Standard Embeddings of Smooth Schubert Varieties in Rational Homogeneous Manifolds of Picard Number 1

Smooth Schubert varieties in rational homogeneous manifolds of Picard number 1 are horospherical varieties. We characterize standard embeddings of smooth Schubert varieties in rational homogeneous manifolds of Picard number 1 by means of varieties of minimal rational tangents. In particular, we mainly consider nonhomogeneous smooth Schubert varieties in symplectic Grassmannians and in the 20-dimensional $F_4$-homogeneous manifold associated to a short simple root.Comment: 22 page

A model study of hydrodynamic and water quality characteristics of the Rappahannock Estuary, Virginia

A laterally integrated, two-dimensional, real-time model, consisting of linked hydrodynamic and water quality models, is developed and applied to the Rappahannock Estuary, Virginia. The hydrodynamic model, based on the principles of conservation of volume, momentum and mass, predicts surface elevation, current velocity and salinity. The water quality model, based on the conservation of mass alone, predicts eight parameters; dissolved oxygen (DO), chlorophyll \u27a\u27, carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand (CBOD), organic nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite-nitrate nitrogen, organic phosphorus and inorganic phosphorus. The model equations were solved using a two time level, finite difference scheme. The hydrodynamic model was calibrated and verified using field data collected in 1987 and 1990, and was used to study hydrodynamic processes. A reverse longitudinal salinity gradient, that has been frequently observed in the Rappahannock, was explained in terms of bottom topography and vertical mixing. This argument was further supported by the salinity data from 1981-1990 slackwater surveys. The often confusing usage of the phrase limit of salt intrusion in place of limit of gravitational circulation was clarified. The water quality model was calibrated and verified using the field data from 1990 surveys, and was used to study water quality conditions. Hypoxia, even anoxia, persists during summer in the bottom water of the lower portion of the Rappahannock. Sensitivity analysis showed that the bottom water ends up being hypoxic regardless of DO and CBOD in the incoming bay water, and hypoxia can be relieved more by eliminating CBOD than by increasing DO in the incoming bay water. An increase in either residual velocity or vertical mixing can relieve the hypoxic condition. Water column respiration, including CBOD decay, nitrification and algal respiration, is as important as sediment oxygen demand, and the CBOD decay is the most important in the water column. High chlorophyll concentrations in the lower portion of tidal freshwater have been observed frequently in many estuaries. Sensitivity analysis indicated that the high chlorophyll in the Rappahannock cannot be maintained without an external input of nutrients. A hypothesis was proposed to account for the nutrient source and the downriver limit of high chlorophyll concentrations

Water Quality Conditions in the Tidal Rappahannock River: Longitudinal and Dome Surveys in 1993

Previous field surveys and modeling studies (Kuo et al. 1991; Park et al. 1993) indicated the presence of three different water quality regimes in the tidal Rappahannock River (Fig. 1), a western shore tributary of Chesapeake Bay: : Region I - hypoxic conditions during summer in the bottom water between km 0-55 : Region II - high chlorophyll concentration between km 80-147 : Region III - waste water discharges from sewage treatment plants To study the differences among these 3 reaches of the river, two types of field surveys were conducted during the summer of 1993: 1) longitudinal surveys in Region III and 2) benthic flux surveys using domes in Region I and II. This data report describes these field surveys and presents the data collected from them, consisting of two parts: Part I for longitudinal surveys and Part II for dome surveys. The analysis of the data will be presented in another special report

A Comparative Analysis of Korean-English Phonological Structures and Processes for Pronunciation Pedagogy in Interpretation Training

This paper discusses the rationale for providing pronunciation training in B language to students of interpretation working into B. It also provides a thorough comparative analysis of Korean-English phonological structures and processes followed by pedagogical suggestions for instructors of interpretation. This study concludes that with the proper knowledge on the contrastive analyses of phonetic/phonological structures and processes and with proper instruction and practice, Korean students of interpretation will acquire better speech delivery and interpretation quality into English.Cet article a pour but d’analyser l’enseignement de la prononciation en langue B (la langue de travail). L’article fait une analyse comparative des structures et des processus phonologiques du coréen et de l’anglais, et propose des suggestions pédagogiques. L’étude conclut qu'avec la connaissance appropriée des structures et des processus phonétiques/phonologiques, ainsi qu’avec l’enseignement et les exercices adéquats, les étudiants coréens en interprétation peuvent améliorer leur qualité d’interprétation vers l’anglais.본 논문은 AB 통역이 필연적으로 요구되고 있는 한국 통역 현장의 특수성에 기인하여 국내의 통역 교육을 담당하는 기관의 교육과정 중에 B 언어로의 통역을 위한 발음 훈련이 포함되어야 하는 당위성을 제시한다. 보다 구체적으로는, 한영 통역을 위한 한국어와 영어의 음성, 음운체계 및 음운 법칙에 관한 포괄적인 분석을 제공하고, 그에 따른 통역훈련을 위한 발음 교수법을 제안한다. 두 언어의 음성, 음운 체계와 그 법칙에 대한 체계적 비교 분석에 근거한 실제적 발음 교수법은 한영 통역을 훈련함에 있어서 통역 훈련생들로 하여금 보다 더 질 높은 통역과 발화능력을 갖추게 할 것으로 판단된다