health self-efficacy, intrinsic motivation, and positive physical self-perceptions (Sallis & Owen, 1999). In the Australian context where motor skill is highly valued, the ability to participate in play, games, and sports is likely to be particularly important in the socialization process of adolescents, such as their opportunity for reaffirming friendships and gaining social support from significant others. To be competent at movement would seem a clear advantage in order to experience quality of life through physical activity. However for adolescents who have poor motor competence, whose past experiences in sporting contexts have been less positive, future engagement in physical activity may not be viewed as so worthwhile. From a theoretical perspective motor competence has been closely linked to positive self-perceptions (Harter, 1999; Nicholls, 1990) and feelings of self-efficacy (Bandura, 1997). Furthermore, the choices individuals make are directly related to their expectancies for success, and subjective values they place on the options they perceive to be available (Eccles, Barber, & Jozefowicz, 1999). Empirical findings with adolescents (Cantell, Smyth, & Ahonen, 2003; Poulsen, Ziviani, Cuskelly, & Smith, 2007) suggest that level of motor competence is associated with psycho-social outcomes that in turn influence the intrinsic motivation to engage in physical activity. Even with marginal motor difficulties, adolescents perceive greater barriers to exercise (Rose, Larkin, Hands, & Parker, 2008) but there is little known of how adolescents with low motor competence perceive outcomes of future engagement in physical activity differently to their better coordinated peers. Their difficulties are not only frequently overlooked but are compounded by not experiencing the joy of participation and benefit from the healthy outcomes of physical activity so important to quality of life. Furthermore, there is evidence that movement difficulties experienced in childhood do not go away and there are often physical and psycho-social difficulties extending into adulthood (Cantell, Smyth, & Ahonen, 2003). In our study we proposed that adolescent girls and boys who differ in level of motor competence will also differ in their perceptions of benefits gained from any future engagement in sports and physical recreation. These proposed differences especially may be evident in physical and social evaluative settings where according to Harter (1999) adolescents are particularly vulnerable. She found that subgroups experiencing motor difficulties are likely to have a diminished view of their physical selves and be unwilling to participate in physical activities. If little positive benefit is perceived from participation there are strong implications for physical health associated with low energy expenditure and for overall quality of life. Considering that gender is linked to academic, occupational and recreational choice (Eccles et al., 1999) and that socialization for girls in sport often differs from that of boys (Coakley, 2007), girls may view their future in physical activity as less rewarding. This might have implications not only for girls but particularly for those girls who also lack competence in movement. Boys also may experience disadvantage if their motor competence does not reach the expectations of a sport oriented society (Poulsen et al., 2007). Our purpose here was to examine the likelihood of experiencing positive or negative outcomes from engaging in physical activity in adolescent boys and girls who differed in level of motor competence

Translucence Not Transparency

Book review of "Blacked Out: Government Secrecy in the Information Age" by Alasdair Roberts (Cambridge University Press, 2005)

Agronomic management of soybean with foliar manganese and apical meristem alterations

About half of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yield is attributed to genetic improvements of 12.5 kg ha-1 per year (Specht and Williams, 1984) with the remaining half of soybean yield being dependent upon environment, agronomic management, and the interaction of genetics and management (Rowntree et al., 2013). Many farmers have overlooked the importance of incorporating management practices into their soybean production system, which indicates they may be missing half of the potential yield of soybeans. Therefore, our objective was to quantify the impact of different agronomic management practices on soybean productivity. One study was conducted in 2014 and 2015 to determine the value of the foliar application of two different foliar manganese products to relieve "yellow flashing" in glyphosate resistant soybeans sprayed with the herbicide glyphosate. Foliar manganese applied 24 hours prior to glyphosate applications led to the greatest increase in plant manganese concentration. Although applications of either manganese formula increased plant manganese concentration, they did not result in a consistent impact on total biomass, plant chlorophyll, or final yield; however, chlorophyll measurements as well as visual observation did not indicate "yellow flashing" in either year. A second experiment in 2015 evaluated alternative practices to break apical dominance in soybean in order to facilitate plant branching or create multiple new main stems to potentially increase yield. Practices to eliminate the plant apical meristem included applying the herbicide Cobra (2-ethoxy-1-methyl-2-oxoethyl-5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoate) to cause a chemical burn, as well as decapitation back to the unifoliate or first trifoliate nodes. Plant population (80,000 vs 160,000 plants acre-1) was also a factor in this study as soybean plants tend to naturally branch more at lower populations. All apical meristem removal treatments resulted in a significant yield decrease, with greater penalties occurring at the lower plant population (80,000 plants per acre). Collectively, these findings emphasize the importance of providing the soybean plant a stress-free growing season to maximize yield